Bøger udgivet af Springer Netherlands

The Design Automation and Test in Europe, DATE, is Europe's leading international electronic systems design conference for electronic design, automation and test, from system level hardware and software implementation right down to integrated circuit design. It combines the conference with Europe's leading international ex- bition for electronic design, automation and test. To celebrate the tenth anniversary of DATE, we have compiled this book with the aim to highlight some of the most influential technical contributions from ten years of DATE. Selecting 30 papers, only 3 papers from each year, is a challenging endeavor. Although the impact of papers from the first years of DATE can be det- mined through various citation indexes, the impact from the later years still have to be seen. Together with all 10 Program Chairs, we have made a selection of the most influential papers covering the very broad range of topics which is characteristic for DATE.

The world¿s livestock sector is amidst a major transformation, fuelled by high demand for meat and milk, which is likely to double over the next two decades in developing countries. The major driving force behind this demand for livestock products is a combination of population growth, urbanization and income growth, especially in developing countries. The challenge is to enhance animal productivity without adversely affecting the environment. A key to this is reducing methane emissions from ruminants. The major limitation to ruminant production in many tropical regions of Africa, Asia and Latin America, where a large proportion of the global ruminant population is located, is poor nutrition. The productivity of animals is restricted by the low nitrogen and high fibre content of the native grasses and crop residues, which form the basis of the diets in these regions. Animals on these types of diets emit more methane than animals fed better quality temperate forages. These methane emissions represent a loss of digestible energy to the animal (up to 15%) as well as a threat to the environment. Reducing methane production by ruminants could improve their productivity, provided the efficiency of ruminal metabolism is not compromised, and reduce their contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. The challenge is to devise nutritional strategies and identify dietary components, particularly from locally available plant resources, that reduce methane emissions.

The International Workshop on "e;Embedded Systems - Modeling, Techn- ogy, and Applications"e; is the seventh in a successful series of workshops that were established by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Technische Universitat Berlin. The goal of those workshops is to bring together - searchers from both universities in order to present research results to an international community. The series of workshops started in 1990 with the International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and was continued with the International Wo- shop on "e;Advanced Software Technology"e; in 1994. Both workshops have been hosted by Shanghai Jiao Tong University. In 1998 the third workshop took place in Berlin. This International Workshop on "e;Communication Based Systems"e; was essentially based on results from the Graduiertenk- leg on Communication Based Systems that was funded by the German Research Society (DFG) from 1991 to 2000. The fourth International Workshop on "e;Robotics and its Applications"e; was held in Shanghai in 2000. The fifth International Workshop on "e;The Internet Challenge: Tech- logy and Applications"e; was hosted by TU Berlin in 2002. The sixth Int- national Workshop on "e;Human Interaction with Machines"e; was hosted by Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The subject of this year's workshop has been chosen because the field of Embedded Systems has not only gained major interest in the research community but has also significant economic impact in different appli- tion fields. Mechanic, hydraulic, and electronic control systems are being replaced by microcomputer based embedded systems.

A comprehensive study of silicon-based distributed architectures in wideband circuits are presented in this book. Novel circuit architectures for ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless technologies are described. The book begins with an introduction of several transceiver architectures for UWB. The discussion then focuses on RF front-end of the UWB radio. Therefore, the book will be of interest to RF circuit designers and students.

Focusing on Venezuela and Mexico, this edited volume from the International Society of Halophyte Utilisation (ISHU) explores the environmental issues facing South and Central America's coastal ecosystems, and discusses the uses of mangrove species and other halophytes in addressing issues of both coastal pollution and upland soil salinisation.The book draws on expertise from Europe and South America to present a series of case studies that detail Venezuela's saline ecosystems and examine the economic potential of mangrove restoration and halophyte production. It includes cutting-edge research into the establishment of new mangrove stands which could serve as prototypes for the sustainable use of halophytes, including Chenopodium quinoa and Tamarix aphylla. Moreover, the detailed examples from Venezuela and other Caribbean countries provide useful models for comparison with halophyte utilisation in other parts of the world - especially the Mediterranean region, where much of the earlier research of the ISHU had been conducted.Including insights from 50 years of research on the Venezuelan coastline this unique book provides a useful reference for researchers working on saline ecosystems and economically useful halophytes around the world.

This book contains the proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium held in Hanover, Germany, in November 2006. Coverage includes new mathematical techniques, new discretization techniques, advanced applications of unilateral contact to masonry structures, decohesion analysis and tractive rolling of tires. The book provides a good overview of modern techniques and state-of-the-art discretizations schemes applied in contact mechanics.

