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Gain the skills required to dive into the fundamentals of the RISC-V instruction set architecture. This book explains the basics of code optimization, as well as how to interoperate with C and Python code, thus providing the starting points for your own projects as you develop a working knowledge of assembly language for various RISC-V processors.The RISC-V processor is the new open-source CPU that is quickly gaining popularity and this book serves as an introduction to assembly language programming for the processor in either 32- or 64-bit mode. Yoüll see how to write assembly language programs for several single board computers, including the Starfive Visionfive 2 and the Espressif ESP32-C3 32-bit RISC-V microcontroller. The book also covers running RISC-V Linux with the QEMU emulator on and Intel/AMD based PC or laptop and all the tools required to do so.Moving on, yoüll examine the basics of the RISC-V hardware architecture, all the groups of RISC-V assembly language instructions and understand how data is stored in the computer¿s memory. In addition, yoüll learn how to interface to hardware such as GPIO ports. With RISC-V Assembly Language Programming yoüll develop enough background to use the official RISC-V reference documentation for your own projects.What You'll LearnProgram basic RISC-V Assembly LanguageSee how data is represented and stored in a RISC-V based computerMake operating system calls from Assembly Language and include other software libraries in projectsInterface to various hardware devicesComprehend code containing Assembly LanguageReverse engineer and hack codeUse the official RISC-V reference documentationWho This Book Is ForThose who have already learned to program in a higher-level language like Python, Java, C# or even C and now wish to learn Assembly Language programming.

Learn the fundamental principles of electronic components in a simple, easy-to-follow text. This book is a must-have for anyone seeking to master the basics of electronic engineering.Completely avoiding unnecessary complex technical concepts and highly mathematical terms, chapters are presented in simple language, using analogies that are familiar to everyone. From deciphering schematics to practical implementation, the knowledge imparted in these pages opens doors to exciting possibilities. You'll gain a solid understanding of crucial components like diodes, transistors, relays, ICs, DC motors, and more.Whether you're a student looking to grasp the fundamentals or a maker eager to bring your projects to life, ABCs of Electronics is your essential companion. What You'll LearnGain the skills to read and implement electronic schematicsDevelop a practical understanding of digital electronics, logic gates, and prototyping platforms.Discover how to work with DC motors and relays for various electronic applications.Acquire essential electronics knowledge Simplify the complexities of electronics and offer practical, hands-on guidance.Who This Book Is ForMakers, high school and college students pursuing electronic engineering, individuals with a general interest in electronics, and anyone seeking a practical and simplified approach to learning the fundamentals of electronics.

Take control of your machine building and production processes with computer-run tools to safely use, or even build, a durable machine for use in your garage or even a startup company. This book provides best practices for laser cutters, 3D printers, CNC mills, vinyl cutters, and more. You'll begin by learning the history of digitally controlled tools, as well as how they work and what materials you can use with them. With this knowledge, you won¿t just learn how to make common machines work, yoüll go to the next level and build your own machine¿whether that be a plasma cutter or a CNC milling machine.You will learn how they use these tools to create amazing products, art, and even new machines! Yoüll also find handy overviews of tools, software, and materials to use in a reference appendix. After reading Mastering Digitally Controlled Machines yoüll be able to create something for yourself, your community, or your company.What You'll LearnUse accessible computer-controlled machines safely to make anything you want to buildFit the right tool and materials with the right projectsBuild your own CNC machine custom tailored to your project¿s needs Who This Book Is ForPeople who want to understand how accessible computer-controlled tools work and build any kind of product themselves. Makerspaces, Fab Labs, and similar spaces will benefit. And people who want to create prototypes and products for themselves or their company/ startup, or to start creating prototypes without much prior knowledge.

