Bøger udgivet af Anchor Academic Publishing

With an average annual rainfall of less than 240 mm, Pakistan is one of the most arid countries in the world. Every year, during the monsoon season from July to September, Pakistan experiences heavy rainfalls. However, this year the substantial amount of unexpected monsoon rainfall resulted in heavy floods as a consequence of the absence of adequate infrastructure (dams, barrages, reservoirs). The heavy rainfall started in the last week of July 2010, and continued for days in the regions of Balochistan, followed closely by a second spell in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). The rain continued until the first few days of August 2010, causing tremendous damage to both property and lives. The heavy rainfall flooded the already flooded rivers and streams, causing the river banks to burst. The flood water started causing destruction in KPK, and continued its journey towards Punjab and Sindh. The floods in Pakistan have had an impact on all the sectors of the economy. Handling these problems would require a model that could simultaneously capture the major relations among different sectors of the economy, and thereby, trace through the indirect and secondary effects on the economy. The model used to calculate the impact is subjected to a number of simulations that are run on E-views. In this study, the author uses a model that reports clearly what Pakistan will face in terms of production loss and recovery. The results are assessed on the basis of past data and the current situation in the country. The author's main purpose is to define the costs Pakistan faces in such a situation, and further, to develop policy recommendations.

Throughout human history there may hardly be found any other single decision that still causes such high amounts of scholarly debate as does the dropping of Atomic Bombs upon the Japanese city of Hiroshima in August 6th 1945, and respectively, three days later upon the city of Nagasaki. These events have caused close to 100 000 casualties in the civilian population, and yet, it does not include all of those persons who would later succumb to radiation sickness or severe birth deformations. Historians still debate the alleged plurality of motives underlying this momentous decision. The debate's result is a polarized scholarly discord which by now virtually abounds in a multitude of different theories, and competing suppositions. On the one hand, there are those scholars who argue that the decision rested solely on grounds of military expediency, foremost on the necessity to shorten a gruelling war, and to save the lives of American soldiers. On the other hand, historians offer the explanation that American policy makers above all wanted to exhibit their country's enormous military potency, and therefore, Hiroshima and Nagasaki should demonstrate the vast destructive potential which presently solely the United States had at its command, and so, counter post-war ambitions of the Soviet Union. The author of this study analyses the contextual circumstances in the spring and summer of 1945, and moreover, the principal motives of the key American government officials. Accordingly, the author offers his own substantive and conclusive answer to the question that concerns the primary factors and/or ostensibly ulterior motives that led American decision makers to issue the consequential order to detonate Atomic Bombs over Hiroshima and Nagasaki. First and foremost, the findings rest upon a critical and comprehensive engagement, and are based on the available documentary evidence from this time.

Eurobarometer shared recently that 41% of the EU citizens get their main information on European topics from daily newspapers. This is also the case for those citizens who decided on the adaption of the Lisbon treaty in the two nationwide referendums, in Ireland. But, as many media researchers showed, news coverage is biased. However, it has to be biased for it is simply not possible to report the entire reality in one article. One aspect of news bias is known under the term framing. Framing leads readers to think in a certain direction for journalists underline certain aspects in a news story, and usually, cover a story only from one angle. Therefore, the journalist's angle can have a high influence on the reader's opinion. The study follows these hints and examines the news coverage before the two Irish referendums on the Lisbon treaty took place. Applying a content and framing analysis of the two most selling Irish newspapers, namely 'the Irish Times' and 'the Irish Independent', it aims to make statements about the framing of the treaty in the news, and gives evidence to the informative value of the title.

Given the dynamic of today's business environments, more and more established companies attempt to promote entrepreneurship within their organizational boundaries to preserve and reinforce the innovativeness and flexibility from which many young enterprises benefit and so enhance their competitiveness and economic viability. The strategy pursued by them is called a corporate entrepreneurship strategy. This book gives answers on the question of how an organization can strengthen the entrepreneurial mindset and behavior of its employees with the help of appropriate human resource management practices. A variety of options to encourage entrepreneurial activities is provided. In the course of a theoretical analysis, beneficial employee characteristics and behaviors for the pursuance of a corporate entrepreneurial strategy are derived. In order to provide additional insights into how organizations promote the application of such a strategy in practice, this book also includes some revealing interviews with experts from companies successfully pursuing a corporate entrepreneurship strategy.

