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An Encyclopedic Treatise on the St. Petersburg School Based on unprecedented use of archival sources in St. Petersburg and the United States, this encyclopedic treatise is dedicated to the individuals associated with the development of international legal doctrine and state practice for two centuries in the capital of the Russian Empire. Well over four hundred are identified and the contributions of principal figures are summarized or critiqued. St. Petersburg University, which celebrated its 300th anniversary in 2024, is the key institution, but others played a role. The contributions of each are examined. The "St. Petersburg School" is broadly construed to encompass jurists and international legal practitioners whose contact with the capital was brief, but nonetheless documented. The ethnic origins of the St. Petersburg international legal community are impressive in their diversity: Russians, Ukrainians, Belorussians, Georgians, Moldovans, Poles, Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, Baltic Germans, Jews, and Hungarians, augmented by individuals from Scandinavian and Western European countries. Extensive bibliographical references, as well as photographs of 60 of the lawyers, enrich the existing corpus of contributions by St. Petersburg to international legal doctrine. William E. Butler has written extensively on the history of international law, including as the editor and translator of V. E. Grabar, The History of International Law in Russia 1647-1917 (Oxford, 1990); the two-volume F. F. Martens, Contemporary International Law of Civilized Peoples (Clark, NJ, 2021-2022); and author of Grotius on War and Peace in English Translation (Clark, NJ, 2021). He is the founding editor of Jus Gentium: Journal of International Legal History (2016-). The John Edward Fowler Distinguished Professor of Law, Penn State Dickinson Law, he is also Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law in the University of London (University College London) and Foreign Member, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. Vitalii S. Ivanenko has published extensively on the history of international law in Russia with particular reference to St. Petersburg, most especially the monumental ¿¿¿¿¿-¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿ [St. Petersburg School of International Law] (2019; 2d ed. 2022; 3d ed. 2024) in two volumes. He held positions as senior lecturer, docent, professor, Head of the Chair of International Law, and Pro-Rector for Scientific Work at universities in Baranul and St. Petersburg before, in 1995, becoming Docent at St. Petersburg State University, serving from 1999 to 2011 as Head of the Chair of International Law there. xxiv, 638 pp., 60 b&w illustrations.

In this book, the author discusses the history and significance of gatherings of lawyers to share food, wine, and conversation. Conviviality is a cornerstone of these gatherings. He includes sample menus with commentary and sample recipes of dishes listed in these menus. This volume should entertain and instruct every lawyer and person interested in the legal profession, the law, food, and social occasions.50 pp., 18 b&w illustrations.

The probable place of the origins of humanity, the African continent constitutes a regional laboratory of comparative law, among the richest on the planet. For the legal comparatist it has everything to offer: the earliest possible origins of law and legal systems; a remarkable plethora of ethnic identities and affiliations; an impressive history of customary and theological laws; the experience of being practitioners and subjects of colonial experience; the purveyors and recipients of alien and competitive laws and legal systems within Africa; objects of Christian and Islamic proselytizing; the legal impact of slavery; and the challenges of decolonization and independence, to mention but some of the contextual and direct impacts upon legal development on the African continent. The legal systems of most African countries are influenced by varied sources of law, foreign and domestic. These foreign laws may be of English, French, Portuguese, or German origin and may have been impacted by Christianity and Islam. These external influences have significantly affected how African legal systems are organized today. Yet, Africa's pre-colonial heterogenous customary laws, institutions and religions persist. The present volume brings together comparatists from eight African jurisdictions who explore legal traditions and change in that most fundamental domain of comparative jurisprudence: family law, with particular reference to marriage and divorce. Recommendations are made for legislative change in key domains to comply with international obligations and to improve the quality of family legal relations. xiv, 567 pp.

The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation records the fundamental transformation in Russian criminal law in the post-Soviet era and reflects the accumulated experience of three decades of criminal policy. Since its inception in 1996, the Code has expanded in size substantially. The current version contains the responses of the Russian Federation to its new perception of its place the international community.William E. Butler is the John Edward Fowler Distinguished Professor of Law, Dickinson Law, Pennsylvania State University; Emeritus Professor of Comparative Law in the University of London (University College London); Academician, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine, and Russian Academy of Natural Sciences; Associate, International Academy of Comparative Law; member, international courts of commercial arbitration of Kazakhstan, Russian Federation, and Ukraine. He has published widely on Russian law, including the standard work Russian Law and Legal Institutions (3d ed.; 2021).liv, 409 pp.

