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An examination of the relationship between Abraham Lincoln's stance on labor and his opposition to slavery, shedding new light on one of the most prominent figures in American history. Schlüter's work challenges prevailing notions of Lincoln as a champion of social justice and exposes the contradictions at the heart of his political philosophy. This book will appeal to anyone interested in the intersection of labor and civil rights movements in American history.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

In 1861, as the American Civil War was beginning, John Lothrop Motley wrote a letter to the London Times articulating his views on the underlying causes of the conflict. Arguing that the war was the result of a fundamental clash between the principles of democracy and those of aristocracy, Motley's letter remains one of the most insightful analyses of the Civil War ever written. This book will appeal to anyone interested in American history and the causes of the Civil War.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

While historians have acknowledged that the issues of race, slavery, and emancipation were not unique to the American Civil War, they have less frequently recognized the conflict's similarities to other global events. As renowned historian Carl Degler pointed out, the Civil War was "one among many" such conflicts during the mid-nineteenth century. Understanding the Civil War's place in world history requires placing it within a global context of other mid-nineteenth-century political, social, and cultural issues and events. In The Civil War in the Age of Nationalism, Niels Eichhorn and Duncan A. Campbell explore the conflict from this perspective, taking a transnational and comparative approach, with a particular focus on the period from the 1830s to the 1870s. Eichhorn and Campbell examine the development of nationalism and its frequent manifestation, secession, by comparing the American experience with that of several other nations, including Germany, Hungary, and Brazil. They compare the Civil War to the Crimean and Franco-German wars to determine whether the American conflict was the first modern war. To gauge the potential of foreign intervention in the Civil War, they look to the time's developing international debate on the legality of intercession and mediation in other nations' insurgencies. Using the experiences of Indigenous peoples in the Americas, Africa, and the Antipodes, Eichhorn and Campbell suggest the extent to which the United States was an imperial project. To examine realpolitik, they study four vastly different practitioners--Otto von Bismarck, Louis Napoleon, Count Cavour, and Abraham Lincoln. Finally, they compare emancipation in the United States to that in Peru and the end of forced servitude in Russia, closing with a comparison of the memorialization of the Civil War with the experiences of other post-emancipation societies and an examination of how other nations mythologized their past conflicts and ignored uncomfortable truths in the pursuit of reconciliation. The Civil War in the Age of Nationalism avoids the limitations of American exceptionalism, making it the first genuine comparative and transnational study of the Civil War in an international context.

"Cecily Zander's "The Army under Fire" addresses two essential questions about the Civil War and its aftermath. First, what was the extent of anti-militarism in the Civil War era, and who were its proponents? Second, what consequences did political opposition to the professional army have on the war, Reconstruction, and postbellum western expansion? Zander suggests that the principal promotors of an anti-army ideology were the members of the Republican Party-the same men charged with overseeing the Union war effort between 1861 and 1865, as well as the military reconstruction of the nation in the decade that followed the collapse of the Confederacy. While scholars have long appreciated the Republican Party's anti-slavery roots, this study is the first to argue that anti-slavery attitudes developed in concert with a visceral anti-army ideology. Zander's work contains several historiographical interventions in the fields of Civil War history, nineteenth-century political history, and the history of the American West. She suggests that the Republican Party advanced an anti-army political philosophy in tandem with their anti-slavery ideology. Over almost two decades, they stalled legislation supporting the army, cut military funding, and reduced the institution's size. Zander's work counters narratives of accelerated western expansion supported by a more powerful army after the Civil War. She also advances a revised timeline for Reconstruction, suggesting that Republicans rapidly reduced their interest in supporting that policy in the South via military force between 1870 and 1872, which means the party's ideological commitment to the national reunification project ended four years earlier than the traditional date of 1876. Historians interested in the middle decades of the nineteenth century are likely to find "Republicans and Regulars in the Civil War Era" worthy of attention, especially scholars invested in the debates surrounding the chronological and geographic reframing of the Civil War and Reconstruction. Because of the notoriety of many of the work's most important characters-from Jefferson Davis and William Seward to Thaddeus Stevens and Zachariah Chandler, as well as William Tecumseh Sherman, Phillip Sheridan, and Ulysses S. Grant-general readers are also likely to be interested in this study"--

