Bøger af Klaus Mainzer

Artificial intelligence is a key technology with great expectations in science, industry, and everyday life. This book discusses both the perspectives and the limitations of this technology. This concerns the practical, theoretical, and conceptual challenges that AI has to face. In an early phase of symbolic AI, AI focused on formal programs (e.g., expert systems), in which rule-based knowledge was processed with the help of symbolic logic. Today, AI is dominated by statistics-based machine learning methods and Big Data. While this sub-symbolic AI is extremely successful (e.g., chatbots like ChatGPT), it is often not transparent. The book argues for explainable and reliable AI, in which the logical and mathematical foundations of AI-algorithms become understandable and verifiable.

Everybody knows them. Smartphones that talk to us, wristwatches that record our health data, workflows that organize themselves automatically, cars, airplanes and drones that control themselves, traffic and energy systems with autonomous logistics or robots that explore distant planets are technical examples of a networked world of intelligent systems. Machine learning is dramatically changing our civilization. We rely more and more on efficient algorithms, because otherwise we will not be able to cope with the complexity of our civilizing infrastructure. But how secure are AI algorithms? This challenge is taken up in the 2nd edition: Complex neural networks are fed and trained with huge amounts of data (big data). The number of necessary parameters explodes exponentially. Nobody knows exactly what is going on in these "black boxes". In machine learning we need more explainability and accountability of causes and effects in order to be able to decide ethicaland legal questions of responsibility (e.g. in autonomous driving or medicine)! Besides causal learning, we also analyze procedures of tests and verification to get certified AI-programs. Since its inception, AI research has been associated with great visions of the future of mankind. It is already a key technology that will decide the global competition of social systems. "Artificial Intelligence and Responsibility" is another central supplement to the 2nd edition: How should we secure our individual liberty rights in the AI world? This book is a plea for technology design: AI must prove itself as a service in society.

Jeder kennt sie. Smartphones, die mit uns sprechen, Armbanduhren, die unsere Gesundheitsdaten aufzeichnen, Arbeitsablaufe, die sich automatisch organisieren, Autos, Flugzeuge und Drohnen, die sich selber steuern, Verkehrs- und Energiesysteme mit autonomer Logistik oder Roboter, die ferne Planeten erkunden, sind technische Beispiele einer vernetzten Welt intelligenter Systeme. Sie zeigen uns, dass unser Alltag bereits von KI-Funktionen bestimmt ist. Auch biologische Organismen sind Beispiele von intelligenten Systemen, die in der Evolution entstanden und mehr oder weniger selbststandig Probleme effizient losen konnen. Gelegentlich ist die Natur Vorbild fur technische Entwicklungen. Haufig finden Informatik und Ingenieurwissenschaften jedoch Losungen, die sogar besser und effizienter sind als in der Natur. Seit ihrer Entstehung ist die KI-Forschung mit groen Visionen uber die Zukunft der Menschheit verbunden. Lost die kunstliche Intelligenz"e; also den Menschen ab? Dieses Buch ist ein Pladoyer fur Technikgestaltung: KI muss sich als Dienstleistung in der Gesellschaft bewahren.

Going beyond the numerical experiments of Steven Wolfram, this book argues that cellular automata must be considered complex dynamical systems in their own right, requiring appropriate analytical models in order to find precise answers and predictions in the universe of cellular automata.

From the attempts of early astronomers to reconcile solar and lunar and terrestrial reckonings, to the huge expansions and contractions of time consciousness brought on by scientists as diverse as Newton, Darwin, and Einstein, this book shows how time is as much a matter of human choice as it is a matter of scientific precision.

This new edition also treats smart materials and artificial life. A new chapter on information and computational dynamics takes up many recent discussions in the community.