Bøger i The City in the Twenty-First Century serien

In many rapidly urbanizing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, local politics undermines the effectiveness of urban planning. Politicians have incentives to ignore formal urban plans and sideline planners, and instead provide urban land and services through informal channels in order to cultivate political constituencies (a form of what political scientists refer to as ¿clientelism¿). This results in inequitable and environmentally damaging patterns of urban growth in some of the largest and most rapidly urbanizing countries in the world. The technocratic planning solutions often advocated by governments and international development organizations are not enough. To overcome this problem, urban planners must understand and adapt to the complex politics of urban informality.In this book, Chandan Deuskar explores how politicians in developing democracies provide urban land and services to the urban poor in exchange for their political support, demonstrates how this impacts urban growth, and suggests innovative and practical ways in which urban planners can try to be more effective in this challenging political context. He draws on literature from multiple disciplines (urban planning, political science, sociology, anthropology, and others), statistical analysis of global data on urbanization, and an in-depth case study of urban Ghana.Urban planners and international development experts working in the Global South, as well as researchers, educators, and students of global urbanization will find Urban Planning in a World of Informal Politics informative and thought-provoking.

Even as postindustrial cities have climbed from the depths of decline in the twenty-first century, they have witnessed a cruel paradox: with prosperity has come greater inequality. Tracing the origins and effects of uneven revitalization, this book examines the genesis of America's second urban crisis and prospects for its resolution.

New Towns for the Twenty-First Century considers the ideals behind new-town development, the practice of building them, and their outcomes. Case studies provide histories of new towns in the United States, Asia, Africa, and Europe and impart lessons learned from practitioners.

Perspectives on Fair Housing provides historical, sociological, economic, and legal perspectives on the critical and continuing problem of housing discrimination and offers insight on the tools required to address it.

Life Among Urban Planners explores the practices of professional city-making in a variety of global contexts. Contributors emphasize planners' cultural values and personal assumptions and examine what their commitment to thinking about the future means for the ways in which people live in the present and preserve the past.

The essays in How Ideas Shape Urban Political Development argue that ideas have been the real drivers behind urban political development and offer as evidence national and international case studies.

Based on interviews in Portland, Chicago, Miami, and Minneapolis/Saint Paul, How Real Estate Developers Think depicts the entrepreneurial personality of the developer, explores the meaning of "good design," and examines the economic risks and rewards of development.

Former two-term mayor of Miami Manny Diaz shares lessons learned from governing one of America's most diverse and dynamic urban communities.

In Design After Decline, Brent D. Ryan chronicles the fraught and intermittently successful rebuilding of Detroit and Philadelphia in recent decades, concluding that small-scale strategies must give way to a revived combination of innovative urban design and social planning.

Ed Bacon is the first biography of the innovative and controversial urban planner who transformed Philadelphia in the mid-twentieth century.

Street commerce is deeply intertwined with myriad contemporary urban visions and planning goals and has become an increasingly prominent issue in urban areas. In Street Commerce, Andres Sevtsuk offers a comprehensive analysis of the issues involved in implementing successful street commerce and suggests innovative solutions.

Iconic Planned Communities and the Challenge of Change shows how the resilience of iconic planned communities, from New Lanark to Seaside, depends upon diverse approaches to sustaining their visionary spirit and features while adapting them to the needs of later generations.

In Shareholder Cities, Sai Balakrishnan argues that some of India's most decisive conflicts over its urban futures will unfold in the regions along the new economic corridors, such as the Mumbai-Pune Expressway, where electorally strong agrarian propertied classes directly encounter financially powerful incoming urban firms.

Richard M. Freeland reviews how Northeastern University in Boston, historically an access-oriented, private urban university serving commuter students from modest backgrounds and characterized by limited academic ambitions and local reach, transformed itself into a selective, national, and residential research university.

This volume surveys the current rapid growth in urban populations and begins to formulate a global urban agenda for the next half century. Drawing from a wide range of disciplines, contributors tackle issues ranging from how cities can keep up with fast-growing housing needs to the possibilities for public-private partnerships in urban governance.

Spurred by an unprecedented crime wave in 1996, University of Pennsylvania President Judith Rodin knew that the time for urgent action had arrived, and she set a new course of proactive community engagement for her university. This book narrates the challenges, frustrations, and successes of Penn's campaign and its prospects for long-term change.

Slums: How Informal Real Estate Markets Work shows that unauthorized settlements in rapidly growing cities are not divorced from market forces; rather, they must be understood as complex environments where state policies and market actors play a role.

Shared Prosperity in America's Communities examines the degree to which place matters in the geography of economic opportunity; offers strategies to address the challenges of place-based inequality; and shows how communities across the nation are implementing change and building a future of shared prosperity.

