Bøger af George (ChemTec Publishing Wypych

Encyclopedia of Polymer and Rubber Additives documents how polymer properties and performance can be improved through the use of additives, resulting in enhanced physical properties, stability, improved process and assembly, extended shelf life, enhanced purity, and minimized environmental impact. 88 groups of additives used by all segments of the polymer and rubber industries are included, with each group discussed in a systematic manner in order to facilitate easy information retrieval and comparison. Typical chemical structures, mechanisms of action, influences and interferences in complex formulations, and evidence of performance from experimental studies are each featured, with frequent references to monographic sources for even more in-depth knowledge of the subject. The companion volume, Databook of the Most Important Polymer and Rubber Additives is also available. It contains robust technical data on the most essential additives currently in use, and the two books are must-have references for anyone working with rubbers and plastics.

Handbook of Rheological Additives covers how these additives are commonly applied in a wide range of industries, providing readers with information on over 300 organic and inorganic additives. This information is presented in individual tables for each product, whether commercial or generic. Data is divided into General Information, Physical Properties, Health and Safety, Ecological Properties, Use and Performance. Sections cover their state, odor, color, bulk density, density, specific gravity, relative density, boiling point, melting point, pour point, decomposition temperature, glass transition temperature, refractive index, vapor pressure, vapor density, volume resistivity, relative permittivity, ash content, pH, viscosity, rheological behavior, and more. Other notations include updates on NFPA classification, HMIS classification, OSHA hazard class, UN Risk phrases, UN Safety phrases, UN/NA class, DOT class, ADR/RIC class, ICAO/IATA class, IMDG class, packaging group, shipping name, food approvals, autoignition temperature, self-accelerating decomposition temperature, flash point, TLV ACGIH, NIOSH and OSHA, maximum exposure concentration IDLH, animal testing oral-rat, rabbit-dermal, mouse-oral, guinea pig-dermal, rat-dermal, rat-inhalation, mouse-inhalation, ingestion and skin and eye irritation.

Databook of Impact Modifiers provides key information on how to modify structure and morphology, improve mechanical performance, and prevent changes during the use of polymeric products through proper selection of impact modifiers. The book brings analyses of important publications found in open and patent literature, with special attention given to recent findings that have brought many new essential developments. Sections cover an analysis of chemical origin and related properties of impact modifiers, which are analyzed in general terms to highlight the differences in their properties. This handbook contains the essential theoretical knowledge required for proper selection and use of impact modifiers, including their morphological structure and distribution in a polymer matrix, the effect of polymer crystallization in the presence of and without impact modifiers, important influences on impact modification, mechanisms of modification, and effective methods of incorporation of impact modifiers.

Handbook of Impact Modifiers provides key information on how to modify structure and morphology, improve mechanical performance, and prevent changes during the use of polymeric products through proper selection of impact modifiers. The book brings analyses of important publications found in open and patent literature, with special attention given to recent findings that have brought many new essential developments. Sections cover an analysis of chemical origin and related properties of impact modifiers, which are analyzed in general terms to highlight the differences in their properties. This handbook contains the essential theoretical knowledge required for proper selection and use of impact modifiers, including their morphological structure and distribution in a polymer matrix, the effect of polymer crystallization in the presence of and without impact modifiers, important influences on impact modification, mechanisms of modification, and effective methods of incorporation of impact modifiers.

Self-Healing Materials: Principles and Technology, Second Edition provides engineers and researchers in both industry and academia the information they need to deploy self-healing technology in a range of potential applications, from adhesives to the automotive industry, and from electronics to biomedical implants. Sections discuss the principal mechanisms of self-healing and how these are applied to the development of materials that have the ability to repair themselves, either with minimal or no human intervention. In addition, the book provides a theoretical background and a review of the major research undertaken to date, providing a thorough grounding in this concept and related technology. Other sections compare the parameters of different self-healing technological processes, such as fault detection mechanisms, methods of triggering and turning off the healing processes, the activation energy of self-healing processes, the means and methods of delivery of the healing substances to the defect locations, self-healing timescale (rate of self-healing), and the extent of self-healing (healing efficiency, recovery of properties, etc.). In addition, mathematical modeling of the processes of self-healing (molecular dynamics simulation), the morphology of healed areas, and other important topics are thoroughly discussed.

Handbook of Flame Retardants contains an extensive evaluation of the existing literature, products and patents related to flame retardance. As a perfect complement to The Databook of Flame Retardants, this book explains the roles, selection, mechanisms of action, use in different polymers and products, and health and environmental issues of over 350 different products. Chapters highlight the fundamentals of material burning and the associated stages of heat, flame and smoke, properties and mechanisms, and preventive, delaying and extinguishing attributes of 27 chemical groups of flame retardants. Examples of synergistic and antagonistic actions of various additives are discussed next, along with testing methods. The book concludes with chapters providing guidance on optimal selection of flame retardants for various polymers and information on the toxicity of flame retardants and their effects on the environment.