"J. Matthew Ward's Garden of Ruins is a social and military history of Civil War-era Louisiana. Delving deep into primary sources, Ward examines military occupation and state coercion from Union and Confederate authorities, concluding that despite the revolutionary potential of occupation, it was a conservative state mechanism that replicated much of the antebellum social order in the state. He suggests that social stability during wartime, and ultimately victory itself, developed from the capacity of military powers to secure their territory, governing powers, and civilian populations. White and Black residents, in turn, pressed Union and Confederate powers for supplies, security, and redress of grievances. Union troops occupied southern Louisiana beginning in May 1862, expanding their reach for the remainder of the war. During that occupation, Union forces relied on a comprehensive occupation structure that included military actions, social regulations, destabilization of slavery, and the creation of a complex bureaucracy. Struggles between Union forces and civilians, Ward suggests, reveal how occupation became a war on southern households and culture. Before occupation and in unoccupied regions of Louisiana, he shows that little functional difference existed between Confederate governmental and military forces. By examining the coercive policies of the state's Confederate government alongside civilian efforts to patrol the loyalty of their communities, Ward concludes that the Confederate war effort was also a joint production, one that urges historians to consider warfare as more than battles and strategy-it was a social event that revealed the underlying connections between people and state. Garden of Ruins reveals the Civil War, state-building, and democracy itself as contingent processes through which Louisianans shaped the world around them. It also shows that power during the conflict and immediately afterward was a collaborative production between occupying military forces and civilians. Ward's study is certain to be of interest to historians and general readers interested in the Civil War homefront in Louisiana"--

In this compelling new study, Carol E. Harrison and Thomas J. Brown chart the rise and fall of the Zouave uniform, the nineteenth century's most important military fashion fad for men and women on both sides of the Atlantic. Originating in French colonial Algeria, the uniform was characterized by an open, collarless jacket, baggy trousers, and a fez. As Harrison and Brown demonstrate, the Zouaves embraced ethnic, racial, and gender crossing, liberating themselves from the strictures of bourgeois society. Some served as soldiers in Papal Rome, the United States, the British West Indies, and Brazil, while others acted in theatrical performances that combined drag and drill. Zouave Theaters analyzes the interaction of the stage and the military, and reveals that the Zouave persona influenced visual artists from painters and photographers to illustrators and filmmakers.

Military uniforms, badges, flags, and other material objects have been used to represent the identity of Americans throughout history. In The Fabric of Civil War Society, Shae Smith Cox examines the material culture of America's bloodiest conflict, offering a deeper understanding of the war and its commemoration. Cox's analysis traces the influence of sewn materials throughout the Civil War and Reconstruction as markers of power and authority for both the Union and the Confederacy. These textiles became cherished objects by the turn of the century, a transition seen in veterans replacing wartime uniforms with new commemorative attire and repatriating Confederate battle flags. Looking specifically at the creation of material culture by various commemoration groups, including the Grand Army of the Republic, the Woman's Relief Corps, the United Confederate Veterans, and the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Cox reveals the ways that American society largely accepted their messages, furthering the mission of their memory work. Through the lens of material culture, Cox sheds new light on a variety of Civil War topics, including preparation for war, nuances in relationships between Native American and African American soldiers, the roles of women, and the rise of postwar memorial societies.

" 'The Limits of the Lost Cause' is a collection of essays that challenge the prevailing ways of thinking about the impact of the Civil War on the American South. Foster's introduction provides a comprehensive overview of scholarship on the Lost Cause and Civil War memory that highlights the emergence of two ways of thinking about these topics: an older one, pioneered by C. Vann Woodward, that made a case for a southern identity shaped by defeat and guilt; and a more recent one, prevalent not only in current scholarship but in the press and public discussion, that suggests the South is still fighting the Civil War."--

Frank J. Wetta and Martin A. Novelli's Abraham Lincoln and Women in Film investigates how depictions of women in Hollywood motion pictures helped forge the myth of Lincoln. Exploring female characters' backstories, the political and cultural climate in which the films appeared, and the contest between the moviemakers' imaginations and the varieties of historical truth, Wetta and Novelli place the women in Lincoln's life at the center of the study, including his mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln; his stepmother, Sarah Bush Lincoln; his lost loves, Ann Rutledge and Mary Owens; and his wife and widow, Mary Todd Lincoln. Later, while inspecting Lincoln's legacy, they focus on the 1930s child actor Shirley Temple and the 1950s movie star Marilyn Monroe, who had a well-publicized fascination with the sixteenth president. Wetta and Novelli's work is the first to deal extensively with the women in Lincoln's life, both those who interacted with him personally and those appearing on screen. It is also among the first works to examine how scholarly and popular biography influenced depictions of Lincoln, especially in film.

