Bøger af Masoud Mahdavi

Strukturelle Kontrollsysteme werden im Bauwesen eingesetzt, um Schäden zu minimieren und Energie abzubauen, die durch dynamische Umweltbelastungen in Bauwerken entstehen. Diese Kontrollmethoden lassen sich in vier Gruppen einteilen: passive Kontrolle, aktive Kontrolle, semi-aktive Kontrolle und hybride Kontrolle. Strukturelle Kontrollsysteme können in zwei Hauptkategorien eingeteilt werden: passiv und aktiv. Passive Systeme benötigen keine externe Energie oder Rückkopplung, um zu funktionieren, und verlassen sich auf die inhärenten Eigenschaften der Struktur oder auf zusätzliche Vorrichtungen, um Schwingungen zu zerstreuen oder zu reduzieren.

Les systèmes de contrôle structurel sont utilisés en génie civil pour minimiser les dommages et dissiper l'énergie causée par les charges environnementales dynamiques dans les structures. Ces méthodes de contrôle peuvent être classées en quatre groupes : contrôle passif, contrôle actif, contrôle semi-actif et contrôle hybride. Les systèmes de contrôle structurel peuvent être classés en deux catégories principales : les systèmes passifs et les systèmes actifs. Les systèmes passifs ne nécessitent pas d'alimentation externe ou de retour d'information pour fonctionner, et s'appuient sur les propriétés inhérentes de la structure ou sur des dispositifs supplémentaires pour dissiper ou réduire les vibrations.

Os sistemas de controlo estrutural são utilizados na engenharia civil para minimizar os danos e dissipar a energia causada por cargas ambientais dinâmicas nas estruturas. Estes métodos de controlo podem ser classificados em quatro grupos: controlo passivo, controlo ativo, controlo semi-ativo e controlo híbrido. Os sistemas de controlo estrutural podem ser classificados em duas categorias principais: passivos e activos. Os sistemas passivos não necessitam de energia externa ou de feedback para funcionar e dependem das propriedades inerentes da estrutura ou de dispositivos adicionais para dissipar ou reduzir as vibrações.

I sistemi di controllo strutturale sono utilizzati nell'ingegneria civile per minimizzare i danni e dissipare l'energia causata dai carichi ambientali dinamici nelle strutture. Questi metodi di controllo possono essere classificati in quattro gruppi: controllo passivo, controllo attivo, controllo semiattivo e controllo ibrido. I sistemi di controllo strutturale possono essere classificati in due categorie principali: passivi e attivi. I sistemi passivi non richiedono alimentazione o feedback esterni per funzionare e si affidano alle proprietà intrinseche della struttura o a dispositivi aggiuntivi per dissipare o ridurre le vibrazioni.

Structural control systems are used in civil engineering to minimize damage and dissipate energy caused by dynamic environmental loads in structures. These control methods can be classified into four groups: passive control, active control, semi-active control, and hybrid control. Structural control systems can be classified into two main categories: passive and active. Passive systems do not require external power or feedback to operate, and rely on the inherent properties of the structure or additional devices to dissipate or reduce vibrations.

The start of the Iraqi Baath regime's nationwide invasions of Iran in 1359 began with the bombing of Tehran and 19 other cities in Iran, and after that, dozens of Iraqi infantry and armored divisions entered Iran through border routes, and extensive military activities and operations took place in Iran. West, North-West and South regions of Iran did. Iraqi forces in the early days of the imposed war; In the north-western fronts, i.e., Kurdistan and Azerbaijan, due to the active presence of Iranian military forces, they only limited themselves to strengthening fortifications and occupying a few important border heights.

Holy Defense is a term used to refer to the war waged by the Iraqi Ba'ath Party against the Islamic Republic of Iran. The beginning of the end of those eight years of zealous men and women of Iran with faith, guardianship, insight and martyrdom, at the same time fought against a world of infidelity and arrogance and sacrificed thousands of martyrs and veterans to the revolution; But they did not tolerate a single inch of their homeland under the boots of the usurping enemy. After victory of the Islamic Revolution, the differences between Iran and Iraq intensified.