The Civil Code of the Republic Uzbekistan as amended to 1 January 2023 is a central key normative legal act for foreign investors and of considerable interest to the comparative law community as a leading Central Asian model for a legal system in transition from the socialist legal tradition to a more market-oriented legal system. William E. Butler is the John Edward Fowler Distinguished Professor of Law, Penn State Dickinson Law, Emeritus Professor of Comparative Law, University College London, author of numerous works on post-Soviet legal systems, including Russian Law and Legal Institutions (3d ed.; 2021). He is among the most experienced translators of Russian-language legal texts.lxix, 475 pp.

Substantially revised and expanded, this edition contains more than 25,000 words and phrases drawn from the legislative acts, international treaties and doctrinal writings of the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Unlike the great majority of other legal dictionaries, its terminological base is founded on Russian legal practice and usage. The English translations are intended to convey the literal meaning of Russian terms and minimize confusion by ascribing them, insofar as possible, to their sole or principal English equivalents. William E. Butler is the John Edward Fowler Distinguished Professor of Law, Penn State Dickinson Law, and Emeritus Professor of Comparative Law, University College London. The author of numerous works on post-Soviet legal systems, including Russian Law and Legal Institutions (3d ed.; 2021), he has over sixty years of experience as a translator of Soviet and CIS materials ranging from articles, major treatises, codes, legislative acts and treaties to other international and comparative legal materials.xxxii, 172 pp.

Comparative lawyers from Belarus, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, Ukraine and the United States explore the contributions of Eastern and Central European comparatists mostly unknown outside the region in 25 essays addressing individuals, processes and institutions from the sixteenth century to recent times. Most names will be unfamiliar to comparative lawyers not from the region; some overlap in their geographical affiliation, and the boundaries of the region itself are controversial. Several contributors give attention to Slavic law and its place within historical comparative studies. New light is cast on the development of comparative legal studies during the Soviet era and some of the principal personalities involved.xiv, 562 pp.

The pre-eminent Russian international lawyer of the pre-1917 era, Fedor Fedorovich Martens (1845-1909) is best known abroad for his role in bringing to fruition the 1899 and 1907 Hague peace conferences (including the celebrated Martens Clause), his involvement in major international arbitrations ("international judge of the world"), and his seminal annotated fifteen-volume treaty collection (parallel French and Russian texts). He also produced a two-volume (General and Special Parts) treatise on international law which between 1882 and 1905 went through five editions. The present volume contains the Special Part of the Martens "course", available for the first time in English and the only version in any language to take into account the changes made by the author between editions, including sections omitted in later versions. Martens develops his concept of the international community, the respective roles of "civilized" and "non-civilized" peoples as a man of his generation understood those categories, the importance of "international administrative law", the central role of human rights in human civilization, the embryonic principles of international humanitarian law, emerging constraints of the right to go to war and on the conduct of warfare, with substantial attention to the history of international law. At long last the English reader has access to the leading Russian thinker and diplomatist of the Imperial Russian period, influential in shaping the substance of international law down to the present, with an exceptional command of Russian State practice. Fedor Fedorovich Martens was Professor of International Law at St. Petersburg University, nominated repeatedly for the Nobel Peace Prize, senior legal advisor to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Emperor of the Russian Empire, member of the Hague Permanent Court of International Arbitration, diplomatic historian, a principal architect of the Hague peace conferences, author of major treatises on international law and the leading Russian textbook, recipient of honorary doctorates at continental and American law schools, and a member of the Institute of International Law elected to numerous academies of sciences, including the Russian Academy of Sciences. William E. Butler has written extensively on the history of international law and is the founding editor of Jus Gentium: Journal of International Legal History (2016-). He is the John Edward Fowler Distinguished Professor of Law, Dickinson Law, Pennsylvania State University; Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law in the University of London (University College London); and Foreign Member, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. xxv, [3], 502 pp.