Suburban sprawl has been the prevailing feature—and double-edged sword—of metropolitan America''s growth and development since 1945. The construction of homes, businesses, and highways that were signs of the nation''s economic prosperity also eroded the presence of agriculture and polluted the environment. This in turn provoked fierce activism from an array of local, state, and national environmental groups seeking to influence planning and policy. Many places can lay claim to these twin legacies of sprawl and the attendant efforts to curb its impact, but, according to John H. Spiers, metropolitan Washington, D.C., in particular, laid the foundations for a smart growth movement that blossomed in the late twentieth century.In Smarter Growth, Spiers argues that civic and social activists played a key role in pushing state and local officials to address the environmental and fiscal costs of growth. Drawing on case studies including the Potomac River''s cleanup, local development projects, and agricultural preservation, he identifies two periods of heightened environmental consciousness in the early to mid-1970s and the late 1990s that resulted in stronger development regulations and land preservation across much of metropolitan Washington.Smarter Growth offers a fresh understanding of environmental politics in metropolitan America, giving careful attention to the differences between rural, suburban, and urban communities and demonstrating how public officials and their constituents engaged in an ongoing dialogue that positioned environmental protection as an increasingly important facet of metropolitan development over the past four decades. It reveals that federal policies were only one part of a larger decision-making process—and not always for the benefit of the environment. Finally, it underscores the continued importance of grassroots activists for pursuing growth that is environmentally, fiscally, and socially equitable—in a word, smarter.

Revitalizing American Cities explores the historical, regional, and political factors that have allowed some small industrial cities to regain their footing in a changing economy, and considers strategies cities can use for successful rebuilding.

In Locked In, Locked Out, Zaire Zenit Dinzey-Flores examines four communities in Ponce, Puerto Rico, showing how gates-in both physical and symbolic ways-distribute power, reroute movement, sustain social inequalities, and cement boundary lines of class and race.

Written by researchers in education and urban policy, this volume offers useful insights into how to provide urban workers with the educational qualifications they need for real world jobs.

Looking at the shrinking cities of the Midwest and Northeast as well as New Orleans, urban planning experts examine the conditions of disinvested places and lay out ways policymakers and planners can approach the future through processes and ideas that differ from those applicable to growing cities.

Like a CAT scan of an organ, urban tomography documents metropolitan life by sampling and compiling multiple slices of a city. Using photography and audio recording, urban planning expert Martin H. Krieger scans contemporary Los Angeles to illuminate different aspects of a community, from work to worship.

Examines the experiences of the port authorities of Tampa, San Francisco, San Diego, and Philadelphia and Camden, organizations that diversified beyond traditional maritime cargo operations into new lines of business related to waterfront development.

"A furious, blues-tinged, erudite hymn to our greatest vernacular city. Read it and weep; read it and rejoice!"-Edward Hirsch, President, John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation

Underfunded pension liabilities are severely threatening many cities, and policymakers are increasingly turning their attention to the legacy issues surrounding the funding of pensions. Public Pensions and City Solvency addresses this complex fiscal issue and presents strategies to achieve financial sustainability.

In 2007, after serving almost fifteen years on the Philadelphia City Council, Michael A. Nutter became the ninety-eighth mayor of his hometown of Philadelphia. From the time he was sworn in until he left office in 2016, there were triumphs and challenges, from the mundane to the unexpected, from snow removal, trash collection, and drinkable water, to the Phillies'' World Series win, Hurricane Irene, Occupy Philadelphia, and the Papal visit. By the end of Nutter''s tenure, homicides were at an almost fifty-year low, high-school graduation and college-degree attainment rates increased significantly, and Philadelphia''s population had grown every year. Nutter also recruited businesses to open in Philadelphia, motivating them through tax reforms, improved services, and international trade missions.Mayor begins with Nutter''s early days in politics and ultimate run for mayor, when he formed a coalition from a base of support that set the stage for a successful term. Transitioning from campaigning to governing, Nutter shares his vast store of examples to depict the skills that enable a city politician to lead effectively and illustrates how problem-solving pragmatism is essential for success. With a proven track record of making things work, Nutter asserts that mayoring promises more satisfaction and more potential achievements—for not only the mayor but also the governed—than our fractious political system would have us believe.Detailing the important tasks that mayoral administrations do, Nutter tells the compelling story of a dedicated staff working together to affect positively the lives of the people of Philadelphia every day. His anecdotes, advice, and insights will excite and interest anyone with a desire to understand municipal government.

Nearly a decade after the housing market's collapse triggered the Great Recession, members of both sides of the political aisle are calling for reform. Principles of Housing Finance Reform lays out a roadmap for reforms for a new housing finance system to achieve liquidity, access, and sustainability.

Comparing metropolitan planning processes in Boston, Denver, and Portland, Christina D. Rosan examines the impact that various metropolitan governance arrangements have on regional land use decisions and challenges us to think more critically about the political arrangements necessary to govern sustainable metropolitan regions.