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An imbalance in the redox state of the cells, which may be caused by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or dysfunction of the antioxidant systems leads to the state of oxidative stress. In this state, the capability of the biological system to detoxify the reactive products is reduced. Increased ROS levels have negative effects on essential cellular structures, such as nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. Oxidative stress may cause development of several diseases, including Parkinson's disease, chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), cancer, depression, Alzheimer's disease, heart failure, fragile X syndrome and Lafora disease. Numerous antioxidants including polyphenols, vitamin E, and flavonoids have been studied for their potential properties against oxidative stress. From theories to research to practical applications, studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance on the mechanisms and health impacts of oxidative stress have been included in this book. The readers would gain knowledge that would broaden their perspective in this area of study.
The cells of the body generate free radicals throughout the metabolic processes. These cells also generate antioxidants, which neutralize the free radicals. Generally, the body is capable of balancing free radicals and antioxidants. Oxidative stress refers to a condition characterized by an imbalance of antioxidants and free radicals in the body that can cause tissue and cell damage. It occurs naturally and contributes to the process of aging. Long-term oxidative stress plays a role in the development of a variety of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cancer and diabetes. Various factors that increase the risk of oxidative stress include obesity, alcohol consumption, pollution, diets having high components of sugar and fat, and consumption of processed foods. Some dietary and lifestyle changes may aid in the reduction of oxidative stress. It requires consumption of a well-balanced nutritious diet that is rich in vegetables and fruits, maintaining a healthy body weight, and exercising regularly. This book explores all the important aspects related to the impact of oxidative stress on human health. It is an essential guide for both academicians and those who wish to study this topic further.
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