Bøger af Leo Wiener

2023 Reprint of the 1922 Edition. Full facsimile of the original edition and not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software. This volume comprises volume II in this three-volume series. Professor Wiener, in this second volume of his series Africa and the Discovery of America, deals exhaustively with the documentary information relating to "the presence in America of cotton, tobacco and shell money, before the discovery of America by Columbus. . . The accumulative evidence is overwhelmingly in favor of an introduction of the articles under discussion from Africa by European or Negro traders, decades earlier than 1492." (Foreword, p. ix.) The importance, for the history of Pre-Columbian civilization, of these discoveries cannot be overestimated. Moreover, their significance is not concerned alone with the history of America. They suggest a revision and realignment of historical frontiers in Europe and Africa as well, from a date not later than the first quarter of the fifteenth century. Lastly, Africa and the Discovery of America forms, as it were, a sequel to Professor Wiener's previous scholarship, enabling the historian to trace the influence of the Arabs as the torchbearers of civilization. It was they who in the eighth century, through the medium of the Spanish Mozarabs, recreated European culture, and at a later period, through that of the Arab-Black cultures, of whom the West African Mandingoes were the most important, at least almost entirely recreated, if they did not actually create, the civilization of the native American tribes, throughout both continents, and planted, so to speak, in the New World, the seeds of two great modern industries, cotton and tobacco.

Leo Wiener's fascinating study connects Central American linguistics and words with those of African tribes, and the Europeans who first explored the New World.Wiener seeks to demonstrate many apparent cultural connections between various tribes in Africa, and those of Central and North America. It was the author's view that the Americas were visited and colonized by African peoples long before Christopher Columbus made his famous voyages in the 1490s. In advancing his theories, Wiener illustrates a variety of similarities - the tribal artworks and craftsmanship, their manner of dress, and their methods of communication are variously described.Much of this work surrounds the journals of Columbus's voyages; their descriptions and parallels drawn between the New World tribes and those of Africa. Being as these sources constitute the first accounts of a European author who traversed the Atlantic Ocean, they serve as Wiener's primary basis. However, to reinforce his ideas of connections between tribes separated by the ocean, Wiener cites numerous other books published across the centuries. Thus the enquiry brims with interesting comparisons and anecdotes of primitive cultures.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.