Bøger udgivet af AMER PHILOLOGICL ASSN BOOK

A history of the ferrotype or tintype in Amer. photography, from its origin in the 1850s until 1880. Schimmelman, Prof. of Art History, presents a history of the technological development of the tintype & its manufacture, & touches upon a number of issues relating to the cultural & social aspects of the tintype. She lays an interesting groundwork for thinking about the class dimensions of Victorian aesthetics & about the political economy of taste. The heart of the book is the extended accounts of the improvements in the presentation of the images & of the inventors & businessmen who made the improvements & advanced their careers in the business. Raises important issues in art history & the history of photography. Includes over 200 reproductions of actual tintypes.

A history of the development of French royal finance in the 14th century. An earlier work studied the crown's finances between 1322 and 1356 when France was still in the "age of the war subsidy" and taxes were temporary wartime expedients. This book, a sequel to that study, shows how the capture of King John II in 1356 led to a critical change in the history of royal taxation. In the king's absence, the Estates General failed to secure adequate revenues, fell victim to factional strife, and were discredited. To ransom the monarch, the government imposed the first regular taxes in French history. With these annual revenues, the monarchy was able to finance an army that won important victories in the 1370s. This vol. continues the detailed political history of royal taxation up to 1445.

Describes & analyzes traditional Ojibwa religion (TOR) & the changes it has undergone through the last three centuries. Emphasizes the influence of Christian missions (CM) to the Ojibwas in effecting religious changes, & examines the concomitant changes in Ojibwa culture & environment through the historical period. Contents: Review of Sources; Criteria for Determining what was TOR; Ojibwa History; CM to the Ojibwas; Ojibwa Responses to CM; The Ojibwa Person, Living & Dead; The Manitos; Nanabozho & the Creation Myth; Ojibwa Relations with the Manitos; Puberty Fasting & Visions; Disease, Health, & Medicine; Religious Leadership; Midewiwin; Diverse Religious Movements; & The Loss of TOR. Maps & charts.

Driving human reason too far in the analysis of deep problems often leads to irresolvable inconsistencies and contradictions. This monograph traces the origins and development of the paradoxes of free will. Free will poses one of the oldest and most vexacious philosophical problems, dating back to the beginnings of moral philosophy in ancient Greece. Pure theoretical reason implies that our actions are determined, while practical theoretical reason tells us that our will is free. Gunther Stent examines the arguments of moral responsibility versus determinism from Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle to Immanuel Kant, Neils Bohr, and Max Planck.

Interpretations of heavenly phenomena as signs of the future was a Mesopotamian tradition of great antiquity. The practice of Babylonian celestial divination, spanning a period from ca. 1800 B.C. to Hellenistic times, is known in the form of celestial omens portending the life of the king and the stability of the state. Emerging for the first time in the fifth century B.C., horoscopes reflect the application of the ideal and practice of celestial divination to the life of the individual. This is the first complete edition of the extant cuneiform horoscopes--with transcription and philological and astronomical commentary. It is the first study to offer a systematic description of the documents as a definable class of Babylonian astronomical/astrological texts.

Lloyd presents an historical grammar of Spanish that includes 20th-century research on Romance and Spanish languages. He offers a synthesis of the research that has illuminated much of the phonetic and morphological development of Spanish.

Between 1796 & 1800 Baron Peter von Braun, a rich businessman & manager of Vienna's court theaters, transformed his estate at Schonau into an English-style landscape park. The most celebrated building was the Temple of Night, a domed rotunda accessible only through a meandering rockwork grotto. A life-size statue of the goddess Night on a chariot pulled by two horses presided over the Temple, while from the dome, came the sounds of a mechanical musical instrument. Only the ruins survive, & the Temple has received little scholarly attention. This book brings it back to life by assembling the descriptions of it by early 19th-cent. eyewitnesses. "Will appeal to anyone interested in the history of garden design, arch., theater, & music." Illus.

The volume gives a discourse on the nature and accomplishments of Egyptian mathematics. The author quotes and discusses interpretations of such authors as Eisenlohr, Griffith, Hultsch, Peet, Struce, Neugebauer, Chace, Glanville, van der Waerden, Bruins, Gillings, and others. (Mathematics)

Joseph Hume was at the forefront of nearly every major reform endeavor in the first half of the 19th century. His personal life largely remains a mystery, because his private papers were destroyed by fire. The authors have gone though many manuscript collections of those close to him in order to present this volume.

The first great discovery in underwater archaeology yielded not only a fine collection of art treasures but also the most enigmatic, most complicated piece of scientific machinery known from antiquity. This artifact is now identified as an astronomical or calendrical calculating device involving a very sophisticated arrangement of more than thirty gear-wheels.