The First English Translation and the Only Version in Any Language to Address Changes Made by the Author First published in Russian in 1882-1883, Contemporary International Law of Civilized Peoples ranks among the greatest treatises on international law and relations written during the nineteenth century. In this work Martens develops his concept of the international community and the respective roles of "civilized" and "uncivilized" peoples, and promotes several concepts that would become important in the twentieth century, such as the importance of "international administrative law" and the central role of human rights. The work has two complementary parts: the General Part, which addresses the conceptual and historical foundations of international law, the status of the international community, states, and individuals and territory and law of treaties, and the Special Part, which addresses Martens's concept of international administration, diplomatic and consular law, human rights, private international law, international criminal law and the laws of war and neutrality. Enriched by an extensive biographical introduction, Butler's is the first English translation of this important work and the only version in any language to address changes made by the author between editions, including sections omitted in later versions. At long last, the English reader has access to the leading Russian thinker and diplomatist of the Imperial Russian period, one who continues to influence the development of international law. Fedor Fedorovich Martens [1845-1909] was professor of international law at St. Petersburg University, repeated candidate for the Nobel Peace Prize, senior legal advisor to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Emperor of the Russian Empire, member of the Hague Permanent Court of International Arbitration, a principal architect of the 1899 and 1907 Hague peace conferences, an important historian of diplomacy, and the author of several major treatises on international law. A recipient of honorary doctorates at Continental and American law schools and a member of the Institute of International Law, he was elected to numerous academies of sciences, including the Russian Academy of Sciences. William E. Butler has written extensively on the history of international law and is the founding editor of Jus Gentium: Journal of International Legal History (2016-). He is the John Edward Fowler Distinguished Professor of Law, Dickinson Law, Pennsylvania State University; Professor Emeritus of Comparative Law in the University of London (University College London); and Foreign Member, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. lxii, 355 pp.

Written in a lucid style and well illustrated, Justice Holmes: The Measure of His Thought offers a biographical look at the influences that have shaped his judicial outlook, especially his open-minded refusal to inject his own views into his legal decisions. The authors demonstrate-especially through United States Supreme Court Justice Holmes's 1919 opinions on speech-what would be obvious to a veteran of the courtroom, but not always to a biographer or a professor: that there is a big difference between "questions of law" before an appellate judge, and "questions of fact" determined by a trial judge or jury. The authors also examine Holmes's childhood and family influences as well as his Civil War experience that shaped his views on natural law and religion.The book describes Holmes's intellectual influences and includes photos of his book collection now at the Library of Congress. Through a discussion of the letters Holmes wrote at his Beverly Farms, MA home where he summered when the Court was not in session, we are given a window into his remarkable wit as well as his philosophical views. The book includes rare photographs of Beverly Farms.

Despite the demands of a practice undertaken without today's modern conveniences-and electricity-many 19th century lawyers and judges in America found the time, and had the inclination, to write poetry. Edited by Michael H. Hoeflich, an expert on 19th century American legal practice, this collection, which includes poems by President John Quincy Adams and Supreme Court Justices Joseph Story and Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., offers a window into life in 19th century America as reflected in the practice of law, which by its very nature is entwined in so many stages of life.

The First Book to Examine the Trial Itself The kidnapping and murder of Charles A. Lindbergh, Jr. touched off one of the most massive manhunts in the history of American crime detection and generated so much publicity at home and abroad that it was touted as the "Crime of the Century." The arrest of Bruno Richard Hauptmann in connection with the kidnapping inevitably led to the "Trial of the Century." Although Hauptmann was almost universally detested at the time of the trial, the tide of public opinion began to change with his conviction. In the decades following Hauptmann's execution, writers have advanced one theory after another seeking to pin the blame upon various members of the Lindbergh household and others. Almost every aspect of the crime and the investigation has been examined and critiqued-with one exception. No one has written a critical analysis of the trial itself. This book seeks to remedy that omission with an investigation and evaluation of the marshalling, presentation, and arguing of the evidence, and a study of the post-conviction litigation.This innovative book includes: a thorough analysis of the evidence presented at trial by both the prosecution and defense a comprehensive critique of the performance of the lawyers a discussion of inculpatory scientific evidence available to, but not used by, the prosecution a section listing the major protagonists in the investigation and trial a timeline a modular analysis of the prosecution case a table of cases