Bøger af United States Department of Agriculture

This special reprint edition of "Beef Cattle and Swine " was written by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and first published in 1898, making it a truly antiquarian text. It is one of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's "Farmers' Bulletin" publications. Just some of the topics covered in this short book are - Growing Beef in Minnesota, Fattening Range Steers in Winter, Behavior on the Block, Growing Pork, plus the results of the Station's experiments in feeding and fattening stock beef cattle and pigs. IMPORTANT NOTES: Please read BEFORE buying! THIS BOOK IS A REPRINT. IT IS NOT AN ORIGINAL COPY. This book is a reprint edition and is a perfect facsimile of the original book and is not set in a modern typeface. As a result, some characters and images might suffer from slight imperfections, blurring, or minor shadows in the page background. This book appears exactly as it did when it was first printed.

Now more than ever, America's agricultural and rural communities face challenges that jeopardize the livelihoods and well-being of people working the land or living in rural areas. As this strategic plan was being written, the Nation was working to pull itself out of the worst recession since the Great Depression. These economic circumstances have led to unpredictable input costs and unsteady demands for agricultural products in a rapidly evolving global marketplace. More Americans are hungry than at any time in the past 15 years, and our children are increasingly at risk of growing up overweight or obese. In the longer term, a changing global climate brings increased uncertainties about the effect of weather patterns on crop production and the conservation of our natural resources, and puts a premium on improving energy efficiency and producing a renewable energy supply at home. The Department is committed to a strong safety net for production of agriculture. These challenges and others will require USDA to not only provide a reliable safety net for farmers and ranchers, but also help communities and businesses to innovate by implementing new technologies and modernizing their infrastructure to ensure access to new markets, increased competitiveness, and greater resilience of their productive resources. At the same time, these challenges create many opportunities for farmers, ranchers, forest landowners, public land managers, and families in rural communities to generate prosperity in new ways while conserving the Nation's natural resources and providing a safe, sufficient, and nutritious food supply for the country and the world. Because USDA programs touch almost every American every day, the Department is well positioned to support its constituents in taking advantage of these new opportunities. To ensure the Department's programs deliver results effectively and efficiently, USDA's Strategic Plan for fiscal years (FY) 2010-2015 lays out key policy priorities and the strategies to achieve them. Over the next 5 years, USDA will use this plan to manage its resources in a way that delivers the best outcomes for everyone affected by its diverse program portfolio. The USDA Strategic Plan for FY 2010-2015 differs from previous plans by striving to break down organizational barriers to maximize the Department's available resources. Key priorities and desired outcomes have been identified, as well as the best means and strategies to achieve them. In the pursuit of these outcomes, agencies and offices of USDA will be encouraged to collaborate more effectively to achieve the shared goals of rural prosperity, preservation and maintenance of forests and working lands, sustainable agricultural production, global food security, and safe and nutritious foods for Americans. This strategic plan represents the dynamic process within USDA to ensure the best results for America. Through this process, the Department is able to continually assess the quality of its provision of services to the public. This close attention to performance outcomes and results will allow USDA to better support its constituents as they strive to take advantage of today's new opportunities.

Apiary inspectors and beekeepers must be able to recognize bee diseases and parasites and to differentiate the serious diseases from the less important ones. This handbook describes laboratory techniques (particularly those of the USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory) used to diagnose diseases and other abnormalities of the honey bee and to identify parasites and pests. Includes directions for sending diseased brood and adult honey bees for diagnosis of bee disease.

The U.S. Geological Survey and the USDA Forest Service partnered to co-host a symposium on "Planning for Biodiversity: Bringing Research and Management Together," held February 29-March 2, 2000 at the Kellogg West Conference Center, California State Polytechnic University in Pomona, California. The goal of the 3-day conference was to identify the current status of our knowledge and gaps in our understanding of regional biodiversity and ecosystem processes, present and future threats to species and habitats, and effective monitoring strategies for southwestern and central coastal California resources. Through a program of 52 invited presentations, 18 contributed posters, and 10 focused discussion groups, the conference created an environment for formal and informal communication among the 300 attendees about the results of scientific studies and their application to resource conservation and management, as well as the information needs of managers responsible for determining and implementing management on the ground. Of the 45 technical papers presented at the conference, 14 are included in this volume. Authors were asked to synthesize the current state of knowledge regarding their topic and identify areas needing future research. Each paper was assigned to an editor for review and received one to three additional peer reviews. Expanded abstracts of nine posters also were reviewed by the editors and included. The topics addressed in the papers and poster abstracts reflect the breadth of the conference presentations and the issues facing the science and management communities, ranging from the threats of fire, air pollution, grazing, exotic species invasion, and habitat loss on native habitats and sensitive species of birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians, to the role of mycorrhizal fungi as indicators of biological change.