Improve your projects by leveraging the power of interrupts. This comprehensive guide makes it easy to understand and use interrupts with the ATmega328P microcontroller found on Arduino boards. With over 20 interrupts available, this book covers almost all of them and provides background information on how they work. Yoüll work through the steps and code examples required to configure each of the covered interrupts. You'll also learn how to use them with Arduino, AVR C++ and with other development systems, like PlatformIO.Interrupts can be intimidating, but by the end of this book, you will have the knowledge and skills to take full advantage of them and improve the performance and efficiency of your Arduino projects. What Yoüll Learn Understand interrupts and how they workMake interrupts easier to use in codeUse interrupts in their Arduino sketches or AVR C++ applicationsSee how to use interrupts in the Arduino Language and in AVR C++Avoid common pitfalls when working with interrupts Who This Book Is ForIntermediate to advanced-level programmers who want to learn how to use interrupts in their Arduino sketches or AVR C++ applications..

Although Wi-Fi communication is incorporated in many internet-based applications, knowledge of alternative communication protocols is vital for optimal project development with a microcontroller, such as the ESP32. This book focuses on communication protocols for the ESP32 microcontroller with illustrative projects ranging from a Bluetooth Low Energy beacon communicating with your smart wristwatch to Long Range (LoRa) communication between microsatellites circling 550km above the Earth and an ESP32 microcontroller in your home. Just as there are different communication protocols, there are different ESP32 microcontroller formats. Yoüll examine the features of several ESP32 microcontroller formats, which enable the optimal combination of communication protocol and ESP32 format to achieve the requirements of a project. Several of the communication protocols and ESP32 formats have only been available in the last few months or years, making the book very relevant.Eachchapter focuses on a communication protocol and is stand-alone, so they can be read without having to start from the beginning of the book. The chapters are loosely grouped into short- and long-range communication, image management for transmission to a webpage or a remote LCD screen, and the required apps and IoT techniques for remote control of an ESP32-CAM robot vehicle. The advantages of each communication protocol correspond to different project types.What You'll LearnStudy the MESH communication protocol and the ESP-NOW protocol with communication between ESP32 microcontrollers without a Wi-Fi connectionReview email communication projects with an ESP32 and generation of quick response codes to instruct an ESP32 to control a connected device.Look at the ESP32-CAM module built around a 2M-pixel camera for streaming images with the WebSocket protocol to a remote ESP32Control an ESP32-CAM robot car through remote communication over the internet with image streaming to an Android tablet or mobile phone.Who This Book Is For

Start from scratch and build a variety of features for autonomous mobile robots both in simulation and hardware. This book will show you how to simulate an autonomous mobile robot using ROS and then develop its hardware implementation. You'll start by gaining an understanding of the basic theoretical concepts underlying the development of autonomous robots, including history, mathematics, electronics, mechanical aspects, 3D modelling, 3D printing, Linux, and programming. In subsequent chapters, you will learn how to describe kinematics, simulate and visualize the robot, how to interface Arduino with ROS, tele-operate the robot, perform mapping, autonomous navigation, add additional sensors, sensor fusion, laser scan matching, web interface, and more. Not only will you learn theoretical aspects, yoüll also review the hardware realization of mobile robots. Projects start with a very basic two-wheeled mobile robot and progress to complex features such as mapping, navigation, sensor fusion, autodocking, and web interface. Upon completing this book, yoüll have incorporated important robot algorithms including SLAM, Path Finding, Localization, and Kalman Filters ¿ and you will be ready to start designing and building your own autonomous robots. What You Will Learn Design and build your customized physical robot with autonomous navigation capabilityCreate a map of your house using the robot¿s lidar scannerCommand the robot to go to any accessible location on the mapInteract with the robot using a mobile app, joystick, keyboard, push-button, or remote computerMonitor robot updates via LCD, a mobile app, sound, and status LEDsAutomate delivery of small payloads and return to home baseUtilize autodocking to home base for battery chargingLeverage sensor fusion to improve accuracyInterface with the robot via the Web to monitor and control it remotelyWho This Book Is ForComplete beginners who want to build customized robots from scratch. No experience is expected, although basic programming knowledge could be handy.

