Bøger af Thomas Stolz

For the first time place names are made the topic of a cross-linguistic account of morphosyntactic properties which formally distinguish place names from personal names and common nouns. It is shown that the behavior of place names in morphology and syntax frequently disagrees with the rules established for other word classes independent of the language's genetic affiliation, grammatical structure, and geographic location. Place names boast a grammar of their own. They are candidates for the status of a distinct word class. The special grammar of place names comes frequently to the fore in the domain of spatial relations. This fact is explained with reference to functional notions.

This in-depth areal-typological study analyzes the grammatical means which are employed in the languages of Europe to express the comparative of inequality/superiority. The extant theories and hypotheses about the morphosyntactic structure and the cross-linguistic distribution of construction types are reviewed. The behavior of comparatives under the conditions of language contact is discussed. Data from more than 170 standard and nonstandard varieties of European languages are scrutinized systematically. The synchronic picture is complemented by a chapter on the diachrony of comparative constructions. The European facts are compared to those of the geographically adjacent Asian and African regions. It is argued that cross-linguistic investigations must take account also of so-called secondary options. These secondary options suggest strongly that the supposedly dominant role of the particle comparative cannot be upheld for Europe. Moreover, only the secondary options allow us to draw isoglosses which cross the borders between Europe and Asia (and Africa).

In contrast to many other levels of language, there is as yet no comprehensive areal-linguistic description of the segmental phonological properties of the languages of Europe.To complement the synchronic picture of the languages of Europe, it is time to take stock of their phoneme inventories to provide an empirical basis for generalizations about the similarities and dissimilarities of the languages of Europe. The best way to visualize the areal phonology of Europe is that of the Phonological Atlas of Europe (Phon@Europe) which features the isoglosses of phonological phenomena on a plethora of maps. As a prequel to Phon@Europe, this study not only outlines the goals, methodology, sample, and theory of the project but also focuses on loan phonemes whose diffusion across the 210 doculects of the sample yields meaningful patterns. The patterns are indicative of recent processes of convergence which have transformed a diverse phonological mosaic into a superficially homogeneous linguistic area. The developments which have led to the present situation are traced back through the history of the sample languages.

Die Vergleichende Kolonialtoponomastik ist ein junger Zweig der Koloniallinguistik und befasst sich mit samtlichen Fragen, die sich auf Ortsnamen in kolonialen Kontexten beziehen. Koloniale Ortsnamen, sogenannte Kolonialtoponyme, bilden einen global verteilten und vielsprachigen Datenbestand, der bisher nicht hinreichend erforscht ist. Der Band zeigt anhand ausgewahlter Fallstudien und mit dem Anspruch, eine Einfuhrung in den Gegenstand zu geben, welche Bedeutung dem Forschungsfeld in der aktuellen Sprachwissenschaft zukommt. Dabei weist die Vergleichende Kolonialtoponomastik einerseits vielfache Schnittstellen zur Namenkunde uberhaupt auf und erweitert diese um einen zentralen Gegenstand der globalen Verflechtungsgeschichten, andererseits ist das Forschungsfeld als wichtiger Bezugspunkt koloniallinguistischer Interessen zu verstehen, weil die Benennung von Raum in Prozessen kolonialer Unterwerfung eine zentrale Herrschaftspraxis darstellt. Der Band zeigt, wie strukturelle, funktionale und diskursorientierte Perspektiven ineinandergreifen, um in linguistischer Perspektive der komplexen Vielfalt des globalkolonialen Toponmastikons entsprechen zu konnen..

'Studia typologica' ist der Titel der Beihefte zur Zeitschrift 'Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung/Language Typology and Universals (STUF)'. In den 'Studia typologica' werden Beitrage veroffentlicht, die den hochsten wissenschaftlichen Standards genugen und wissenschaftlich vielversprechende neue Themen im Bereich der allgemein-vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft ansprechen. Insbesondere empirisch gut fundierte Beitrage mit crosslinguistischer Orientierung, die neue Problemstellungen auf innovative Art prasentieren, sind in den 'Studia typologica' willkommen. Die Beiheftereihe unterstutzt nachdrucklich Studien zu weniger gut erforschten Sprachen und/oder Phanomenen. Von groem Interesse fur die 'Studia typologica' sind auch areal-typologische Arbeiten sowie Beitrage, die sich dem Zusammenspiel von Sprachkontakt und Sprachtypologie widmen. Die 'Studia typologica' sind theorie- und modellubergreifend als Forum fur typologisch ausgerichtete Forschungsarbeiten gedacht. Die Beihefte umfassen sowohl Monographien als auch thematisch homogene Sammelbande. Alle eingehenden Manuskripte werden begutachtet (double blind). Die Publikationssprache ist Englisch. 'Studia typological' is the companion series of the journal 'Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung/Language Typology and Universals (STUF)'. 'Studia typological' publishes scholarly studies of high quality dedicated to promising new topics in the realm of general-comparative linguistics. The series welcomes especially contributions which argue on a solid empirical foundation, have a cross-linguistic orientation and raise new issues which are addressed in innovative ways. The series encourages work on understudied languages and understudied phenomena. 'Studia typological' is interested also in areal-typological studies and research on the interface of language contact and language typology. 'Studia typological' is meant as a forum for typologically minded investigations independent of the school of thought the authors adhere to. Monographs as well as collections of articles (sharing a common theme) are published in this series. All manuscripts are peer-reviewed (double blind). The language of publication is English.

