Bøger af Maurice Godelier

Pourquoi mourir? Comment survivre? De la naissance a la mort, c'est par le corps, c'est dans l'habitacle du corps que l'homme se situe dand l'unvers et fair l'expereince de ses congeneres. A l'occasion des rite de passage notamemnt, c'est par le coprps que la societe revendique l'individu comme sien, at c'est sure son corps qu'elle inscrit cette appartenance. Mais nulle branche de la famille humaine ne s'est jamais resignee aux limites naturelles que le corps assignait aux experiences vecues ou aux transformations subies par sa matiere jusqu'a la mort incluse. Toujours at partout on a imagine une ou plusieurs entites qui asurent la continuite de la personne a travers le temps et en illuminent le traits: ame, ombre, double, esprit, etc. Les noms variet, le metaphores aussi. Comment de telles entites accompagnent le corps, le forifient, s'en detachent ou se dressent contre lui, c'est ce que chaque culture a codifie a sa maniere par des pratiques que nous nommons par exemple- epreuves initiatiques, actes de sorcellerie, possession, ou cannibalisme. Tant at si bien que le corps agresse, possed, supplicie, cannibalise, devient en retour un moyen prvilegie d'analyser les cultures. Aux ethnologues at aux historiens de le mettre en oeuvre et de l'ecouter. Neuf d'entre eux se sont attaches a le faire dans des textes nourris de recherches menees en Asie, en Amerique du Sud, en Afrique at en Oceanie.

Is anthropology simply a continuation of colonial domination and cultural imperialism by other means, or has it--since its nineteenth-century rebirth as a purportedly scientific discipline--produced reliable knowledge about the cultures it studies? Is anthropology a mirror--which reflects only the preoccupations of the (Western) anthropologist--or a window, through which it is possible to see, though not with the same eyes as their members, other cultures? Deriving from the 2002 Page-Barbour Lectures delivered by the French anthropologist Maurice Godelier at the University of Virginia, and supplemented by additional lectures and articles by the author, In and Out of the West addresses a series of fundamental topics and issues in social anthropology--including family, kinship, and the construction of the self. He particularly emphasizes the strategic role of political-religious relations in the construction of societies and social life. Godelier places social anthropology in its historical perspective, with its origins in the West and, more particularly, colonialism, while also arguing that it has to some extent transcended its origins, achieving a measure of scientific objectivity and validity that cannot be reduced to a continuation of the colonial project. A final chapter, reflecting his experience as the first head of the science department of the new Quai Branly anthropological museum in Paris, discusses issues surrounding the presentation of nonwestern cultural artifacts to a Western general public.

Exploring the role of the incest prohibition in human societies

Frontmatter -- AVANT-PROPOS. un domaine contesté : l'anthropologie économique -- PREMIÈRE PARTIE: l'héritage du 19e siècle -- Formes qui précèdent la production capitaliste (1858) -- Le droit archaïque (1861) -- Les effets de l'observation de l'Inde sur la pensée européenne moderne (1875) -- Le développement de l'idée de propriété (1877) -- DEUXIÈME PARTIE : ruptures et controverses -- Un évolutionnisme appauvri: -- Stades de l'évolution économique (1893) -- De l'enquête sur le terrain à la rupture avec l'évolutionnisme -- L'économie primitive des îles Trobriand (1921) -- L'approche formaliste: -- Théories de la maximisation et anthropologie économique -- Théorie économique et anthropologie économique -- L'approche substantiviste: -- L'économie en tant que procès institutionnalisé -- Théorie économique et société primitive -- La controverse entre formalistes et substantivistes en anthropologie économique : réflexions sur ses implications les plus générales -- Néo-évolutionnisme ou marxisme? -- L'économie tribale -- La paysannerie et ses problèmes -- TROISIÈME PARTIE: anthropologie et économie : un bilan critique -- Anthropologie et économie une anthropologie économique est-elle possible? -- Bibliographie -- Table des matières -- Backmatter

With marriage in decline, divorce on the rise, the demise of the nuclear family, and the increase in marriages and adoptions among same-sex partners, it is clear that the structures of kinship in the modern West are in a state of flux.In The Metamorphoses of Kinship, the world-renowned anthropologist Maurice Godelier contextualizes these developments, surveying the accumulated experience of humanity with regard to such phenomena as the organization of lines of descent, sexuality and sexual prohibitions. In parallel, Godelier studies the evolution of Western conjugal and familial traditions from their roots in the nineteenth century to the present. The conclusion he draws is that it is never the case that a man and a woman are sufficient on their own to raise a child, and nowhere are relations of kinship or the family the keystone of society.Godelier argues that the changes of the last thirty years do not herald the disappearance or death agony of kinship, but rather its remarkable metamorphosisone that, ironically, is bringing us closer to the ';traditional' societies studied by ethnologists.

Exploring the close relationship between the real, the symbolic and imaginary

One of the world's leading anthropologists assesses the work of the founder of structural anthropology

Godelier discusses both the power that certain men (the Great men) have over others through their control of war, shamanism, hunting, and rites of initiation, as well as the extraordinary power and domination that men in general exert over women.