This book is a critical analysis of potential Arab/Islamic anti-Americanism in Saudi Arabia. The significance of the Gulf War of 1990/1991 and the resulting stationing of US troops inside the Saudi kingdom for the Arab/Islamic anti-Americanism will be analyzed. Hereby, this project seeks to investigate whether the reactions to the American presence in Saudi Arabia and the broader Arab/Islamic region are of anti-American nature or whether they reveal other proprieties. With the help of various Arabic and American sources the research question is approached and compared from both sides. The inclusion of Arabic sources of Saudi opposition leaders allows this book to examine which leitmotifs dominate the discourse on American soldiers in Saudi Arabia. Overall, four main reactions are identified and discussed with the means of a qualitative analysis: Foreigners and disbelievers in Saudi Arabia, opposition to the Saudi royal family, an exploitation of anti-Americanism, and a liberal movement. The resulting main themes lead to this book's thesis: an anti-American characterization of the reactions to the American troop presence during the Gulf War is a questionable simplification of the situation.

Social media and social networks seem to be conquering human relationships. Corporations increasingly expect business benefits from such platforms for employee-to-employee networking and internal collaboration. Firstly, however, social software platforms have to be introduced into an organization successfully, which often requires strategic and cultural changes before the new technology effectively supports everyday work tasks and corporate procedures. Companies will thus be looking for ways to promote usage of the new platforms and influence employee behavior accordingly. After a review of selected relevant scientific theory and practical examples of social software analysis, this publication analyzes over 50,000 employee contributions to an internal microblogging platform used over a period of two years in a global corporation. The subsequent analysis tries to find a metric for organizationally desired behavior. The nature of microblogging - short text messages that propagate across a network by means of very basic mechanisms, like subscription, repeats or responses - seems very well suited for such a purpose. Two metrics, describing an employees' influence across the network and the utility of their contributions as recognized by peers, were combined in a single numerical score. Such scoring could be used as a factor within an employee incentive system intended to reward extraordinarily active or useful contributors.

The economic situation of the recent years forces to operate aircraft at highest payloads possible and to load it at its maximum allowable take-off masses. Therefore, take-off performance optimization is nowadays as important as never before. This book offers a summary of factors affecting the maximum take-off mass and appropriate take-off speeds, which together represent necessary performance data for a safe take-off. These are usually presented in so called runway analyses. That is the reason why this book might be of interest for fight operations engineering personnel or pilots as it answers possible questions about the application and computing of the runway analyses.

The term education itself means 'to train', 'to lead out' and to 'bring up'. It is said that education is a life-long process, but the basic education that one undergoes during the formative years definitely contributes to the shaping of one's future and outlook. At this point, the school and high school education assumes importance. Even though the history of education in Nepal is relatively short, there has been a considerable growth in the number of educational institutes after the restoration of democracy in 1950 and particularly after 1990 AD. However, having no standard measuring rod to use when evaluating the institutes of higher education, students and parents have had trouble when selecting a college. Furthermore, beguiling advertisements make it impossible to decide which college is genuinely worth attending. Nowadays, it cannot be denied that numerous mediocre institutes exist which try to make a quick buck and cheat the students. This may not always be the case, but such incidents cannot be overlooked. Hence, this subject and possible solutions are analysed in this comprehensive study.

This collective monograph contains the results of theoretical, methodological and applied research of representatives of the scientific community of the Omsk branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation and the Omsk State Pedagogical University on various management issues in the state and municipal sectors of the economy. A distinctive feature of the monograph is an attempt to assess the conditions and mechanisms for the functioning of key institutions of state and municipal government: public service, state support of small business entities, territorial public self-government, regional economy and management, etc.

