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To study the effects of the vicinity of the event horizon on the orbit of a spacecraft is an essential and interesting task as a step towards the future space technology. The first half of the book will involve study on a test mass in proximity of the event horizon followed by extending the concepts on a whole spacecraft which will involve tidal forces.It is thought that while the technology may be considered to be far away, its essential to understand the effects of blackholes including the relativistic effects on the trajectories of spacecraft for planning interstellar missions. This book will enable astronauts, scientists and engineers to design future KBH missions in keeping with the time warps that are caused around the black hole. This book is especially recommended for undergraduate students in Astronomy and Aerospace Engineering Fields.
As a Rocket Scientist, I have worked on many research papers and textbooks, and they are sold across the world. I have especially worked on interstellar travel techniques and if you go to my website, you can see and read many of the research that I have worked on. However, I believe that the most important challenge ahead of us is exploring our solar system. I already have written books for several destinations in the solar system including Moon, Mars, Jupiter, and Europa.This book is the continuation of my Solar System series as it focuses on a mission to Neptune. In a way, Neptune is an interesting destination and unlocking the secrets of Neptune can pave the way for a greater understanding of our solar system and Earth. Neptune is an ice giant and its atmosphere made of hydrogen, helium with methane gives a special blue color to it. It's one of the most windiest planets in the solar system with winds having speeds over 2000 km/h. and it's the only planet that can't be seen with the naked eye. It is the coldest planet in the solar system and interestingly like Saturn it contains rings though they are not as prominent.I dedicate this book to pioneers of space Sergei Korolev and Werner von Braun who made space travel possible.Prof. Dr. Ugur GUVENwww.drguven.com
Europa being the most intriguing satellite in our solar system has always fetched scientists' and explorers' attention because of its Earth-like water ocean underlying a relatively thin ice sheet. In fact, Europa has been the foundation of many science fiction works including the most famous one 2001 and 2010. The known fact that Europa may harbor oceans also makes it the most likely candidate to harbor extraterrestrial life. This project aims at mission planning for a manned reconnaissance mission to this Jovian moon for investigation of its oceans and its habitability. This not only included a trajectory analysis to Europa and back but also finding an optimal trajectory as would suit to human factors and requisites. An optimal trajectory in this context is the one which caters for the need of minimum possible mission time as well as a balance of ∆V budget which in turn accounts for the amount of fuel to be carried, the payload constraints, and size of the spacecraft. This required the project to consist of Orbital Analysis and Mass Analysis. For this analysis, the whole mission has been divided into four phases for trajectory optimization. This requires a number of iterations in the launch date, orbital parameters, and mass of the components and more iteration within them. The Pork Chop plots have been plotted to show the relation between the selected launch date, C3, arrival date, and arrival velocity suiting to requirements of Time-frame, Hyperbolic Excess Energy, and arrival velocity matching for lower fuel consumption. Starting from the year 2027, the project has shown analysis and optimization of the time, trajectory and ∆V trade-off to account for a 1425- day return mission to the icy moon Europa. The launcher and instrumentations are assumed as per the state of the art in 2027. So, from the launch to the eventual splash down, this project within its four phases discusses the calculations and constraints required to come up with the results of the trajectory. These are based upon the interplanetary trajectory calculations and have also been verified for results from trajectory calculation software. We hope that this book will help aerospace enthusiasts who are interested in a mission to Europa.
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