Handbook of Antioxidants provides a wealth of information on the mechanics, practical effects and applications of a wide range of antioxidants. The book starts by introducing the general concepts relating to antioxidants and their application, then segues into a discussion on existing natural and synthetic antioxidants, characterizing their general properties and application. Formation and action of oxidizing species in living organisms, ambient air, industrial environments, and chemical reactions are covered next. Subsequent chapters cover the theories and mechanisms of stabilization, performance indicators, antioxidant selection, degradation and stabilization of different polymers and rubbers, specific effects on other components of formulation, and analytical methods. This book is an excellent companion to the Databook of Antioxidants which has also been published recently. Both books supplement each other without repeating the same information ¿ one contains data another theory, mechanisms of action, practical effects and implications of application.

Handbook of Curatives and Crosslinkers, Second Edition presents the mechanisms of action of these additives, methods of their use, their effects on the properties of transformed products, as well as their applications. The book outlines the most-recent information on additives that convert soluble monomers, prepolymers, or polymers to insoluble polymer networks commonly known as thermosetting polymers. Chapters cover the common use of curatives in many industrial products manufactured in large scale, such as adhesives, sealants, coatings, inks, explosives, propellants and foams, and in emerging products such as optoelectronics, light-emitting diodes, shape memory polymers, and more. In addition, crosslinkers used in typical industrial processing methods, such as solar cells, vulcanization, adhesives, foams, and roofing are covered. Each section presents the effect of the additive, including an evaluation of its chemical and physical properties. Also available is the complementary Databook of Curatives and Crosslinkers, Second Edition, which provides information on both the commercial and generic chemical products used as curatives and crosslinkers.

Graphene: Important Results and Applications provides an overview on the latest research in graphene production and applications. The most advanced methods of production, including chemical vapor deposition, reduction of graphene oxide, and detonation reaction are explored, as is current research results on the unique nature of graphene and its types, including morphology and thickness, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, elastic properties of 2D and 3D structures, and more. Chapters covering the dispersion of graphene into the polymer matrix and chemical modifications and their potential applications are also featured. The book concludes with sections focusing on current and future applications. Provides an extensive account on the latest research in methods of production of graphene and its derivativesCovers commercial manufacture, research results, property data and cutting-edge applicationsDiscusses methods of incorporation in graphene products, chemical modifications and projected future uses

Databook of Surface Modification Additives contains data on 7 groups of additives, including anti-scratch and mar-preventing additives, gloss enhancement and surface matting additives, additives for formation of tack-free surface and tackifiers, and stain inhibiting additives. The information on each adhesion promoter is divided into five sections, including General Information, Physical Properties, Health and Safety, Ecological Properties and Use and Performance. This databook will be an extremely useful source of data for engineers, researchers and technicians interested in using additives to modify and improve the surface properties of materials. Provides detailed, up-to-date, essential data on 7 groups of additivesCovers general information, physical-chemical properties, health and safety, ecological properties and use and performanceIncludes recommendations for specific products, applications, processing methods and the concentration used

Handbook of Surface Improvement and Modification contains information on several groups of additives and the modification processes which determine the surface properties of many materials. These additives can modify or improve scratch and mar resistance, improve gloss or flatten the surface, increase or decrease tack and inhibit staining. The mechanisms of damage, protection and property improvements are also discussed, making this an essential handbook for engineers, researchers and technicians interested in using additives to modify and improve the surface properties of materials. A companion book entitled Databook of Surface Modification Additives has also been published. It contains information and data on the additives commercially available to improve materials by the above-listed modifications. Both books do not repeat information. In this book, the focus is on the methods and mechanisms which are known to be responsible for the enhancement of material properties with the use of additives. Focuses on the improvement of surface properties, with detailed coverage of the additives used, including the process of selection and examples of applicationPresents the mechanisms of damage, protection and property improvements based on research dataAids the user in formulating products that fit specific requirements and applications

Provides comprehensive information on material weathering for over forty families of polymers. This book presents discussions on formulating mechanisms of degradation, effect of thermal processes, present characteristic changes in properties, and tables of available numerical data.

Plasticizers are vital to the plastics industry, particularly in improving the properties of materials such as PVC. The Handbook of Plasticizers, now in its third edition, is an essential professional reference, providing information that enables R&D scientists, production chemists and engineers the information they need to use plasticizers more effectively, and to avoid certain plasticizers in applications where they may cause health or material durability problems. Plasticizers are commonly added to complex mixtures containing a variety of materials, so successful incorporation requires a broad understanding of the mechanisms of plasticizer action, and compatibility with different materials and blends. There is a large selection of commercial plasticizers, and various environmental issues which impact on selection decisions. The book discusses new and historical approaches to the use of plasticizers, which explain mechanisms of plasticizers'' action and their behavior in plasticized systems. It goes into detail on the use of plasticizers in a range of specific polymers, polymer blends, and other industrial products. This includes coverage of the impact of plasticizers on processing. George Wypych provides the data and knowhow from the most recent sources and updated information required by engineers and scientists working in the plastics industry and the many industry sectors that use plastics in their products. The book covers the uses, advantages, and disadvantages of plasticizers, historical and theoretical background, their effects on process conditions, and health, safety, and environmental issues. Enables materials scientists, chemists and engineers to use plasticizers more effectively, and avoid health and safety or performance risksIncludes detailed coverage of the impact of plasticizers on polymers, and processing methodsProvides the broad background of information required to select the correct plasticizer for any application