This book looks into the sexual assault of irregular/illegal immigrant women and girls throughout their arrival to the European Union borders and borderlands between the period of 2011 and 2018, through an Intersectional lens. It intends to analyze this sensitive human rights issue through grasping the cultural obstacles and procedures at European borders which have fueled the violation of this fragile migrant group¿s human rights, while also supporting this argument with academic research, statistical data and reports on irregular migration from international and regional organizations, security mechanisms at borders, and statistics on sexual abuse and exploitation during the aforementioned period. It intends to explore the manner in which several factors and developments at European borders and in the borderlands have resulted in a more dangerous migration journey for these women and girls, as well as the manner in which these developments further perpetuate the likelihood of sexual violence of migrants, and female migrants in particular. This book aims to comprehend the linkages between academic research and the supporting statistical information through the lens of Intersectionality Theory ¿ a theory which will allow for the issue to be tackled across its different layers and across all the intersections and overlaps these layers create. This book highlights multiple instances of sexual violence throughout the journey, and upon arrival of these migrant women and girls to the European borders and borderlands, and subsequently emphasizes that these events further perpetuate the vulnerability to sexual assault for irregular migrant women due to the very ¿illegal¿ nature of their journeys.Through this lens, this process is examined across: power dynamics, security, legal status, and gender. Through examining these realities and power systems, it becomes evident that this particularly vulnerable group of women and girls from developing countries escaping war, economic burdens and conflict, are ostracized and subordinated in a number of interconnected patterns. This book highlights a need for more gender-sensitive policies because the group of women in question has close to no viable resource for justice within a system that currently acts against them and views them as criminal or ¿illegal¿.

In the age of iDeology ¿ in which individual access and participation to technology is about to replace the rich texture of religion, culture, tradition and political convictions ¿ the social impact of media discourse only magnifies. This volume is an attempt to explore the influence of ever-available communication content on the minds and behavior of a population that has made the permanent and often obsessive use of communication technology a defining element of social orientation. Unlike the many accounts that focus on the remarkably redefined patterns in the context of Western society ¿ ranging from twittering Presidents to the emerging populist movements all over Europe ¿ this volume portrays the situation from the frequently neglected perspective of the global periphery. As opposed to simply transfer and measure perspectives taken from a Western point of view, the clear intention of this volume is to provide ample space for the sincere and explorative consideration of local characteristics and settings of the different social, cultural and political contexts and therefore contribute to providing the ground for future research.

In most Islamic societies, freedom of religion or belief is not a reality for religious minorities. Indonesia, home of the biggest Muslim population in the world, is a positive exception in this regard. The country was always a role model for the peaceful co-existence of diverse religious and cultural traditions, but in recent years, Islamic fundamentalist groups challenge the country¿s tolerant and pluralistic identity. This book inquires the development of freedom of religion or belief from a political, legal and religious perspective. It analyzes the laws and mechanisms that protect the rights of minorities and traces the role of the country¿s most important Islamic organizations and the influence they have on national policy-making. It finally points out possible future developments and how the government can counter the threat of militant Islamism and preserve Indonesiäs tolerant traditions.

The first sign of facial beauty was displayed in Egyptian civilization art works as they started to understand the divine or golden proportion that was known as a golden ratio which could be defined as the ratio that considered to be the most aesthetically pleasing to the human¿s eye and the base of countless mysteries over centuries. In the past, the cephalometic analysis represented an important tool in planning an orthodontic treatment, but today, the focus is mainly on the facial soft tissue and the dental assessment by using photographs. Despite most of the orthodontists are focused primarily on the occlusal discrepancies and mal-relations when discussing the needs of orthodontic treatment with the patients, and the patients and parents are focused mainly on the appearance, the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning should have a broader extent, include the occlusion, tooth shape and appearance of the face to have both excellent occlusion and excellent aesthetics, although this is quite difficult, but it is the goal that all orthodontists should pursue. This book represents a master thesis in orthodontics from the College of Dentistry-University of Baghdad/Iraq. The uniqueness of this work comes from that it is the first one that analyses the micro-aesthetic appearance to establish normative values for the Iraqi population and find out whether there is a correlation between apparent mesiodistal measurements of maxillary anterior teeth and facial measurements by an indirect method of measurement, using photographs in a sample of Iraqi population.