Learn to use the Arduino boards to do big jobs in a simple way. This book is full of real-world examples for Arduino enthusiasts of all experience levels. All of the examples in this book use Arduino UNO, which is an excellent option for educational purposes. You'll start with an introduction to Arduino and see firsthand how its free multi-platform integrated development environment (IDE) makes coding easier. In many cases, you can edit the given codes to solve your own problems. ¿Arduino boards use a variety of microcontrollers and each board is suitable for a specific application. The Arduino IDE is also preloaded with a broad library of codes that you can modify and practice with. So instead of coding from scratch you can adjust the codes for similar projects. More experienced users will save time by simply copying nuggets of code from the various libraries.You'll also learn about digital input/output (I/O), analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, LCDs and EEPROM. The book then moves on to serial communication, mathematical functions, and pulse width modulation (PWM), all important features when encoding in telecommunications. Finally, you'll see how to control different types of motors, review interrupts, internal comparators, and timers, and read different sensors with Arduino.What You Will LearnTurn on/off a device using a relayGenerate analog/digital outputRead an analog/digital inputControl motors with a parallel virtual machine (PVM) and serial communicationDisplay text with LCDsRead sensors with Arduino and use the interruptsWrite more efficient codes with interrupts and timersWho This Book Is ForEngineering (electrical/computer/biomedical/robotic/mechatronics/aerospace) and science (math/physic/chemistry) students, makers, and hobbyists. Being familiar with a programming language (especially C) is an advantage, however, it is not necessary.

Open up the exciting world of electronics with 3D circuit designing tools and create your own fresh new projects. With this quick guide yoüll use high-quality graphical programs to create, modify, and update circuits in an interactive, virtual environment that can also be used in the real world. Follow along with the tutorials and get the chance to play with electronics safely before getting your hands dirty. In just a few minutes, yoüll start creating your first circuit. Yoüll focus more on how the components layout together than on worrying about design to get started. Watch as different electronic components receive different signals and test them in different situations and circuit conditions first before moving on to real-life testing. When yoüre ready, yoüll work with real breadboards and microcontrollers, such as the Arduino, to bring your simulated circuits and projects to life. Once you have your circuit put together, work with basic Arduino programming to give it purpose and make it respond to your commands. By the end of the book you'll have mastered the basics of both circuit design and programming. What You'll LearnEngineer electrical equipment for little to no costMeasure different electrical signals, such as voltage, temperature, light, and moreProgram Arduinos to work with your new circuitsWho This Book Is ForStudents and hobbyists interested in electrical engineering and programming who want to dive into experimentation virtually before working with real-world circuits.

LEGO Mindstorms and SPIKE Prime are great products with vast capabilities, but are often so complex that many people don¿t know how to use them. LEGO provides a walk-through of a few projects to build, which are cool, but after building these many people get stuck on ¿now what?¿ This book answers that question by showing the underlying principles required to build their own ideas.This book is a hands-on tour of how machines work with LEGO¿there¿s nothing like building a machine with your own two hands to understand how it works. It includes aspects of software engineering, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering. As parts and associated engineering concepts are presented, they will be shown in their practical use with graphical step-by-step assembly instructions. The concepts conveyed are mostly learned through building examples, with text explanation to reinforce the ideas being learned. Every engineering concept has a building example to go with it, in a quick build of less than 15 assembly steps. At the end of each chapter there¿s a project to tie the concepts of the chapter together of a little more complexity, involving 15 to 30 steps. These assembly steps are drawn with a computer aided design program that looks like the diagrams that LEGO produces for its products, so readers will be familiar with the look of the assembly directions. What You'll LearnLayout a Word Blocks or Python computer program from scratchSee how LEGO building elements are meant to be assembledManipulate the power source of a rotating shaft from an electric motorUse gears to alter the speed and torque of a power trainChange the motion from a rotating shaft to a desired action Basic mechanisms (turntable, differential, cam, ratchet, etc.) to Use sensors (motion, distance, light, color) to make interactive inventionsIntegrate mechanical, software, and electrical subsystems in a projectWho This Book Is ForThe knowledge presumed in this book is basic familiarity in building with LEGO, having past experience with building a set of moderate complexity of more than a 100 pieces. Basic familiarity with operating a personal computer is also assumed, such as to install an app. Likely interested readers are: LEGO fans looking for ways to build new and better inventions, middle-school and high-school age students who have an interest in science, math, and engineering, adults who like to learn how things work and tinker with inventions, and educators who use the SPIKE Prime set and are looking for new ideas for lesson plans.

