Bøger i Current Natural Sciences serien

No detailed description available for "Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis and Related Topics with R".

The Earth is the only planet in the Solar System where liquid water is present on the surface, a condition that seems necessary for the development of life. Its sisters Venus and Mars are extremely different. Why did these three planets, born under fairly comparable conditions, evolve to the conditions we observe today? Understanding the physical or chemical factors that are at the origin of such divergent evolutions is a first step in an approach to the problem of the origin of life on Earth.

Thanks to their improved performance and the continuous decrease of their manufacturing costs, lithium batteries, initially marketed in 1991 by SONY to power portable equipment, now play a key role in the expected massive development of electric mobility.Connected to the electricity grid via the electrified vehicles they will power, lithium batteries will also be used as a massive means of buffering renewable energies, as well as tools for supporting the network (peak shaving, frequency regulation, etc.), making it possible to multiply their usefulness beyond their primary function (ensuring vehicle mobility). These developments will profoundly transform our societies, and will not only make it possible to significantly reduce CO2 emissions and the consumption of fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal), but also, if they are conducted and coordinated effectively, to contribute to economic growth. The development of electric mobility thus offers a unique opportunity to reconcile legitimate environmental protection requirements with industrial development objectives.The aim of this book is to provide the reader with an overview of lithium battery technologies, to give an overview of current initiatives around the world, and to outline some perspectives for the future.

Even in the age of Internet, when information and knowledge are just a click away, few probably know what is psychophysics and what is it for.Psychophysics can be romantically defined as the science that measures the soul, namely the sensory soul. Psychophysics estimates the sensibility and looks for the threshold, that ephemeral limit between the sensed and the not sensed, the perceived and the not perceived, the seen and the not seen. It is a challenging task, since this limit is like a butterfly twirling over a flowery meadow, and psychophysics is the tool aimed at measuring as exactly as possible the height of its flight.At the boundary between experimental psychology and sensory neuroscience, psychophysics is not confined within a theoretical framework, but has great importance also in the clinical setting: audiologists, ophthalmologists, optometrists, orthoptists as well as neuropsychiatrists make use of psychophysics in many of their diagnostic protocols.This book aims at describing the principles of this discipline in a simple yet rigorous form, so as to make psychophysics understandable to the broad audience of non-psychophysicists. And, why not, even to reveal its hidden charm...

Understanding how diverse planet systems were formed and how they evolved are challenges that hundreds of researchers are working on. Does any of these planets harbor life?We do not yet have an answer, but the new means of observation that astronomers have and will soon have at their disposal are so powerful that they could give a first answer soon

The description of ocean water masses is based on the study of their temperature, salinity, and density, virtual genetic imprints which provide identity and movement to water masses.

Our knowledge of the Milky Way has been deeply renewed since a dozen years, following the results of the astrometric satellite HIPPARCOS, and those of large stellar surveys. Many concepts thought to be well established disappeared, to be replaced by others going towards a larger complexity: in particular, the discovery of radial migrations of stars has blurred the simple image that we had of the Galactic disk. There has been large progress in some domains, for instance the physics of the Galactic Center with its super-massive black hole; other problems remain unsolved, such as the nature of the dark matter existing like a halo around our Galaxy. This book reviews our present knowledge of the Milky Way, in the simplest and most didactic way as possible. Basic notions are always recalled, which make the book accessible to readers without any advanced formation in astronomy. This basic work will be very helpful to understand the results expected from GAIA, the new ESA astrometric satellite launched on December 19, 2013.

Group action analysis developed and applied mainly by Louis Michel to the study of N-dimensional periodic lattices is the main subject of the book. Different basic mathematical tools currently used for the description of lattice geometry are introduced and illustrated through applications to crystal structures in two- and three-dimensional space, to abstract multi-dimensional lattices and to lattices associated with integrable dynamical systems. Starting from general Delone sets authors turn to different symmetry and topological classifications including explicit construction of orbifolds for two- and three-dimensional point and space groups. Voronoï and Delone cells together with positive quadratic forms and lattice description by root systems are introduced to demonstrate alternative approaches to lattice geometry study. Zonotopes and zonohedral families of 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-dimensional lattices are explicitly visualized using graph theory approach. Along with crystallographic applications, qualitative features of lattices of quantum states appearing for quantum problems associated with classical Hamiltonian integrable dynamical systems are shortly discussed. The presentation of the material is done through a number of concrete examples with an extensive use of graphical visualization. The book is addressed to graduated and post-graduate students and young researches in theoretical physics, dynamical systems, applied mathematics, solid state physics, crystallography, molecular physics, theoretical chemistry, ...