Bøger af Dr Muhammad Saleem

For more than 50 years, the mainstream electronics industry has been dominated by thin film transistors, based on inorganic semiconductors. The fabrication of these devices requires high temperature and complex vacuum deposition techniques, which results in high production costs and not suitable for large-area electronics. Organic semiconducting materials offer an attractive alternative because their fabrication processes are much less complex and inexpensive compared to conventional inorganic technology. This Book describes the fabrication and characterization of organic semiconductor based devices such as humidity, temperature, and light sensors, photoelectrochemical cells, electrochemical cells, solid-liquid and surface-type rectifying junctions. Simple and inexpensive novel techniques has been used for the fabrication. Low cost production of these devices is possible by using vacuum evaporation, spin coating, and drop casting technology.This book aims at the fabrication and investigation of different type of novel organic semiconductor devices for electric, electronic and optoelectronic applications.

Power shortages and blackouts are common in developing countries especially in emerging economies due to increasing electricity consumption, population and weak distrubution system. As a result, these economies are facing common problem that how to meet the grwoing demand to maintain economic growth and to develop a regulatory framework for electricity sector which is efficient and market based. This book explores the common problems faced by developing countries in the electricity sector and provides the practical examples of measuring efficiency of generation and distribution companies using state of the art methodologies. Based on efficiency results, price cap regulation for the purpose of electricity tariff setting has been proposed. This book serves as a guide to develop incentive based price cap regulation as a case study of developing countries. It also provides an integrated approach to efficiency measurement for electricity sector regulators.It covers the conceptual issues related to power sector policy analysis, privatization modules,efficiency and price cap regulation in an accessible yet rigorous maner.