Embark on a journey into the world of embedded programming. This book introduces you to the 32bit PIC and will teach you how the main functions of C programming work and can be used with a PIC micro.A one-stop reference for the would-be embedded programmer, you'll explore the electronics needed for a variety of programs as well as how to use different devices with the PIC. The book starts with downloading the environment and creating a simple project, one that uses different oscillators, Phase Lock Loop, and circuitry needed to create the different system clocks¿an easy entry point to this exciting environment. You'll also review the MPLABX integrated development environment (IDE) and see how to program the 32Bit PIC, which can be adapted to different PICs.Throughout subsequent chapters, yoüll learn how to use a range of programs that use PIC modules such as the SPI, I2C, UART communication modules, the ADC module, the Capture, Compare, and Pulse Width Modulationmodule, and the RTCC, Real Time Clock and Calendar Module.What You'll LearnCreate a project in MPLABX Configure the different clock frequencies that are used in the 32bit PICBuild a variable delay subroutine to be used in a simple traffic lights programUse the MAX 7219 driver IC to control the 8by8 matrix displayProgram an I2C expander module to control the display on a LCDWho This Book Is ForReaders who want to try their hand at embedded programming, newcomers to programming the PIC 32, programmers who want to look into using MPLAB Harmony 3, and programmers who want to understand how C instructions work with respect to 32bit PIC. Also students who are studying for an engineering qualification.

This book Identifies the right sensors and single board computers for any application to achieve the best performance in Industry 4.0 settings and applications. Yoüll see what technologies apply the IIoT with elegant efficiency to drastically improve remote monitoring and controlling, decision making, and preventative maintenance. Start by learning exactly what Industry 4.0 is and advance your knowledge from simple Internet of Things projects to full-on Industrial IoT deployment. You'll automate advanced processes, incorporate professional procedures, and take your IoT skills to a professional level. Then move into the protocols and standards expected for industrial applications of sensors at an industrial level. Match the right SBCs to the right use cases and sensor technologies to optimize efficiency and ensure peak performance. Then move into setting up a smart factory and monitoring your supply chain with tech. Finally, you'll dive into programming with theNode-Red platform and Python packages for CPS.By the end of this book, yoüll have jumped from simple, home-based IoT systems up to industrial and professional applications. Conquer your supply chain and both forward and backward processes with accessible Maker tech! What You'll Learn Support industrial applications of SBCs and Maker tech Achieve peak performance by combining the right sensors with the right processing boards Improve remote monitoring and controlling drastically for better decision making and preventative maintenance Who This Book Is ForStudents and aspiring professionals working with Internet of things technologies moving towards industrial applications. Prerequisite knowledge in basic Internet of Things, simple python concepts, automation, and industry procedures is required for this book. Engineers and scientists who are pursuing research and contributing to industrial internet of things might also benefit.

Build a complete control system for industrial robots, learning all the theory and practical tips from the perspective of an automation engineer. Explore the details of kinematics, trajectories, and motion control, and then create your own circuit board to drive the electric motors and move the robot.After covering the theory, readers can put what they¿ve learned in practice by programming a control firmware for the robot. Each software component is described in detail, from the HMI and the interpreter of motion commands, to the servo loop controller at the core of each servo drive. In particular, the author presents the commutation algorithm and the servo loop controller for brushless synchronous motors, which are typically employed in robotics applications. Readers will also learn how to calibrate the robot, commission it to the end-user, and design a digital twin to test and monitor the entire workcell in a safe simulated environment.Finally, the book delves into hardware, covering how to select and use electric motors and encoders, how to build servo drives and motion controllers, and how to design your own PCBs. Different electronic components and their application circuits are analyzed, showing the advantages and drawbacks of each. By the end of the book you should be able to design and build electronic boards and write their core firmware to control any kind of industrial robot for all sorts of different practical applications.What yoüll learnSolve kinematics models of robotsGenerate safe paths and optimal motion trajectoriesCreate a digital twin of your robot to test and monitor its movementsMaster the electronic commutation and closed-loop control of brushless motorsDesign electronics circuit boards for motion applicationsWho This Book Is For Robotics engineers (and students) who want to understand the theory behind the control of robotics arms, from the kinematic models of their axes to the electronic commutation of their motors. Some basic calculus and linear algebra is required for the understanding of the geometrical framework, while some electronics foundations are helpful to grasp the details of the circuits design.

