Bøger udgivet af Syrawood Publishing House

The study of astronomical objects through the analysis of characteristics like luminosity, density, chemical composition and temperature, by employing principles of physics and chemistry, falls under the domain of astrophysics. It also aims to understand and explain blackhole dynamics and dark matter phenomenology. Modern astrophysics implements a multidisciplinary approach by incorporating principles of varied areas of physics such as electromagnetism, thermodynamics, nuclear and particle physics. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to astrophysics. It strives to provide a fair idea about this discipline and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances in this field. This book is a complete source of knowledge on the present status of this important discipline.

Earthquakes are large-scale disturbances caused by massive wave propagations that are triggered by tectonic plate convergence or divergence. Earthquake engineering is an interdisciplinary field that is concerned with the structural analysis and study of large constructions such as buildings or bridges with the objective of making such structures more earthquake-resistant. This discipline also encompasses the study of the nature of seismic waves, their propagation and control. It also includes examining seismic design requirements and implementing earthquake-resistant architecture methods, materials and techniques. This book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of earthquake engineering and recent researches in this field. Chapters compiled herein provide thorough information about the key concepts and theories related to this discipline while also foregrounding the advances made in this field of study. This book, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.

The field of marine biology and ecology includes the study of marine animals and plants in relation to their ecosystems. It also focuses on the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on marine life populations. The field also studies changes in topological, ecological and atmospheric factors that affect the survival and reproduction of marine life. Our oceans are changing due to a complex combination of ocean eddies and atmospheric winds as well as human activities like fossil fuel burning, industrial waste disposal and fertilizer use. This has adversely affected the marine ecosystem which has major impacts in climate change, changes in coastlines and coastal environment, etc. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of marine ecology and biology. The various advancements in theoretical and applied marine science are also glanced at in this book. It will be vital for students and researchers looking for an elaborate reference text.

Marine life comprises of the plants, animals and other organisms that inhabit the seas, oceans or estuaries around the world. The marine ecosystem is very diverse and includes over 230,000 species and it is estimated that more than a million are yet to be discovered. The study of marine life is very important because marine organisms are the chief source of oxygen and also responsible for maintaining and shaping coastlines across the world. The study of this field branches out into marine conservation, marine biology, oceanography and hydrology. This book aims to equip students and experts with the modern evaluations and methodologies to achieve a multidisciplinary approach to the study of marine life. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex advancements in the field of marine life and their ecology, biology and conservation. It is a vital tool for all researching and studying this field.

Developmental biology is the study of multicellular organisms and their systems of growth and development. Some of the prominent areas of study under developmental biology include asexual reproduction, differentiation of stem cells, regeneration, morphological variation, metamorphosis, etc. The systems of developmental biology have relevance across a vast array of industries and areas of scientific research such as medicine, agriculture, etc. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex advancements in this field. Some of the diverse topics covered herein address the varied branches that fall under this category. This book, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in the area of developmental biology at various levels.

Urban forestry is concerned with the growth, management and sustenance of varied species of trees in urban settings. Planning and management of individual trees and parks in cities and other urban spaces fall under this area of study. Such green spaces are crucial in metropolitan areas for a number of purposes including refining air quality, maintaining ecological balance, improvement of microclimate, etc. This book aims to present concepts and principles related to planning and management of urban forestry in a comprehensive manner while also bringing modern techniques and models into focus. Some of the diverse topics covered in this book address the varied branches that fall under this category. It studies, analyzes and upholds the pillars of urban forestry and its utmost significance in modern times. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights into this field.

Biotechnology integrates the fields of biology and engineering. It uses biological systems and models to develop various products or processes for industrial purposes. Modern developments in the field of biotechnology have also facilitated advancements in the field of medicine. Principles of biotechnology are also applied in areas like genetics, immunology, etc. This book contains some path-breaking studies in the field of biotechnology. It traces the progress of this field and highlights some of its key concepts and applications. The various studies that are constantly contributing towards advancing technologies and evolution of this field are examined in detail. With state-of-the-art inputs by acclaimed experts of this field, this book targets students and professionals.