Tomato Diseases And Their Control CONTENTS Types of diseases Diseases caused by bacteria and fungi Fusarium wilt Verticillium wilt Bacterial wilt Bacterial canker Southern blight Stem rot Damping-off Late blight Early blight Nailhead spot Gray mold Ghost spot Phoma rot Bacterial spot Bacterial speck Septoria leaf spot Leaf mold Gray leaf spot Anthracnose Buckeye rot Soil rot Minor fruit rots Virus diseases Tobacco (tomato) mosaic Internal browning Double-virus streak Single-virus streak Cucumber mosaic Potato-Y virus Spotted wilt Curly top Diseases caused by insects and nematodes Psyllid yellows Cloudy spot Root knot and other diseases caused by nematodes Nonparasitic diseases Blossom-end rot Gray wall Pockets Blossom drop Sunscald Growth cracks Cat face Leaf roll 2, 4-D injury Disease of undetermined origin Fruit pox Methods of disease control Use of resistant varieties Use of clean seed Crop rotation Isolation of tomatoes from disease-host plants Roguing of diseased plants and disposal of crop refuse Prevention of diseases in seedbeds Prevention of diseases of field-grown seedlings Cultural practices for prevention of diseases in the field Seed treatment Soil sterilization and disinfection Spraying and dusting Identification of tomato diseases A key to tomato diseases

This report is a compilation of four briefing papers based on literature reviews and syntheses, prepared for USDA Forest Service policy analysts and decisionmakers about specific questions pertaining to climate change. The main topics addressed here are effects of climate change on wildlife habitat, other ecosystem services, and land values; socioeconomic impacts of climate change on rural communities; and competitiveness of carbon offset projects on nonindustrial private forests in the United States. The U.S. private forest offset projects tend to be less costly than European projects but more expensive to implement than those in tropical forests in developing countries. Important policy considerations involving any mitigation actions include effects on other ecosystem services, such as wildlife habitat, and determining baselines and additionality. Stacking of ecosystem services payments or credits with carbon offset payments may be crucial in improving the participation of private forest owners. Potential social impacts of climate change are discussed in terms of health effects on rural communities and climate change sensitivity of indigenous communities.

This brochure was developed to help volunteers prepare and serve food safely or large groups such as family reunions, church dinners, and community gatherings. This food may be prepared at the volunteer's home and brought to the event, or prepared and served at the gathering.

Whether you are a beginner running into your first growing pains or master gardener interested in discussing advanced techniques tomatoes.This is a text that demands careful use. So if you want to know more about blight, bacterial speck, ring rot, downy mildew, virus diseases, purple spot, white tip, sclerotium rot, powdery scab, silver scurf, soil rot or gangrene, then this is the book you need.

The task of measuring the financial performance of cooperatives is made problematic by the attributes of the cooperative form of business. Most of the commonly used financial measures give an incomplete picture of a cooperative's performance. However, the extra value approach used in this report enables a cooperative's use of member-supplied funds to be fully measured-whether member capital is earning more, or less, than it could in alternative investments. The value a cooperative generates over and above its expenses, including an opportunity cost for its equity capital, is termed "extra value." A positive extra value indicates that a cooperative has created value by its operations, while a negative extra value means that a cooperative has actually diminished the value of members' investment. Extra value is measured by subtracting an interest charge on equity capital from net savings. Three different interest rates are used for the charge on equity. The December average British Banker's Association's London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (Libor) plus 200 basis points provides the basic reference rate. This Libor + 2 "basic" rate represents the commonly held opinion that banks in the United States will generally extend loans to a firm with a better-than-average credit rating, at an interest rate of about 200 basis points above the Libor. Extra value was also calculated at two higher rates, the basic rate plus 5 percentage points and the basic rate plus 10 percentage points, to reflect a range of risk premiums because investors consider equity investment riskier than debt. For comparisons over time and among different types of cooperatives, extra value is expressed as a percentage of operating capital. This common-sized index is thus scale- and operating mode-neutral. Extra value was calculated for 65 cooperatives that had been on USDA's top 100 cooperatives (based on revenue) list for at least 4 years in each of two 5-year time periods-1992 through 1996 and 2000 through 2004. Looking at these two time periods allows for an examination of how cooperative performance progressed over time. Additionally, averaging over multiple years should have helped minimize the impact of extraordinary factors on results.

The 16th Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference (BSSRC) was held February 15-17, 2011 in Charleston, South Carolina. The 16th BSSRC was the latest in a series of meetings designed to provide a forum for the exchange of research information among silviculturists, researchers, and managers. More than 260 people attended the conference with 189 oral and poster presentations given covering research in pine and hardwood silviculture, soil and water, physiology and genetics, carbon and bioenergy, fire and fuels, forest health, restoration, growth and yield, and forest economics. In addition, two field trips focused on state-of-the-art intensive management of loblolly pine and silvicultural research on the Francis Marion National Forest and the Santee Experimental Forest were provided. The 86 papers published in these proceedings were submitted by the authors in electronic media. Limited editing was done to ensure a consistent format. Authors were responsible for content and accuracy of their individual papers.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.