Bøger af Osama Mohammed Elmardi

Das Diplom in Maschinenbau und Produktionstechnik wurde in Zusammenarbeit zwischen dem Leeds Polytechnic in Großbritannien und dem Mechanical Engineering College Atbara im Sudan unter der Schirmherrschaft des British Council entwickelt. Das Mechanical Engineering College Atbara bietet seit 1971 einen dreijährigen Studiengang in Maschinenbau an. Der derzeitige Studiengang ist eine logische Weiterentwicklung des früheren Studiengangs und verfolgt als übergeordnetes Ziel die Ausbildung von Technikern auf einem Niveau praktischer und akademischer Kompetenz, das mit dem in Westeuropa vergleichbar ist und den besonderen Bedürfnissen des Sudan entspricht.Die Fakultät für Ingenieurwesen und Technologie wurde 1971 unter dem Namen "Institute of Mechanical Engineering Technicians" (IMET) gegründet, mit dem Hauptziel, dem Land hochqualifizierte Ingenieurtechniker zur Verfügung zu stellen, die einen wirksamen Beitrag zur industriellen Entwicklung und zur Deckung des steigenden Bedarfs an Maschinenbautechnikern leisten können.Im Jahr 1976 wurde das IMET in "Mechanical Engineering College Atbara" (MECA) umbenannt und vergab weiterhin dreijährige Ingenieurdiplome in Maschinenbau mit den Schwerpunkten Energie und Produktion.

Il diploma in ingegneria meccanica e della produzione è stato sviluppato in collaborazione tra il Politecnico di Leeds (Regno Unito) e il Mechanical Engineering College Atbara (Sudan), sotto gli auspici del British Council. Il Mechanical Engineering College Atbara offre un corso triennale di ingegneria meccanica dal 1971. L'attuale corso è uno sviluppo logico del precedente e mantiene come obiettivo generale la formazione di tecnici ingegneri a un livello di competenza pratica e accademica compatibile con quello dell'Europa occidentale e in grado di soddisfare le particolari esigenze del Sudan.La Facoltà di Ingegneria e Tecnologia è stata istituita nel 1971 con il nome di "Istituto dei Tecnici di Ingegneria Meccanica" (IMET), con l'obiettivo principale di fornire al Paese tecnici di ingegneria di alto livello, in grado di contribuire efficacemente allo sviluppo industriale e alla crescente domanda di tecnici di ingegneria meccanica.Nel 1976 l'IMET è stato rinominato "Mechanical Engineering College Atbara" (MECA), e ha continuato a rilasciare diplomi di ingegneria della durata di 3 anni in ingegneria meccanica, nelle opzioni di potenza e produzione.

O diploma em engenharia mecânica e de produção foi desenvolvido no âmbito de uma cooperação entre o Leeds Polytechnic do Reino Unido e o Mechanical Engineering College Atbara do Sudão, sob os auspícios do British Council. O Colégio de Engenharia Mecânica de Atbara oferece um curso de 3 anos em engenharia mecânica desde 1971. Este curso atual é um desenvolvimento lógico do curso anterior e mantém como objetivo geral a formação de engenheiros técnicos a um nível de competência prática e académica compatível com o da Europa Ocidental e que satisfaça as necessidades específicas do Sudão.A Faculdade de Engenharia e Tecnologia foi criada em 1971 com o nome "Instituto de Técnicos de Engenharia Mecânica" (IMET), com o objetivo principal de fornecer ao país técnicos de engenharia de alto nível, que possam contribuir efetivamente para o desenvolvimento industrial e para a procura crescente de técnicos de engenharia mecânica.Em 1976, o IMET passou a designar-se "Escola Superior de Engenharia Mecânica de Atbara" (MECA), e continuou a conceder Diplomas de Engenharia com a duração de 3 anos em engenharia mecânica, em opções de energia e produção.

Many heat transfer problems are time dependent. Such unsteady or transient problems typically arise when the boundary conditions of a system are changed. For example, if the surface temperature of a system is altered, the temperature at each point in the system will also begin to change. The changes will continue to occur until a steady state temperature distribution is reached. Consider a hot metal billet that is removed from a furnace and exposed to a cool air stream. Energy is transferred by convection and radiation from its surface to the surroundings. Energy transfer by conduction also occurs from the interior of the metal to the surface, and the temperature at each point in the billet decreases until a steady state condition is reached. The final properties of the metal will depend significantly on the time - temperature history that results from heat transfer. Controlling the heat transfer is one key to fabricating new materials with enhanced properties. The author's objective in this textbook is to develop procedures for determining the time dependence of the temperature distribution within a solid during a transient process, as well as for determining heat transfer between the solid and its surroundings. The nature of the procedure depends on assumptions that may be made for the process. If, for example, temperature gradients within the solid may be neglected, a comparatively simple approach, termed the lumped capacitance method or negligible internal resistance theory, may be used to determine the variation of temperature with time. The entire book has been thoroughly revised and a large number of solved examples and additional unsolved problems have been added. This book contains comprehensive treatment of the subject matter in simple and direct language. The book comprises eight chapters. All chapters are saturated with much needed text supported and by simple and self-explanatory examples.

This book is suitable as a textbook for a first course on the Dynamic Relaxation technique in civil and mechanical engineering curricula. It can be used as a reference by engineers and scientists working in the industrial sector and in academic institutions. The first chapter includes an introduction to the Dynamic Relaxation method (DR) which is combined with the Finite Differences method (FD) for the sake of solving ordinary and partial differential equations, as a single equation or as a group of differential equations. In this chapter the dynamic relaxation equations are transformed to artificial dynamic space by adding damping and inertia effects. These are then expressed in finite difference form and the solution is obtained through iterations. The procedural steps in solving differential equations using the DR method were applied to the system of differential equations (i.e. ordinary and/or partial differential equations). The DR program performs the following operations: Reads data file; computes fictitious densities; computes velocities and displacements; checks stability of numerical computations; checks convergence of solution; and checks wrong convergence. At the end the Dynamic Relaxation numerical method coupled with the Finite Differences discretization technique is used to solve nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations. Subsequently, a FORTRAN program is developed to generate the numerical results as analytical and/or exact solutions.