Molecular biology is a broad field of biochemistry that is concerned with the study of biological activity between biomolecules as well as their interactions with DNA, RNA and proteins. It further strives to understand biosynthesis mechanisms occurring in cells. As a field of scientific study, structural biology is the sub-discipline of molecular biology that is concerned with the study of macromolecules and their structural development and functions. Recent research in structural and molecular biology has transcended into interdisciplinary areas of bioinformatics, computational biology, evolutionary biology, population genetics and many others. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the theory and practice of this field. It elucidates new techniques and their applications in a multidisciplinary manner. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies on molecular biology have been included herein. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.

Rice is one of the most widely grown crops in the world. A greater part of Asia, Africa and parts of Europe and Latin America depend on rice as a staple diet. It is also important from an economic perspective as it is considered a nutritional and affordable food in low and middle-income countries in the world. Progress in this field has been achieved by innovations in biotechnology, genetics, GPS, drone technology, and image sensing which are used to map and analyze farmlands, soil quality, agricultural practices, irrigation, drought management practices, among many others. This book discusses modern rice growing methodologies and practices. It further elucidates new techniques and their applications in rice production. Students and researchers who want to stay abreast of the latest innovations and studies in this field will greatly benefit from this book.

Bioinformatics undertakes the development of software systems and methods for biological data analysis and storage. Statistics, computation and other bioinformatics tools are fundamental to the development of analytical models which are used to study biological data accumulated during processes like genome sequencing and annotation. The aim of this book is to present researches that have transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. Chapters in this book cover a number of crucial theories and concepts while also discussing their practical applications. It includes some of the vital pieces of work being conducted across the world on various topics related to bioinformatics. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject. Researchers and students in this field will be assisted by this book.

This book is designed to provide thorough information in the area of plant pathology. It is the study of the plant structure, the nature and effect of diseases they are susceptible to. Diseases in plants are often caused by either pathogens or abnormal physiological conditions. Plant pathology has relevance and applications across a number of other scientific fields such as crop production and management, forest science, etc. It also covers aspects of disease resistance and management in plants, causative pathogens, etc. This book unfolds the innovative aspects of plant pathology which will be crucial to the progress of the field in the future. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included herein. This book also consists of researches that have transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. It is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.

Plant science is the in-depth study of plants, their growth, life processes, genetics and other related aspects. It is a sub-field of biology and also known as botany. It encompasses all aspects of plant reproduction, evolution, pathology, physiology, genetics and taxonomy. It branches out into sub-disciplines of plant biochemistry, plant ecology, plant anatomy, etc. This field plays a crucial role in agriculture, biodiversity conservation, horticulture, environmental management, etc. The objective of this book is to give a general view of the different areas of plant science, and their applications. It aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects and recent researches in this field. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights into plant science. It is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for botanists, agricultural engineers, ecologists, professionals and experts involved in this area at various levels.

Aquaculture is the science that deals with the sustainable breeding, rearing and harvesting of aquatic organisms. It is an emerging practice to meet the global demands of food across the world. Fisheries worldwide are suffering due to intensive fishing, a lack of adequate scientific methods to support the marine ecosystem and excessive pollution and toxicity. The field of aquaculture has witnessed consistent research and study in recent years, aimed at improving breeding practices, production statistics and environmental sustainability. This book explores the principles and practices of aquaculture. It elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to this field. The book is meant for students and all professionals who are looking for an elaborate reference text in this area of study.

Aquaculture engineering is a branch of engineering that aims to solve the challenges faced in aquaculture systems. It includes the study of sustainable farming of aquatic vertebrates, invertebrates and algae. This field is significant to the growth and expansion of aquaculture industry. It employs knowledge of mechanical, environmental and biological systems in a multidisciplinary manner. Some significant aspects of aquaculture engineering include aquaponics, wastewater treatment, recirculating aquaculture system, etc. This book contains some path-breaking studies in the field of aquaculture engineering. It also discusses the modern methodologies and their practical applications. It will help new researchers by foregrounding their knowledge in this subject. Scientists and students actively engaged in this area will find this book full of crucial and unexplored concepts.