Most histories of wounded Civil War veterans construe them as feminized men whose manhood has suffered due to their inability to provide for and raise families or engage in business. Wounded for Life complicates this picture by examining how seven veterans-six soldiers and one physician-coped with their changed bodies in their postwar lives.Through these intimate stories, author Robert D. Hicks looks at the veteran's body as shaped by the trauma of the battlefield and hospital and the construction of a postwar identity in relation to that trauma. Through his research, he reveals the changing social circumstances of the late 19th and early 20th centuries as they impacted the traumatized veteran's body. This engaging book is equal parts Civil War history, disability and gender history, and the history of the body that discloses the impact of war on a wounded warrior.

Discover the incredible stories of twenty-nine Civil War soldiers from Washington County, Pennsylvania, as told by best-selling author Jim Douglas. With meticulous research, Jim has uncovered the complete story of the soldiers from this county who marched off to war, answering the call of patriotism.Through his book, Jim takes us on a fascinating journey, sharing the lives of these soldiers from their humble beginnings to their experiences on the battlefield, and their remarkable lives after the war. Jim reveals the struggles and triumphs of each soldier, and how their experiences shaped their lives and the lives of their descendants many of whom served in later conflicts.With hundreds of stunning images, many expertly hand-colored by the author, Jim brings these soldiers to life once more. Through his vivid retelling of their stories, we learn how some veterans were merely fun-loving scamps, while others led the life of a scoundrel, and some were true American heroes.Join us on this remarkable journey as we uncover the unvarnished truth of what these soldiers endured when they returned home. Let Jim's expert storytelling and powerful images transport you back to a pivotal moment in our nation's history, and experience the lives of these brave soldiers as if you were there. These are stories that deserve to be told.

Civil War Soldiers of Edgar County, Illinois: Harrison and William Nay tells the story of two brothers who served in the Civil War and wrote home to their sister from their places of duty. One was young, single, and a volunteer in 1862. The other was forty, married with six children and one on the way, when he was drafted in 1864. The younger was captured in the Battle of Chickamauga and spent nine months in Confederate prisons, finally dying of scurvy at Danville, Virginia. The older was drafted three months after his brother died in 1864 and served in the Army of the Cumberland participating in the Battles of Franklin and Nashville. With the end of the war in April 1865, the older brother was mustered out of the service and returned to his home in time to celebrate the Fourth of July. There he became a large and prosperous farmer until his death in 1898.This is also the story of their sister, Lucinda (Nay) Yowell and her descendants, who preserved the letters until they came to the attention of the author some 150 years later. The author presents this volume in recognition of the 158th anniversary of the end of the Civil War and in recognition of all the ordinary soldiers who have served "so that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom-and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."The author, Dr. W. Edward Rolison, is Professor Emeritus and former Head of the Department of the Social Sciences at Southwestern Oklahoma State University at Weatherford, where he taught political science and history for thirty-five years. He recently published On Democracy: Essays on Principles Fundamental to American Government and the 2020 Presidential Election (2023)."Old Abe is a hard man to work for and he pays his hands when he gets ready." --- Harrison Nay, December 26, 1862."Harriet informs me she is trying to get me a substitute. If she does, it would suit me very well as this is rather

At 4:00 a.m., April 12, 1861, Confederate Lt. Henry S. Farley, commanding a battery of two 10-inch siege mortars, fired the first shot at the Union garrison in Fort Sumter. The shell exploded above the fort, showering the deserted parade ground with fragments of hot iron. That one shell ushered in the bloody epic of the American Civil War. Seven-hundred-fity thousand men, perhaps more, were killed in battle, died from wounds, or from disease. In addition, 400,000 were wounded and many of those lived the rest of their lives with amputated arms and legs. Numerous others battled post-traumatic stress disorder and other psychological maladies. Four months after personally witnessing the sweeping rout of the Yankee army at Bull Run, Congressman James B. McKean of Saratoga Springs, New York, issued a circular to his constituents calling for the formation of the Bemis Heights Battalion, subsequently designated the 77th New York State Volunteer Infantry. Electrified by the spirit of patriotism that swept through Saratoga like a wildfire, and the determination to join in the fight to put down the "unholy rebellion," twenty-one-year-old Luther Miller Wheeler offered his aid to B.F. Judson of The Saratogian newspaper in recruiting a company for the regiment, despite his mother's severe misgivings. She fervently sought to dissuade Luther from "taking any steps which should separate him from her, for he was dearer to her than her own life." But to his mother's forceful protestations, Wheeler invariably replied, "Someone has got to go to help put down this rebellion and I am not better than anyone else that I should be excused." His mother reluctantly relented only when he firmly declared, "You must give me up, as I have given myself up." I Think I Shall See a Hundred Battles is a compilation with commentary of the Civil War letters Luther M. Wheeler. His war correspondence entailed letters to his mother, brothers Frank and Wendell, and his sister Abigail. In his letters, Luther boasted of his robust health and fitness for military life and eagerly sought promotion to higher rank. He wrote of military life, Northern politics, Union war strategy, the courage and bravery of the Confederate soldier, the carnage of battle and aftermath, the Emancipation Proclamation, slavery and contrabands, Army commanders, and struggled with the role of Providence in the war. Wheeler also eagerly sought news from home, especially of his friends doings and who was courting whom. Luther Wheeler mustered into service September 24, 1861, commissioned as first lieutenant. April 12, 1862, he was promoted to captain of company C. Wheeler saw battle during the 1862 Peninsula Campaign, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and 2nd Fredericksburg in 1863. His last letter was written May 2, 1863, to his mother. The next day, the Union VI Corps charged up Marye's Heights. In Albion Howe's division, the 77th New York assaulted the portion of Marye's Heights at Telegraph Hill. Leading his men up the hill, Luther was mortally wounded, dying a few hours later. His death was a terrible loss for the officers and men of the regiment. More than 2,000 mourners witnessed the committal service for burial at Greenridge Cemetery. Col. McKean offered the final words: "Captain Wheeler! My heroic young friend, you have not died in vain. The flag of your country is going on to victory. The dear country for which you paid the price of your precious life shall yet be saved. No, you have not died in vain."

