Bøger af MAHMO ALIOFKHAZRAEI

During the past few years, scientists have achieved significant successes in nanoscience and technology. Nanotechnology is a branch of science that deals with fine structures and materials with very small dimensions - less than 100 nm. The composite science and technology have also benefits from nanotechnology. This book collects new developments about diamond and carbon composites and nanocomposites and their use in manufacturing technology.

During the past years, scientists have achieved significant success in the nanoscience and nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is a field of applied sciences which is focused on design, production, detection, and employing the nano-size materials, pieces, and equipment. Advances in nanotechnology lead to improvement of tools and equipment as well as their application in everyday life. In the chemistry this size involves the range of colloids, micelles, polymer molecules, and structures such as very large molecules or dense accumulation of the molecules. In physics of electrical engineering, the nanoscience is strongly related to quantum behaviour or electrons behaviour in structures with nano sizes. Also, in biology and biochemistry, there are interesting cellular components and molecular structures. This book collects new developments about nanoparticles.

Graphene is proving to be the magic material of the 21th century. It is widely accepted that it is the strongest material ever studied and can be an efficient substitute for silicon. Besides, fascinating properties of graphene, such as the highest electrical conductivity among the discovered substances, have dramatically shocked science and technology world. Graphene is a carbon based layer with high atomic density. Its extraordinary characteristics such as extremely high mechanical strength, hardness, and adjustable thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as excellent surface and optical feature through chemical marking, have received great deal of attention by many researchers. This book collects new advances of this interesting nanomaterial.

Surface engineering can be defined as an enabling technology used in a wide range of industrial activities. Surface engineering was founded by detecting surface features which destroy most of pieces, e.g. abrasion, corrosion, fatigue, and disruption; then it was recognized, more than ever, that most technological advancements are constrained with surface requirements. In a wide range of industry (such as gas and oil exploitation, mining, and manufacturing), the surfaces generate an important problem in technological advancement. Passing time shows us new interesting methods in surface engineering. These methods usually apply to enhance the surface properties, e.g. wear rate, fatigue, abrasion, and corrosion resistance. This book collects some of new methods in surface engineering.

The electroplating was widely used to electrodeposit the nanostructures because of its relatively low deposition temperature, low cost and controlling the thickness of the coatings. With advances in electronics and microprocessor, the amount and form of the electrodeposition current applied can be controlled. The pulse electrodeposition has the interesting advantages such as higher current density application, higher efficiency and more variable parameters compared to direct current density. This book collects new developments about electroplating and its use in nanotechnology.