The aim of this book is to present researches that have transformed the discipline of microbiology and aided its advancement. Microbiology is the study of all types of microorganisms: unicellular, multicellular or a cellular. It is a vast subject that encapsulates a range of other fields of study such as parasitology, mycology, bacteriology, etc. The concepts and principles of microbiology are applied to a number of areas such as in the development of efficient methods of industrial fermentation or in the use of microorganisms as molecular carriers of DNA material, etc. Chapters compiled herein cover in detail some of the existing theories and innovative concepts revolving around this field of study. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies on microbiology have also been included in this book. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.

The energy derived from renewable sources such as sun, wind, rain, tides, etc. is known as renewable energy. These sources are preferred over conventional sources of petroleum and coal because they are naturally replenished in small timescales. They can be found in almost every geographical area unlike conventional resources. Some of the most widely used renewable energy technologies include wind power, hydropower, geothermal energy and solar power. They are primarily used for the purpose of electricity generation, apart from usage in the transportation industry. This book is a compilation of chapters, which discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in this field. It includes some of the most significant pieces of work being conducted across the world, on various topics related to renewable energy. Researchers and students actively engaged in this field will be assisted by this book.

Systems biology is defined as the mathematical and computational modeling of biological systems. It is also integral to the field of bioinformatics. The concepts of systems biology are used across several fields of study such as genomics, phonemics, proteomics, etc. The field also involves the study of metabolic and cell signaling networks to understand the properties and functions of cells, tissues, etc. in living organisms. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to systems biology. The topics included in this book are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to the readers. With its detailed analyses and data, this book will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.

Oceanography is the study of oceans along with their physical and chemical processes. This field has relevance across a number of scientific fields such as hydrology, hydrography, meteorology, limnology, etc. Oceanography covers a range of topics including ocean acidification, ocean currents, wave dynamics, etc. From theories to research to practical applications, chapters related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included in this book. It covers some of the vital pieces of work being conducted across the world, on various topics related to oceanography. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.

Livestock management is an integral part of animal husbandry. Livestock are the domesticated animals raised on a farm or an agricultural setting to obtain products like fur, meat, milk, eggs, leather, etc. or for the purpose of farm labor. Livestock management encompasses the complete well-being and health of all farm animals. This book presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. The chapters compiled herein also shed light on adoption of new methods and practices as a result of scientific advancement over the years. Thus, from theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included in this book. It will prove to be immensely beneficial to students and researchers in this field.

Animal genetics is the study of the genes and heredity traits amongst animals. It involves the breeding and genetic manipulation of superior quality animals primarily to achieve disease resistance. It is primarily applied to the areas of animal husbandry and livestock management. Animal genes are also studied to understand the evolution, growth and anatomy of animals. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex advancements in this field. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies in the area of animal genetics have been included herein. It includes contributions of experts and scientists, which will provide innovative insights into this discipline.

This book attempts to provide information about the key concepts and theories related to the field of hydrology in comprehensive detail. It also discusses the modern principles and practices of this field. Hydrology refers to the study of all aspects related to water such as its movement, quality, distribution, type etc. Some of the prominent applications of hydrology are the estimation of rainfall, construction of dams, facilitation of potable water, development of urban drainage systems, among many others. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the principles and practice of hydrology, enabling the reader to gain a thorough understanding of the subject. Students, researchers, experts and all associated with the discipline of hydrology will benefit alike from this book.

Forest management is concerned with the administration of forests and development of effective methods of forest conservation. It is a sub-discipline of forestry. All the diverse aspects related to the maintenance and conservation of forests such as aesthetics, silviculture, cutting roads, timber extraction, forest regulation, etc. fall under this field. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to forest planning and management. It aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of this field, as well as highlight the modern research studies and trends. While understanding the long-term perspectives of the topics, the book makes an effort in highlighting their impact as a modern tool for the growth of the discipline. Scientists and students actively engaged in this field will find this book full of crucial and unexplored concepts.

Forests form a primary ecosystem of our planet. They are responsible for almost 75% of the gross primary productivity of the Earth's biosphere. Temperate, boreal, tropical forests are some of the most commonly known types of forests. Apart from being sources of minerals, herbs and other natural resources, forests also help in maintaining the ecological balance of our planet. They provide habitat to numerous species of plants and animals. This book covers in detail some existent theories and innovative concepts revolving around forest, ecology, biodiversity and conservation. It is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital approaches and emerging trends in this field. From theories to research to practical applications, studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included in this book. The extensive content herein provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject. This book will prove to be immensely beneficial to students and researchers of this field.