A biographical accounting of a Civil War Union Soldier. The book contains actual diary entries and letters written during the war along with historical photos. The writings found within the book will show the pain and turmoil that a Civil War soldier had to endure during that period in American history. It is compiled and written by his great, great grandson.

"The Mexican War brought vast new territories to the United States, which precipitated a growing crisis over slavery. The new territories seemed unsuitable for the type of agriculture that depended on slave labor, but they lay south of the line where slavery was permitted by the 1820 Missouri Compromise. The subject of expanding slavery to the new territories became a flash point between North and South."--

An impassioned and timely exploration of Abraham Lincoln's long-time rivalry--and eventual alliance--with Stephen Douglas. Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas are a misunderstood duo. History remembers them as antagonists, and for most of the years the two men knew each other, they were. In the 1830s, they debated politics around the stove in the back of Joshua Speed's store in Springfield, Illinois. In the 1850s, they disagreed over the Kansas-Nebraska Act and debated slavery as opponents for a Senate seat. In 1860, they both ran for president. Lincoln and Douglas ended as allies, though, against the greatest threat--slavery--that our country has ever faced. When Douglas realized he was going to lose the 1860 election, he stopped campaigning for himself and went South to persuade the slave states to accept Lincoln as president. After that effort failed, and the newly formed Confederate States of America bombed Fort Sumter, Douglas met with Lincoln to discuss raising an army. The story of how Lincoln and Douglas put aside their rivalry to work together for the preservation of the Union has important lessons for our time. We have just been through a presidential election where the loser refused to concede defeat, with violent consequences. Not only did Douglas accept his loss, he spent the final days of his campaign barnstorming the country to build support for his opponent's impending victory, setting aside his long-held desire for the presidency for the higher principle of national unity.

"From the bestselling author of The Indispensables, the unknown and dramatic story of irregular guerrilla warfare that altered the course of the Civil War and inspired the origins of America's modern special operations forces. The Civil War is most remembered for the grand battles that have come to define it: Gettysburg, Antietam, Shiloh, among others. However, as bestselling author Patrick K. O'Donnell reveals in The Unvanquished, a vital shadow war raged amid and away from the major battlefields that was in many ways equally consequential to the conflict's outcome. At the heart of this groundbreaking narrative is the epic story of Lincoln's special forces, the Jessie Scouts, told in its entirety for the first time. In a contest fought between irregular units, the Scouts hunted John Singleton Mosby's Confederate Rangers from the middle of 1863 up to war's end at Appomattox. With both sides employing pioneering tradecraft, they engaged in dozens of raids and spy missions, often perilously wearing the other's uniform, risking penalty of death if captured. Clashing violently on horseback, the unconventional units attacked critical supply lines, often capturing or killing high-value targets. North and South deployed special operations that could have changed the war's direction in 1864, and crucially during the Appomattox Campaign, Jessie Scouts led the Union army to a final victory. They later engaged in a history-altering proxy war against France in Mexico, earning seven Medals of Honor; many Scouts mysteriously disappeared during that conflict, taking their stories to their graves. An expert on special operations, O'Donnell transports readers into the action, immersing them in vivid battle scenes from previously unpublished firsthand accounts. He introduces indelible characters such as Scout Archibald Rowand; Scout leader Richard Blazer; Mosby, the master of guerrilla warfare; and enslaved spy Thomas Laws. O'Donnell also brings to light the Confederate Secret Service's covert efforts to deliver the 1864 election to Peace Democrats through ballot fraud, election interference, and attempts to destabilize a population fatigued by a seemingly forever war. Most audaciously, the Secret Service and Mosby's Rangers planned to kidnap Abraham Lincoln in order to maintain the South's independence. The first full chronicle of the shadow war between North and South, rich in action and offering original perspective on history, The Unvanquished is a dynamic and essential addition to the literature of the Civil War"--