Radio Design in Nanometer Technologies addresses current trends and future directions in radio design for wireless applications. As radio transceivers constitute the major bottleneck in a wireless chipset in terms of power consumption and die size, the radio must be designed in the context of the entire system, end to end. Therefore the book will address wireless systems as well as the DSP parts before it gets into coverage of radio design issues. To that end, the book contains three parts:Part 1: a general part discussing current and future wireless networks, chipset evolution over the past decade and ending with a discussion on radio requirements for software defined radio(SDR).Part 2: will focus on the digital baseband of a wireless chip set, flexible DSP cores for multi-standard wireless platforms and system-on-chip SoC implementation and design flow issues. Part 3: will be devoted to radio design issues starting at the transceiver level and going down to discuss critical issues facing design of future multi band multi standard radios for emerging wireless standards such as UMTS, WiMaX, MIMO and WLAN in a way that is consistent with the prevailing vision of SDR.As such, the book is the first volume that looks at the integrated radio design problem as a "e;piece of a big puzzle"e;, namely the entire chipset or single chip that builds an entire wireless system. This is the only way to successfully design radios to meet the stringent demands of today's increasingly complex wireless systems.

An International Conference entitled "e;Close Binaries in the 21st Century: New Opportunities and Challenges"e;, was held in Syros island, Greece, from 27 to 30 June, 2005.There are many binary star systems whose components are so close together, that they interact in various ways. Stars in such systems do not pass through all stages of their evolution independently of each other; in fact their evolutionary path is significantly affected by their companions. Processes of interaction include gravitational effects, mutual irradiation, mass exchange, mass loss from the system, phenomena of extended atmospheres, semi-transparent atmospheric clouds, variable thickness disks and gas streams.The zoo of Close Binary Systems includes: Close Eclipsing Binaries (Detached, Semi-detached, Contact), High and Low-Mass X-ray Binaries, Cataclysmic Variables, RS CVn systems, Pulsar Binaries and Symbiotic Stars. The study of these binaries triggered the development of new branches of astrophysics dealing with the structure and evolution of close binaries and the interaction effects displayed by these exciting objects. Close Binaries are classic examples of the fundamental contribution that stellar astrophysics makes to our general understanding of physical processes in the universe.Ground-based and space surveys will discover many new close binaries, which were previously unknown. In the future, new approaches will also be possible with highly efficient photometric searches looking for very shallow eclipses, such as those produced by Earth-like extra-solar planets.Contributions to this conference covered the latest achievements in the field and reflected the state of the art of the dynamically evolving area of binary star research.

Fred Van Dyke's new textbook, Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications, 2nd Edition represents a major new text for anyone interested in conservation. Drawing on his experience as a conservation biologist, college teacher, and successful textbook author, Van Dyke's organizational clarity and readable style make this book an invaluable resource for students in conservation around the globe.Presenting key information and well-selected examples, this student-friendly volume carefully integrates the science of conservation biology with its implications for ethics, law, policy and economics. In addition to rigorous examination of the scientific theory supporting conservation biology and its applications, this unique book includes a number of features which set it apart from others. These include its chapters on aquatic conservation, landscape ecology, and ecosystem management, and its direct explanation and invitation to students on how to enter the work of conservation as a professional and personal vocation.Aimed primarily at undergraduates studying courses in conservation and conservation biology, this book will also be useful to practicing conservationists and natural resource managers.

Increasing agricultural productivity to meet the demands of growing population is a challenging task. Abiotic stresses are among the major limiting factors on agriculture. The knowledge and research programmes on the physiology and molecular biology of stress tolerance are certainly helpful to counter act this negative effect to a great extent. The present literature deals in detail mostly with plant responses to different abiotic stresses. There have been extensive studies, in the past few decades, on the physiology and biochemistry of plant responses to abiotic stress conditions, in the laboratory as well as in the field. However, the interest has shifted to molecular biology of stress tolerance, modes of installing tolerance mechanisms in crop plants. Microarray technology, functional genomics, development of high throughput proteomics would benefit and guide the physiologists, molecular biologists and biotechnologists to enhance stress tolerance in plants. We therefore, felt very strongly that there is an immediate and urgent need for a textbook on this important topic. This book would be an ideal source of scientific information to the postgraduate students, research workers, faculty and scientists involved in agriculture, plant sciences, molecular biology, biochemistry, biotechnology and related areas. We would like to thank the authors for their interest and cooperation in this exciting venture. We are grateful to Jacco Flipsen and Noeline Gibson of Springer for their continuous support and technical advice in bringing out the book. K. V. Madhava Rao A. S. Raghavendra September 2005. K.

Systems biology is defined for the purpose of this study as the understanding of biological network behaviors, and in particular their dynamic aspects, which requires the utilization of mathematical modeling tightly linked to experiment. This involves a variety of approaches, such as the identification and validation of networks, the creation of appropriate datasets, the development of tools for data acquisition and software development, and the use of modeling and simulation software in close linkage with experiment. All of these are discussed in this volume. Of course, the definition becomes ambiguous at the margins, but at the core is the focus on networks, which makes it clear that the goal is to understand the operation of the systems, rather than the component parts.It was concluded that the U.S. is currently ahead of the rest of the world in systems biology, largely because of earlier investment by funding organizations and research institutions. This is reflected in a large number of active research groups, and educational programs, and a diverse and growing funding base. However, there is evidence of rapid development outside the U.S., much of it begun in the last two to three years. Overall, however, the picture is of an active field in the early stages of explosive growth.This volume is aimed at academic researchers, government research agency representatives and graduate students.