Bøger af Wala Ben Kridis

Bei Kindern machen paratestikuläre Tumoren etwa 1-2% der soliden Tumoren aus, mit einer Inzidenz von 0,5-2 pro 100.000 Kinder. Der häufigste pathologisch-anatomische Typ bei Kindern ist das Rhabdomyosarkom, andere Typen von Paratumoren sind die Ausnahme. In den meisten Fällen werden diese Tumoren nicht erkannt und manchmal anfänglich falsch diagnostiziert. Diese Tumoren erfordern eine multidisziplinäre Behandlung, um das Überleben der Betroffenen zu verbessern. Die Behandlung ist unabhängig von der Art des Tumors und des Stadiums hauptsächlich chirurgisch und erfordert je nach Tumor und Tumorausdehnung häufig eine Chemotherapie.

Nas crianças, os tumores paratesticulares representam aproximadamente 1-2% dos tumores sólidos, com uma incidência de 0,5-2 por 100.000 crianças. O tipo anatomopatológico mais comum nas crianças é o rabdomiossarcoma, sendo os outros tipos de tumores paratesticulares excepcionais. Na maioria dos casos, estes tumores não são reconhecidos e, por vezes, são inicialmente mal diagnosticados. Estes tumores requerem um tratamento multidisciplinar para melhorar a sobrevivência dos doentes. O tratamento é essencialmente cirúrgico, independentemente do tipo e do estádio do tumor, e muitas vezes requer quimioterapia, consoante o tumor e a sua extensão.

In children, paratesticular tumors represent approximately 1-2% of solid tumors, with an incidence of 0.5-2 per 100,000 children. The most frequent anatomopathological type in children is rhabdomyosarcoma, and other types of paratesticular tumours are exceptional. In most cases, these tumors are unrecognized and sometimes initially misdiagnosed. These tumors require multidisciplinary management to improve patient survival. Treatment is essentially surgical, irrespective of tumour type and stage, and often requires chemotherapy depending on the tumour and tumour extension.

Nei bambini, i tumori paratesticolari rappresentano circa l'1-2% dei tumori solidi, con un'incidenza di 0,5-2 per 100.000 bambini. Il tipo anatomopatologico più comune nei bambini è il rabdomiosarcoma, mentre altri tipi di tumore paratesticolare sono eccezionali. Nella maggior parte dei casi, questi tumori non vengono riconosciuti e talvolta sono inizialmente diagnosticati in modo errato. Questi tumori richiedono una gestione multidisciplinare per migliorare la sopravvivenza del paziente. Il trattamento è essenzialmente chirurgico, indipendentemente dal tipo e dallo stadio del tumore, e spesso richiede la chemioterapia a seconda del tumore e della sua estensione.

Chez les enfants, les tumeurs paratesticulaires représentent approximativement 1- 2 % des tumeurs solides avec une incidence de 0,5-2 par 100 000 enfants. Le type anatomopathologique le plus fréquent chez les enfants est le rhabdomyosarcome et les autres types des tumeurs paratesticulaires sont exceptionnels. Dans la plupart des cas, ces tumeurs sont méconnues et parfois mal diagnostiquées initialement. Ces tumeurs nécessitent une prise en charge multidisciplinaire afin d¿améliorer la survie des malades. Le traitement est essentiellement chirurgical indépendamment du type de la tumeur et du stade et nécessite souvent une chimiothérapie en fonction de la tumeur et de l¿extension tumoral.

Brustkrebs ist weltweit und in Tunesien mit einer Inzidenz von 46,3 bzw. 37,8 Fällen/100.000 Einwohnern pro Jahr die häufigste Krebserkrankung bei Frauen. In Tunesien ist er mit 17 Todesfällen/100.000 Einwohnern pro Jahr die zweithäufigste krebsbedingte Todesursache bei Frauen.Die Behandlung von metastasierendem Brustkrebs hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten mehrere Fortschritte gemacht, die zu einer Verbesserung der Überlebensrate der Patienten geführt haben. Dennoch entwickeln 15-30% der Patienten im Laufe ihrer Erkrankung Hirnmetastasen (HM). Sie können synchron (zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose des primären Krebses) oder metachron (nach 6 Monaten nach Abschluss der Behandlung des primären Krebses) auftreten. Die Behandlung von MC ist multidisziplinär und umfasst die Beteiligung von Neurologen, Neurochirurgen, Radiologen, Strahlenonkologen, medizinischen Onkologen und Anatomopathologen.Die Strahlentherapie (RT) ist eine der Säulen der MC-Behandlung und war mit ihren verschiedenen Modalitäten lange Zeit die Standardbehandlung.Der Stellenwert der Chirurgie wird in Abhängigkeit von der Operabilität und Resektabilität der Metastasen sowie vom Status der systemischen Erkrankung diskutiert.Die systemische Behandlung kann auf Chemotherapie, Hormontherapie und zielgerichteter Therapie beruhen und hängt vom Terrain, der molekularen Klassifikation und den zuvor verschriebenen Behandlungen ab.

Breast cancer is the first cancer of women in the world and in Tunisia. Its incidence is in continuous rise.The risk factors of breast cancer are multiple. There are endogenous and exogenous hormonal factors, factors related to reproduction, demographic and breast factors, environmental factors and hereditary factors. Although the majority of cases are sporadic, it is estimated that 5-10% of cases have an inherited component. Two major susceptibility genes have been identified, BRCA1 (Breast CAncer 1) and BRCA2 (Breast CAncer 2), which play a key role in the DNA error repair process. Constitutional deleterious mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are associated with a high risk of developing breast cancer, which reinforces the interest in identifying these mutations in families at risk.

Breast cancer is the first cancer of women in the world and in Tunisia with an incidence of 46.3 and 37.8 cases / 100 000 inhabitants per year respectively. It is the second cause of cancer mortality in women in Tunisia with 17 deaths / 100 000 inhabitants per year.The management of metastatic breast cancer has undergone several advances over the past decades leading to an improvement in patient survival. However, 15 to 30% of patients will develop brain metastases (BM) during their disease. They can occur synchronously (at the time of diagnosis of the primary cancer) or metachronously (after 6 months of the end of the primary cancer treatment). The management of CD is multidisciplinary, involving neurologists, neurosurgeons, radiologists, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists and pathologists.Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the pillars of CD treatment and has long been the standard treatment with its different modalities.The place of surgery is discussed according to the operability and resectability of metastases, as well as the status of systemic disease.Systemic treatment can be based on chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and targeted therapy and depends on the terrain, molecular classification and previously prescribed treatments.

Breast cancer is the first cancer of women in the world and in Tunisia. It is the leading cause of death in women. Breast cancer associated with pregnancy (CSAG), defined by the occurrence of cancer during pregnancy or within 12 months postpartum, is a rare entity but has been on the rise in recent years. This can be explained by the tendency to delay pregnancies, the increase in the incidence of breast cancer in young women and the increase in the incidence of breast cancer in general. We conducted a review of the literature with the aim of summarizing the epidemiological-clinical, physiopathological, therapeutic and prognostic characteristics. Radiological diagnosis is essentially based on breast ultrasound. Mammography (with abdominal protection) is not contraindicated, the extension assessment is limited to an abdomino-pelvic ultrasound and a chest X-ray (with abdominal protection). The influence of pregnancy on the prognosis of breast cancer is a controversial subject.