Molecular biology is the study of biomolecules, their activities and interactions with each other in various systems of the cell. This area of study has relevance across other scientific fields of research such as genetics, bioinformatics, immunology, biochemistry, etc. Molecular cloning, gel electrophoresis and polymerase chain reaction are some of the important techniques of molecular biology. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies in this field have been included in this book. While understanding the long-term perspectives of the topics, the book also makes an effort in highlighting their impact as a modern tool for the growth of this discipline. Scientists and students actively engaged in this field will find this book full of crucial and unexplored concepts.

Environmental science is a vast field concerned with the study of numerous environmental phenomena. As a discipline, environmental science integrates theories and concepts of many other scientific fields like biology, chemistry, plant science, limnology, etc. Ecology, on the other hand, is an interdisciplinary field of biology that studies the relationships of organisms with their immediate surroundings. Ecology has a number of applications across various fields of study such as conservation biology, natural resource management, wetland management, etc. This book attempts to present the concepts and theories central to the field of ecology in detail and examine their relevance in the field of environmental science. It unfolds the innovative aspects of ecology and illustrates how the techniques of this field can be applied for the progress of environmental science in the future. The topics included in this book are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.

Food processing and preservation is concerned with the transformation of raw or cooked food into products that can be stored, packaged and marketed. The emerging trends in food processing and preservation aim to maintain the nutritional quality of food and minimize food wastage. Some of the common practices of this field include pasteurization, mincing, canning, liquefaction among many others. This book is a comprehensive study of food processing and preservation methods and the suitability of each with reference to the nature of food. The various studies that are constantly contributing towards advancing technologies and evolution of this field are examined here. Students and researchers in the areas of food science and food process engineering will find this book a valuable source of information.

Climate change is one of the most significant concerns facing the modern world. It refers to a long-lasting abrupt or abnormal change in weather patterns. Climate change is caused by both natural factors such as plate tectonics, volcanic eruptions and solar radiation, as well as human activities that cause environmental pollution. Research in this domain investigates geological evidences to create past climate records, make future projections as well as understand the causes and effects of climate change. This book aims to serve as a source of information on the concepts and theories central to this field of study. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies on this subject have also been included in this book. Chapters in this book cover a vast array of topics related to climate change. Students, researchers, experts and all associated with this field of study will benefit alike from this book.

Climatology or climate science is the study of climate, especially weather conditions over a long period of time. The concepts of climatology are used to analyze accumulated data for pattern recognition. Such recognized patterns are used to forecast weather. Recent advances in this field of science have given rise to a number of modern approaches in related areas of research such as paleoclimatology, historical climatology, etc. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of climatology and their application in weather forecasting. It is a complete source of knowledge on the present status of this important field. Easy to understand language and extensive use of examples makes this book an ideal reference text for students and researchers alike.

Botany is the study of plants and the life processes related to them. Botany as a scientific field holds relevance across a number of other areas such as plant physiology, medicine, epigenetics, human nutrition, etc. and is crucial for their development. It covers a range of topics such as plant anatomy, plant morphology, plant hormones, evolution and many other aspects related to plants. Research in botany explores the study of plant structure, growth, differentiation, taxonomy, evolution, etc. This book studies, analyzes and upholds the pillars of botany and its utmost significance in modern times. A number of latest researches have been included to keep the readers up-to-date with the global concepts in this area of study. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights into this field. It is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.

Cell is the fundamental unit of life. The chemical, metabolic and physiological processes of cell organelles, as well as their interactions with their environment together are studied in cellular biology. Cell biology examines cell's life cycle which includes the study of the fundamental structures and functions of cell as well as an analysis of the different signaling pathways within the cell. Research in cellular biology is of significance in the field of genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, immunology, etc. There has been rapid progress in this field and its applications are finding their way across multiple industries. This book covers in detail some existing theories and innovative concepts revolving around this field. It contains some path-breaking studies in the area of cell biology contributed by international experts. Cell biologists, geneticists, bioengineers, academicians and students will benefit alike from this book.