Bøger af Khadra Faraoun

Non-endocrine tumors of the sellar region can extend in all directions, and particularly supra sellar, where they are responsible for a chiasmatic syndrome plus or minus intracranial hypertension, or even neuropsychic disorders, which is why they are so serious and so difficult to manage.A distinction is made between tumors of the posthypophysis, known as pituicytomas, which develop from specialized glial cells of the posthypophysis, and dysgenetic tumors arising from remnants of the pharyngo-pituitary duct, such as craniopharyngiomas, histologically benign, but locally invasive, sellar or supra-sellar tumors [3], Rathke's pouch cysts, most often discovered on imaging, and non-dysgenetic tumors (meningiomas, chordomas, lipomas), are much rarer.In this booklet, intended for medical students, residents and specialists in Endocrinology, Pediatrics, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Oncology and Radiotherapy, we address the clinico-radiological and therapeutic aspects of non-endocrine pituitary tumors.

Os tumores não endócrinos da região selar podem estender-se em todas as direcções e, sobretudo, supra-selar, onde são responsáveis por uma síndrome quiasmática com ou sem hipertensão intracraniana, ou mesmo por perturbações neuropsíquicas, razão pela qual são tão graves e difíceis de tratar.Distinguem-se os tumores da pós-hipófise, denominados pituitomas, que se desenvolvem a partir de células gliais especializadas da pós-hipófise, e os tumores disgenéticos que se desenvolvem a partir de restos do ducto faringo-hipofisário, incluindo os craniofaringiomas, um tumor histologicamente benigno mas localmente invasivo da região selar ou supra-selar [3], os quistos da bolsa de Rathke, mais frequentemente descobertos por imagiologia, e os tumores não disgenéticos (meningiomas, cordomas, lipomas) são muito mais raros.Esta brochura destina-se aos estudantes de medicina, aos internos e aos especialistas em endocrinologia, pediatria, neurologia, neurocirurgia, oncologia e radioterapia e aborda os aspectos clínico-radiológicos e terapêuticos dos tumores hipofisários não endócrinos.

I tumori non endocrini della regione sellare possono estendersi in tutte le direzioni e in particolare in quella sovra sellare, dove sono responsabili di una sindrome chiasmatica con o senza ipertensione intracranica, o addirittura di disturbi neuropsichici, motivo per cui sono così gravi e difficili da trattare.Si distingue tra i tumori della postfisi, noti come pituicitomi, che si sviluppano da cellule gliali specializzate della postfisi, e i tumori disgenetici che derivano da resti del dotto faringo-ipofisario, tra cui i craniofaringiomi, un tumore istologicamente benigno ma localmente invasivo della regione sellare o soprasellare [3], le cisti della sacca di Rathke, spesso scoperte con la diagnostica per immagini, e i tumori non disgenetici (meningiomi, cordomi, lipomi) sono molto più rari.Questo opuscolo si rivolge a studenti di medicina, specializzandi e specialisti in endocrinologia, pediatria, neurologia, neurochirurgia, oncologia e radioterapia e tratta gli aspetti clinico-radiologici e terapeutici dei tumori ipofisari non endocrini.

Nicht endokrine Tumoren der Sella-Region können sich in alle Richtungen ausbreiten und besonders supra-sella, wo sie für ein chiasmatisches Syndrom plus oder minus einer intrakraniellen Hypertension oder sogar für neuropsychische Störungen verantwortlich sind, was ihre Schwere und die Schwierigkeit ihrer Behandlung ausmacht.Man unterscheidet zwischen Tumoren der Posthypophyse, die als Pituicytome bezeichnet werden und sich aus spezialisierten Gliazellen der Posthypophyse entwickeln, und dysgenetischen Tumoren, die von Resten des pharyngo-hypophysären Kanals herrühren und das Kraniopharyngeom umfassen, Histologisch gutartiger, aber lokal invasiver Tumor, Sella oder Suprasellare [3], Zysten der Rathke-Tasche, die meist durch bildgebende Verfahren entdeckt werden, und nicht dysgenetische Tumoren (Meningiome, Chordome, Lipome), sind wesentlich seltener.In diesem Heft für Medizinstudenten, Assistenzärzte und Fachärzte für Endokrinologie, Pädiatrie, Neurologie, Neurochirurgie, Onkologie und Strahlentherapie behandeln wir die klinisch-radiologischen und therapeutischen Aspekte der nicht endokrinen Hypophysentumoren.

Les tumeurs de la région sellaire correspondent aux processus généralement bénins histologiquement, se développant aux dépens des structures et éléments de la loge sellaire. Ces tumeurs sont généralement subdivisées en tumeurs glandulaires ou tumeurs neuro endocrines hypophysaires ou adénomes hypophysaires et en tumeurs non endocrines ou non adénomateuses, développées au dépend des autres structures comme les méninges (méningiomes), la paroi sellaire (chordomes), les cellules adipeuses (lipomes) et vasculaires. A tout ceci peuvent se rajouter les anomalies inflammatoires et/ou infiltratives, ainsi que les processus infectieux de tout genre. Ces différents types de tumeurs sont le reflet de la complexité anatomique de cette région. Elles peuvent être sporadiques ou d¿origine génétique. Leur présentation clinique dépend de leur localisation et de l¿existence ou non d¿une production hormonale excessive. Nous aborderons dans ce livret destiné aux étudiants en Médecine, résidents et spécialistes en Endocrinologie, Pédiatrie, les aspects clinico-radiologiques et thérapeutiques des tumeurs hypophysaires non endocrines.

Pituitary tumors correspond to processes, generally histologically benign, developing at the expense of the structures and elements of the pituitary gland. These tumors are generally subdivided into glandular (endocrine) tumors called pituitary neuroendocrine tumors or pituitary adenomas (PA) and those developed at the expense of other structures, non-endocrine, such as meninges (meningiomas), sellar wall (chordomas), embryonic remnants (such as craniopharyngiomas), fat cells (lipomas) and vascular. These different types of tumors reflect the anatomical complexity of this region. They can be sporadic or of genetic origin. Their clinical presentation depends on their location and the existence or not of excessive hormonal production.This book discusses the diagnostic strategy and therapeutic approach for each type of pituitary tumor.