Bøger udgivet af Archetype Publications

A comprehensive and critical analysis of information on 19th century artists' materials.

America's ancient Mound Builders left behind thousands of pyramid-shaped and conical burial mounds, complex geometric earthworks, effigy mounds, and incredible artifacts depicting mysterious symbols. When the first European explorers began reporting their discovery of these enigmatic structures (over 400 years ago) no one knew who built them. No one seemed to know the meaning of the symbols, and the ritualistic purposes of the complex geometric earthen shapes were a complete mystery. That forgotten knowledge is explained by the decimation of Native American populations by explorers and gold-seeking Spanish conquistadores. Within a generation after the Spanish entered America, Native American populations decreased by over 90 percent from disease and war.It is now known that many ancient earthworks were used to assist souls of the dead in their journey to the sky world and the mysterious symbols were used in rituals by an elite ruling class of priests and chiefs.Souls journeyed to the west where they made a leap of faith to the sky. The souls then made a journey along the Milky Way until they reached the most important spot on the path. This was at the Great Rift of the Milky Way, where they encountered an enigmatic Adversary located at the Constellation of Cygnus. Path of Souls details this amazing death journey and how it was revealed in recent times by archaeologists. It is also thought that the newly revealed Native American death journey explains much about ancient Egyptian ideas of death.Where did these ideas about the death journey come from and when did they arrive in America? Who were the elite rulers of the Mound Builders? Hundreds of newspaper articles from the 1800s and early 1900s reported giant skeletons found in large stone tombs buried deep inside burial mounds. Were these tall leaders the elite? Today the Smithsonian asserts that there we no giants in the ancient world but in their actual published mound excavation reports, they detailed the discovery of many skeletons at least seven feet tall. Path of Souls explores all of these issues and is lavishly illustrated with over 150 maps, photos, and illustrations.

>Contents: Introduction; A Walk around the Saharan Heritage: Searching for Architectural Paint Research Dr Amer Rghei; Baseline proficiencies for Architectural Paint Research: Replacing the Goldilocks Standard Helen Hughes; Promoting Architectural Paint Research in Sweden through accessibility of samples and results Kathrin Hinrichs Degerblad; Establishing Standards for Architectural Paint Research at Historic New England Benjamin Haavik; It's Open to Interpretation: A Study in Writing Paint Research Reports for the Entire Project Team Jennifer Cappeto; Tracing the making of the painted stone portal of Ryning palace, Stockholm Anna Henningsson and Alexandru Babos; Identification of zinc-based paints in cross-section: a comparative study of autofluorescent behavior, TSQ fluorochrome stain and elemental composition with SEM-EDS Kirsten Travers and Catherine Matsen; The use of fire retardant surface treatment in and on historic buildings Barbro Wedvik; Exterior colour schemes of dwellings in the historic centre of Visby 1860 1930: architectural paint research and the preservation of townscape Max Laserna; Architectural Paint Research - How to improve the interaction between client, commissioner and executor Jon Brænne; Facilitating awareness of a shared challenge Bernice Crijns; Architectural Paint Research: Exploring the architectural qualities of colour Angelique Friedrichs; Gunnebo House: Historic interiors research for conservation of architectural paint through an international, interdisciplinary collaboration following proposed APR standards Stephan Günther and Maria Höijer; Architectural Paint Research in the ceiling of the Gallery of Charles XI - what we learned - Kristin Fyrand; Twelve Years in Topeka: Struggles and Successes in a Phased Restoration Bryon Roesselet; How communication of research findings resulted in reconstruction of Chipolin painted surfaces at the Hermitage Castle in Denmark Line Bregnhøi; Old National Archives Johan Rittsel and Ewa Björdell; Addressing the Challenges of Modern Paint Materials: Paint Colour Quality Craig Oleszewski; Collaborating to Reveal, Interpret and Restore 1860s Decoration in Richard Upjohn's Grace Church (Brooklyn, New York) Amanda Stauffer Park; From Pauper to Prince: Re-interpreting St. John's Colonial Building through Decorative Finishes Stephanie M. Hoagland; Changing minds through sharing research: the preservation of historic Damascene 'ajami rooms Anke Scharrahs; Danish church interiors, research into colour change, and knowledge of colour history used as tools in the decision-making process toward preserving church cultural heritage Karin V. Kristiansen; Tartu Art College's role in Historic Interior Research in Estonia - Heli Tuksam; The Van Doesburg Rinsema project in Drachten and Amsterdam. An unorthodox consonant Mariël Polman, Danielle van Kempen, Arie Wallart and Luc Megens; The way forward.

The 19th and early 20th centuries were a time of change in the technology of dyes and dyeing: brilliantly colored synthetic dyes came onto the market and were welcomed into the world of fashionable clothing. Natural dyes still had a part to play, however: locally available dyes could make a significant contribution to the revival or development of the economy of a region, such as the Scottish Highlands during the First World War. The dye extracted from a plant growing in one region may differ slightly from that found in a closely related species growing in another; the Japanese and Chinese species of Phellodendron (Amur cork tree and related plants) are a good example. Analysis of the dyes used for a fabric may thus suggest the region in which it was dyed. Trade records can provide additional useful evidence, as shown by a comparison of dyed textiles from the Ryukyu Kingdom (Okinawa and neighboring islands) and Indonesia. The use of non-invasive spectrometric methods to examine dyes and pigments has increased considerably, notably portable methods that can be taken to the object. This is essential in the case of manuscripts that cannot be moved from the library holding them, such as the Aztec Codex Borbonicus. The application of multispectral imaging techniques to textile dyes is relatively recent and if high-performance liquid chromatography can also be carried out, as in the case of the Italian polychrome laces described in this book, valuable and informative results can be achieved. These are some of the topics presented at the 33rd and 34th meetings of Dyes in History and Archaeology held in Glasgow (2014) and Thessaloniki (2015): other analytical methods, historical Chinese dyeing practices and the always fascinating topic of indigo may also be found in this book.