Bøger af Fedor Mende

Physics concludes then when postulates originate. Application of them evidences misunderstanding of physical phenomena followed by substitution of postulates for these phenomena. The whole last century was signalized by the greatest crisis in physics when materialistic understanding of reality succeeded mathematics which itself started to create its physical laws. A typical example of such approaches was introducing metaphysical concept of frequency dispersion of such parameters as dielectric and magnetic permeability of material media. These metaphysical approaches generated the entire metaphysical school in electrodynamics of material media named frequency dispersion of material parameters. The physics shackled by yellow science and yellow press was practically at a stop during the last century which just generated the deepest crisis. At present, the situation in physics very reminds that which preceded downfall of the Ptolomaeus system.

The book shows that Maxwell's equations can be represented in the symmetrical form and such equations describe entire spectrum of electrodynamic processes in the material media. The equivalent diagrams of plasma media, dielectrics and magnetic materials, placed between the planes of long line are represented. The new concept of kinetic capacity is introduced, which describes the energy processes, connected with the precessional motion of the magnetic moments of atoms in the magnetized media. The concepts of the electrokinetic and magnetopotential waves, which describe wave processes in the nonmagnetic and magnetized material media, are introduced.

A new type of interferometer has been developed that uses the principle of mechanical beam division. With its help, the time constant of the wavelength of the laser beam, which does not depend on the velocity of the generator or mirror moving along the harmonic law, has been experimentally observed. The combination of this new effect with the known Doppler effect indicates the classical addition of the speed of light in this case with the speed of its source, which violates the principle of the invariance of the speed of light of the theory of relativity. Due to the detected effect, the use of a developed interferometer in passive radar opens up new prospects for its development.

Development of advanced defense technologies and military equipment is the labor-consuming branch, which requires the introduction of quite foremost achievements of science and technology. Large teams of scientists, engineers and designers work to solve such problems. One such development, and its introduction in the fleet, will be described in this topic. The duplex communication is large problem in the fleet the ships of control with the other spacecraft during the fulfillment of combat missions. The difficulties are that the control ship simultaneously operates both high-sensitivity receivers and powerful transmitters that jam their own receivers. In the article the discussion will deal with how it was possible to solve this problem with the aid of low-temperature physics and cryogenics, when on the flag officer of Black Sea fleet cruiser Zhdanov was established this equipment, developed and prepared in the scientific and technical complex the Physical-Technical Institute for Low Temperatures of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR..Such equipment was developed in department No. 67, which was headed by Doctor of Technical Sciences F. F. Mende.

The article consists of two parts. The first part (F. Mende) presents the field theory of field transformation in classical electrodynamics. He constructed a notation that used the discovered derivative that Maxwell used when writing his membership. in this form, Maxwell's equations are invariant to Galilean transformation. In the second part (A. Kukushkin and A. Rukhadze) a critical review of approaches to describing the energy of electromagnetic fields is given, as well as a review of theoretical and experimental work on the frequency of waves from the point of view of the special theory of relativity ( ONE HUNDRED). The equations of motion for an energetic wave in vacuum are formulated, and a simple exact equation for the 3-vector energy velocity is obtained.

The concept of the vector potential of the magnetic field in the induction equations is clarified. The concept of the vector potential of the electric field is introduced. It has been shown that the kinetic inductance of charges plays an equally important role in electrodynamics as the dielectric and magnetic permeability. A mathematical model of the dispersion of electromagnetic waves in conductors and dielectrics was developed using a physical value of dielectric permittivity, which does not depend on frequency. It has been shown that transverse plasma resonance can exist in limited plasma. The concept of kinetic capacity is introduced. A new method for deriving a wave equation is provided. By recording the induction equations using the substantive derivative, their symmetrical form was obtained. Is introduced the scalar- vector potential, in which the scalar potential of charge and its field they depend on speed. From the symmetrical laws of induction within the framework of Galileo transformations, field transformations were obtained during the transition from one inertial reference system to another, called Mende transformations.

The monograph contains 6 sections. In the first of them the role of the kinetic inductance of electrons is examined, it is shown that this parameter has not less important significance, than the dielectric and magnetic constant of medium, although it enters into all equations implicitly. In the second division the new type of interferometer with the mechanical division of laser beam, invented by the author of monograph, is examined. The insolvency of the conversions of Lorenz and second postulate of the special theory of relativity is shown with the aid of this interferometer. The third division is dedicated to the examination of the induction and parametric property of radio-technical elements and chains, and also the property of charges and them flows. In the fourth division the construction of the unipolar generator of Mende is represented, and the results of his experimental study are given. The fifth section examines the main problems of modern physics and identifies ways to solve them. The sixth section shows the original charge multiplication scheme.