'Studia typologica' ist der Titel der Beihefte zur Zeitschrift 'Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung/Language Typology and Universals (STUF)'. In den 'Studia typologica' werden Beitrage veroffentlicht, die den hochsten wissenschaftlichen Standards genugen und wissenschaftlich vielversprechende neue Themen im Bereich der allgemein-vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft ansprechen. Insbesondere empirisch gut fundierte Beitrage mit crosslinguistischer Orientierung, die neue Problemstellungen auf innovative Art prasentieren, sind in den 'Studia typologica' willkommen. Die Beiheftereihe unterstutzt nachdrucklich Studien zu weniger gut erforschten Sprachen und/oder Phanomenen. Von groem Interesse fur die 'Studia typologica' sind auch areal-typologische Arbeiten sowie Beitrage, die sich dem Zusammenspiel von Sprachkontakt und Sprachtypologie widmen. Die 'Studia typologica' sind theorie- und modellubergreifend als Forum fur typologisch ausgerichtete Forschungsarbeiten gedacht. Die Beihefte umfassen sowohl Monographien als auch thematisch homogene Sammelbande. Alle eingehenden Manuskripte werden begutachtet (double blind). Die Publikationssprache ist Englisch. 'Studia typological' is the companion series of the journal 'Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung/Language Typology and Universals (STUF)'. 'Studia typological' publishes scholarly studies of high quality dedicated to promising new topics in the realm of general-comparative linguistics. The series welcomes especially contributions which argue on a solid empirical foundation, have a cross-linguistic orientation and raise new issues which are addressed in innovative ways. The series encourages work on understudied languages and understudied phenomena. 'Studia typological' is interested also in areal-typological studies and research on the interface of language contact and language typology. 'Studia typological' is meant as a forum for typologically minded investigations independent of the school of thought the authors adhere to. Monographs as well as collections of articles (sharing a common theme) are published in this series. All manuscripts are peer-reviewed (double blind). The language of publication is English.

This is the first book-length functional-typologically inspired crosslinguistic study of comitatives and related categories such as the instrumental. On the basis of data drawn from 400 languages world-wide (covering all major phyla and areas), the authors test and revise a variety of general linguistic hypotheses about the grammar and cognitive foundations of comitatives. Three types of languages are identified according to the morphological treatment of the comitative and its syncretistic association with other concepts. It is shown that the structural behaviour of comitatives is areally biassed and that the languages of Europe tend to diverge from the majority of the world's languages. This has important repercussions for a language-independent definition of the comitative. The supposed conceptual closeness of comitative and instrumental is discussed in some detail and a semantic map of the comitative is put forward. Markedness is the crucial concept for the evaluation of the relation that ties comitatives and instrumentals to each other. In a separate chapter, the diachrony of comitatives is looked into from the perspective of grammaticalisation research. Throughout the book, the argumentation is richly documented by empirical data. The book contains three case-studies of the comitative in Icelandic, Latvian and Maltese - each of which represents one of the three language types identified earlier in the text. For the purpose of comparing the languages of Europe, a chapter is devoted to the analysis of a large parallel literary corpus (covering 64 languages) which reveals that the parameters of genetic affiliation, areal location and typological classification interact in intricate ways when it comes to predicting whether or not two languages of the sample behave similarly as to the use to which they put their comitative morphemes. With a view to determining the degree of similarity between the languages of the European sub-sample, methods of quantitative typology are employed. General linguists with an interest in case, functional typologists, grammaticalisation researchers and experts of markedness issues will value this book as an important contribution to their respective fields of interest. We regret that, due to a PDF problem, the figure on page 111 is partly shown in black. Please find the correct table here.