This second volume of the Trukese-English Dictionary supplements the first one, published in 1980. It provides an English-Trukese index, or finderlist, for the Trukese-English of the first volume an a concordance of roots, including what appear to be complex words that cannot be analyzed into constiuent elements.

The authors have presented and interpreted Johannes Kepler's Latin text to English readers by putting it into the kind of clear but earnest language they suppose Kepler would have used if he had been writing today.

The industrialization of the United States in the 19th century occurred within the context of basic European technologies brought by the colonists and spurred on by innovative technologies brought from Europe after the American Revolution. These technologies ultimately overtook the early industrial revolution in many areas. (Technology and Industrial Arts)

First printed in 1991, this volume is the first Mahican and English dictionary based on the Moravian variety or dialect. Mahican was an important language because the Native American tribe was in a dominant position in New England and New York in the 1700s. (Foreign Language-Dictionary)

Jones offers a full study of the career of late-18th century entrepreneur William Duer, a member of the New York State Convention and the Continental Congress, and assistant to the Secretary of the Treasury when the Federal government was organized. Duer had a role in all the significant changes that occurred during the revolutionary period.

Kennth M. Setton provides a brief survey of the Thirty Years' Was as part of the background to Venetian relations with the Ottoman Empire. Having lost the island of Crete to the Turks in the long war of 1645-1669, Venice renewed her warfare with the Porte in 1684, this time as the ally of Austria after the Turkish failure to take Vienna the preceding year. The Venetians now conquered the Peloponnesus (the "Morea"), and occupied Athens, with the disastrous result that the Parthenon was destroyed, a tragedy which receives much attention in this book. This volume is to some exrtent a continuation of the author's highly praised work on "The Papacy and the Levant" (also published by the American Philosophical Society), which covers in four volumes the period from the Fourth Crusade (1204) to the battle of Lepanto (1571), and goes somewhat beyond.

According to the author, "About 60 horoscopes from the first five centuries of our era have been published since Young (1828) and Champollion-Figeac (1840) in the papyrological literature." Neugebauer collected all horoscopes from this material, and added a few unpublished pieces to this volume which was originally printed in 1959.

This is the third of four volumes which trace the history of the later Crusades and papal relations with the Levant from the accession of Innocent III (in 1198) to the reign of Pius V and the battle of Lepanto (1566-1571). From the mid-fourteenth century to the conclusion of his work, the author has drawn heavily upon unpublished materials, collected in the course of more than twenty "palaeographical journeys" to the Archivio Segreto Vaticano and the Archivi di Stato in Venice, Mantua, Modena, Milan, Siena, Florence, and the Archives of the Order of the Hospitallers at Malta. Volumes 1, II, and IV are available at www.amphilsoc.org.

This is a print on demand Publication. This is a reprint, this is not an original. Contents: Introduction; Ptolemy: A Biographical Sketch; The "Optics": A Biographical Sketch; An Overview of the "Optics"; The Historical Influence of the "Optics"; English Translation; & Bibliography. The English translation of this text is based upon Albert Lejeune's critical Latin text of 1956, which was reprinted in the 1990s along with a French translation & supplementary annotations. Illus.

A brief history of the American Philosophical Society's first 250 years, written in 1993 by APS Librarian Edward C. Carter II. Includes illusrations.

An encyclopedic dictionary, with extensive bibliographies, designed for teachers and students of Roman Law in the classroom, for students of legal history who have little or no knowledge of Latin, and for readers of juristic or literary Latin works in translations that may not be reliable when legal terms or problems are involved.

This volume is a comprehensive dictionary of the Trukese (Chuukese) language, translated into English.

Contents: (I) Ancient Theories of Visual Perception: The Physics of Vision; The Physiology of Vision; The Psychology of Visual Perception; (II) Optics Proper: Analysis of Direct Vision: The Visual Cone; The Visual Perception of Physical Space; Binocular Vision; (III) Catoptrics: Analysis of Vision by Reflected Rays: The Law of Equal Angles; Multiple Reflections and Multiple Images; The Principles of Image-Location; Image-Formation and Distortion; Visual Effecs from Composite Mirrors; (IV) Dioptrics: Analysis of Vision by Deflected Rays: Observation and Explanation of the Phenomenon; Practical Application: The Problem of Atmospheric Refraction; Image-Location as a Function of the Shape of the Refracting Surface; Size-Distortion; (V) Analysis of the Rainbow and of Burning Mirrors; (VI) Conclusion. Illus.