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Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens like fungi, bacteria and viruses. These diseases can spread through direct contact, such as from one person to another, from animal to person, and from mother to an unborn child. They can also be transmitted indirectly through bug bites, contaminated water or food, and exposure to pathogens in the environment. The most common infectious diseases include influenza, hepatitis, common cold, tuberculosis, urinary tract infections (UTIs), strep throat, vaginal candidiasis and clostridioides difficile. The signs of infectious diseases vary based on the pathogens causing the infections, which may include fatigue, fever, congestion, chills, cough, muscle aches and headache, and gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. A weakened immune system as a result of consumption of various medications, or having diseases like HIV and cancer are the risk factors of infectious diseases. The risk of infection can be reduced by washing hands regularly, getting vaccinated, staying back at home during illness, clean and safe preparation of food, and practicing safe sex. This book aims to understand the clinical perspectives of infectious diseases. The readers would gain knowledge that would broaden their perspective in this area of medicine.
Infectious diseases, also known as transmissible diseases, are the illness caused by an infection. The invasion of an organism's body tissue by the biological pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, prions and anthropods causes infections. These pathogens enter the body of an organism and start multiplying. The immune system of the host tissues fights against them. The infections that show symptoms are categorized as clinical and the infections that do not show any apparent symptoms are known as subclinical infections. The symptoms of infectious diseases vary from one disease to another but the most common of them include fatigue, weight loss, fever, running nose, coughing, skin rashes, loss of appetite, night sweats, chills and body aches. The medications commonly used to treat the infectious diseases are antibiotics, antifungals, antiprotozoals, antivirals and antihelminthics. This book presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. It contains some path-breaking studies in the field of infectious diseases. It will provide comprehensive knowledge to the readers.
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