Bøger i Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library serien

Wind erosion occurs in many arid, semiarid and agricultural areas of the world. It is an environmental process in?uenced by geological and climatic variations as well as human activities. In general, wind erosion leads to land degradation in agricultural areas and has a negative impact on air quality. Dustemissiongeneratedbywinderosionisthelargestsourceofaerosolswhich directly or indirectly in?uence the atmospheric radiation balance and hence global climatic variations. Strong wind-erosion events, such as severe dust storms, may threaten human lives and cause substantial economic damage. The physics of wind erosion is complex, as it involves atmospheric, soil and land-surface processes. The research on wind erosion is multidisciplinary, covering meteorology, ?uid dynamics, soil physics, colloidal science, surface soil hydrology, ecology, etc. Several excellent books have already been written about the topic, for instance, by Bagnold (1941, The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes), Greeley and Iversen (1985, Wind as a Geological P- cess on Earth, Mars, Venus and Titan), Pye (1987, Aeolian Dust and Dust Deposits), Pye and Tsoar (1990, Aeolian Sand and Sand Dunes). However, considerable progress has been made in wind-erosion research in recent years and there is a need to systematically document this progress in a new book.

This book is a new and revised second edition of the book 'The Climate of the Arctic', published in 2003.

The sensor was built with the idea that it may be useful for meteorological research and especially rainfall studies over the oceans, but success in this area of study was very limited.

Written for climatologists and applied statisticians, this book explains the bootstrap algorithms (including novel adaptions) and methods for confidence interval construction. The accuracy of the algorithms is tested by means of Monte Carlo experiments.

My acquaintance with Australasia and South Asia is limited to short study visits, but includes continuous contacts with colleagues at key research institutions in India, namely the India Meteorological Department, the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, and Andhra University.

The interpretation of ocean surface signals sensed from satellites demanded thorough knowledge of upper ocean processes and their connection to the ocean interior.

Hydrodynamic models of clouds and fog constructed on the basis of these equations have made it pos sible to formulate the fundamental regularities in the formation and evolution of large-scale cloud fields, and also to ascertain the structural features of clouds of various kinds.

This book offers a unified approach to complex practical problems in Earth Sciences, showing how neural networks are well suited for applications in satellite remote sensing, meteorology, hydrology, oceanography, weather prediction and climate studies.

This book presents an extensive analysis of the dynamics of discrete and distributed baroclinic vortices in a multi-layer fluid that characterizes the main features of the large and mesoscales dynamics of the atmosphere and the ocean.

This book provides a detailed description of light absorption and absorbents in seawaters with respect to provenance, region of the sea, depth of the occurrence and trophicity.

This book offers a comprehensive review of current knowledge on how natural and anthropogenic land-use and cover changes affect weather, air quality and climate worldwide, and explains how these changes might trigger further land-use and land cover changes.

This book presents a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) research. It focuses on experimental ABL research and discusses new subjects such as micro-rain radars and the use of ceilometers for ABL profiling.

This book presents a global hydrographic description of the thermohaline circulation, an introduction to the theoretical aspects of this phenomenon, and observational evidence for the theory.

This book fills a gap in knowledge of breaking waves and their influence on the generation of marine fluxes from ocean surfaces.

Chapter 11 deals with the formulation of a regional spectral model for mesoscale modeling which uses a double Fourier expansion of data and model equations for its transform.

This book thoroughly covers the development of the theory of rotating hydraulics, making frequent use of supporting laboratory models and observational data. The need to understand rotating hydraulic phenomena is growing as general interest in climate and global circulation is continuously increasing.

Scientists investigating the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere now believe that the drag coefficient, and the coefficients of heat transfer and moisture transfer at the sea surface, all increase with an intensification of the wind, reaching high values during a storm.

Cloud physics has achieved such a voluminous literature over the past few decades that a significant quantitative study of the entire field would prove unwieldy. cloud electricity, which deals with the electrical structure of clouds and the electrification processes of cloud and precipi tation particles;

THE STUDY OF THE BIOSPHERE The term 'biosphere' first appeared in the works of the French biologist 1.-B. Several terms have been suggested for the science of the biosphere, including global ecology (a discipline studying the global ecological system, whose meaning is close to that of the biosphere).

Part of the excitement in boundary-layer meteorology is the challenge associated with turbulent flow - one of the unsolved problems in classical physics.

This book contains a detailed presentation of mathematical computations. It uses a main unifying technique (asymptotic expansion based on scale analysis) throughout the book to develop various applications.

During the last 20 years the study of, and the prediction of, changes in the climate of our planet have become an urgent social imperative, addressed to scientists the world over.

However, vigorous research has taken place over the past five years in various areas of tropical climate dynamics, especially in the atmosphere-ocean mechanisms of climate anomalies, climate prediction, ocean circulation, and paleoclimates.

Prior to the space age, meteorologists rarely paid particular attention to the height regions above the tropopause. The region in between, presently known as the middle atmosphere, was almost terra incognita above the height reachable by balloons.

using Global Climate Models (GCMs): extensive computer programs that simulate the main The Climate Change Atlas is a means of visually atmospheric physical processes determining both representing, comparing and communicating the voluminous numerical results derived from current today's climate and also possible future climates.

In addition, problems related to the image transfer through clouds and cloud remote sensing are addressed in this book in great detail.This book can be an important source of information on theoretical cloud optics for cloud physicists, meteorologists and optical engineers.

Climate variability has major impacts in many parts of the world, including Australia. The state of the science in climate forecasting is reviewed before considering detailed examples of applications to: farm scale agricultural decisions (such as management of cropping and grazing systems);

In addition to the estimation and the monitoring of pollutant concentrations in the air around their sources, by way of observational data and also by calcu lations on the basis of theoretical research, it is now possible to make short term forecasts of air pollution and to use them to regulate industrial emissions.