A collection of essays that reveals the reality of war behind the pageantry of the American Civil War

Love and the Working Class is a unique look at the emotions of hard-living, racially diverse nineteenth-century Americans who were often on the cusp of literacy. Wrongly assumed to be inarticulate on paper, these laboring folk highly valued letters and, however difficult it was, wrote to stay connected to those they loved.

The subject of the War Between the States, as it pertained to Jackson County, Texas, and the story of the Confederacy, and its quest for independence, was one which provided ample grist from which a romance writer might glean the bountiful harvest of an inspired story. The conflict itself was not over emancipation of the slaves, though that event was a result of the war, but over different systems of economy: one commercial and industrial, the other largely agricultural. America had become two peoples, one seeking dominion over all peoples and all things, the other contented with the blessings bestowed by the good earth. Though the two peoples were joined by a written constitution, a numerical majority of one section imposed protective tariffs on the imports of the other. Tariffs are a bounty to one, a burden to the other. Tariffs have the effect of levying an unequal, and therefore unconstitutional, tax on the consumer. It is scarcely necessary to add that, although the romance is entirely imaginary, the author has naturally drawn upon his experiences and observations during the war, both in Jackson County, Texas, and while marching with his regiment, the Second Texas Infantry, C.S.A., in Tennessee and Mississippi.

Charles Stuart Tripler built a sterling reputation in the antebellum US Army. Veteran of the Seminole and Mexican-American wars, chief medical officer on the typhoid-ravaged voyage commanded by U.S. Grant, Tripler studied and lectured on advances in military medicine and wrote a standard US Army guidebook. Appointed Medical Director of the Army of the Potomac after First Bull Run, Tripler confronted the daunting task of building a medical infrastructure for America's largest army. His leadership enabled the near-capture of the Confederate capital during the Peninsula Campaign. Instead of advancement, fame, and recognition, lobbying by the US Sanitary Commission torpedoed his promotion. He remained loyal, in uniform, launching a medical installation for veterans - regardless of race - that continues today as a university research and learning facility. Only a tragic death at age sixty put an end to his Army career. Recent scholarship has begun correcting the trope that the Civil War was a medical disaster rife with inexperienced surgeons hacking off limbs. Instead, many practitioners were unsung heroes in a conflict overwhelming in its scope and effect on health and welfare. Tripler is an exemplar, and this freshly researched volume illuminates how health issues can become embroiled in politics, as replicated during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The official trail diary of pioneer woman, Sarah Jane Rousseau.For Sarah Jane Rousseau, an accomplished pianist from New Castle Upon Tyne, this seven-month journey means leaving all her gentrified comforts behind. It's a sacrifice she is willing to make, however, if she ever wants to walk again.After years of trying everything he could for his wife, Dr. James Rousseau is desperate to find a cure for Sarah's debilitating rheumatism. He hopes that a climate cure in the warm, dry air of California might be the answer she needs. While the Civil War is raging in the east, the Rousseaus join with three other families from Pella, Iowa to make the arduous covered wagon journey across the American Plains. Along the way, tensions run high under the stern captaincy of Sgt. Nicholas P. Earp. In Idaho Territory, unsuspecting emigrants are caught in the crossfire of angry Northern Plains Indians. In Utah, Mormons put Dr. James to the test while sickness runs rampant. When they leave, Paiute Chief Kanosh sends them with a guide who leads the Pella Company across the desolate Mohave Desert and into the Valley of Fire. By the time they reach the Sierra Nevada, food and water supplies are exhausted and every bit of ammunition spent. When the Rousseaus can go no further, the Pella Company leaves them stranded in Winter.In the only complete, surviving account from the Pella Company, read how the Iowans face fierce enemies, quicksand, hailstorms, poison water, and the blazing sun. Feel the budding romance between youths. See who has enough mettle to survive. And meet surprise heroes who restore the emigrants' faith in humanity.Sarah Jane Rousseau captures every exquisite detail in this family heirloom; now, a treasured tale of American History.