Have you ever dreamed of designing your own LEGOs? Do you love building huge LEGO models, but don¿t have enough bricks? This book will show you how to do all that and more with Bricklink Studio 2.0, a software program that's widely used by LEGO designers to create LEGO models virtually before making them with real LEGO bricks. You'll learn how to start a new project, use the camera control options, and drag and drop parts into your building plate. Then take your bricks from a pile of random pieces into intricate masterpiece models using building tools like Select, Hinge, Clone, Hide, Connect, Collision, and more! Yoüll master all the building tools that help you build LEGO models. Then yoüll learn to search and manage LEGO bricks in Studio 2.0 using different palette options like Master, Hidden parts, and Custom parts. Beyond the official LEGO colors, there are special color options you can use to render neon, glow in the dark, and translucent brick. Use this expanded color palette to add to the complexity of your models, and then render your model to see it realistically in 3D! Yoüll also learn to animate your model and watch it come to life. After finishing your design, yoüll learn to share what yoüve built with the world. Yoüll create professional LEGO instructions for your model that can be printed or shared. Making you a true LEGO design master! What You'll LearnMake fascinating models with virtual LEGO bricks Design LEGO models more efficiently with Studio 2.0¿s powerful tools Use ¿Build Together¿ simultaneously with another designer on the same project Build massive, amazing models on a small budget Who This Book Is ForAnyone interested in digital modelling or who loves building with LEGOs. Students, hobbyists, and enthusiasts will find fun learning activities.

Gain complete understanding of electronic systems and their constituent parts. From the origins of the semiconductor industry right up until today, this book serves as a technical primer to semiconductor technology. Spanning design and manufacturing to the basic physics of electricity, it provides a comprehensive base of understanding from transistor to iPhone. Melding an accessible, conversational style with over 100 diagrams and illustrations, Understanding Semiconductors provides clear explanations of technical concepts going deep enough to fully explain key vernacular, mechanisms, and basic processes, without getting lost in the supporting theories or the theories that support the supporting theories. Concepts are tethered to the real world with crisp analysis of industry dynamics and future trends.    As a break from the straight-ahead scientific concepts that keep the world of semiconductors spinning, Understanding Semiconductors is liberally sprinkled with apt analogies that elucidate difficult concepts. For example, when describing the relationship between voltage, current, power, and the flow of electricity through an electronic system, the book draws a parallel to a hot shower and the water utility system. Most of these are paired with clear visuals, giving you the best chance possible to absorb the concept at hand before moving on to the next topic.  Whether you're narrowly technical or don't know silicon from silly putty, working directly in hardware technologies and want to know more, or simply a curious person seeking hard information about the technology that powers the modern world, Understanding Semiconductors will be an informative, dependable resource.   What You'll Learn:         Charge, Electricity, and Basic Physics          What are Semiconductors         The Semiconductor Value Chain and Design Trade-Offs         Transistors and Other Common Circuit Building Blocks         Semiconductor Design from Concept to Tapeout          Wafer Fabrication and Semiconductor Manufacturing Process         Integrated Circuit (IC) Packaging and Signal & Power Integrity (SIPI)         Common Circuits and System Components          RF and Wireless Technologies         System Architecture and Integration         The Semiconductor Industry - Challenges, History, and Trends         The Future of Semiconductors and Electronic Systems Who This Book Is For: People working directly in the semiconductor, electronics, and hardware technologies fields or in supporting industries, hobbyists and new electrical engineering enthusiasts with minimal technical experience or pre-existing qualifications, and curious individuals interested in learning more about a fascinating area of technology. Though designed for a non- or semi-technical reader, engineers focused in one particular domain can also use this book to broaden their understanding in areas that aren't directly related to their core area of expertise.