Sprog: historie og generelle værker

In celebration of the 700th anniversary of the birth of Dante in 1265 the Dante Society of Toronto invited six internationally known scholars to address its members. Together, these contributions indicate the range and direction of Dante studies in North America today.

The new memoir from prize-winning writer and filmmaker Xiaolu Guo - playful, provocative and original, it's her deeply personal take on striving for a life of her own'When it comes to spinning light and shadow on the complexities of living, loving and language, Xiaolu Guo is one of the most valuable writers in the world' DEBORAH LEVYThe world can seem strange and lonely when you step away from your family and everything you have tried to call your own. Yet beauty may also appear. In the autumn of 2019 Xiaolu travelled to New York to take up her position as a visiting professor for a year, leaving her child and partner behind in London. The encounter with American culture and people threatens her sense of identity and throws her into a crisis - of meaning, desire, obligation and selfhood.This is a memoir about separation - by continents, by language, and from people. It's about being an outsider and the desperate longing to connect. Xiaolu uses her exploration of language (one of the meanings of the word 'radical' is the graphic component, or root, of Chinese characters), and her own life, to create this unique text. At once a memoir, a dictionary, and an ardent love letter, it is an expression of her fascination with Western culture and her nostalgia for Eastern landscapes, and an attempt to describe the space in between. An archive of an artist's search for creative freedom, it is above all else an intimate account of her efforts to carve out a life of her own.'Radical in angle of attack, smart and brave' IAIN SINCLAIR, author of The Gold Machine

This collection advocates for languages-based, translational research to be part of the partnerships and collaborations required to make sense of, and respond to, COVID-19 as one of the major global challenges of our time.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of our everyday lives - from the political to the economic to the social. Using a multimodal discourse analysis approach, this dynamic collection examines various discourses, modes and media in circulation during the early stages of the pandemic, and how these have impacted our daily lives in terms of the various meanings they express.Examples include how national and international news organisations communicate important information about the virus and the crisis, the public's reactions to such communications, the resultant (counter-)discourses as manifested in social media posts and memes, as well as the impact social distancing policies and mobility restrictions have had on people's communication and interaction practices. The book offers a synoptic view of how the pandemic was communicated, represented and (re-)contextualised across different spheres, and ultimately hopes to help account for the significant changes we are continuing to witness in our everyday lives as the pandemic unfolds.This volume will appeal primarily to scholars in the field of (multimodal) discourse analysis. It will also be of interest to researchers and graduate students in other fields whose work focuses on the use of multimodal artefacts for communication and meaning making.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Building on the previous edition's success, this book tells the story of English from its early stages to today's still-evolving language, using real examples to show important influences, grammatical development and links to our linguistic past.

This book offers a systematic, bottom-up account of irony across both everyday contexts and literary and linguistic texts, using an empirically rigorous approach in distinguishing between central irony, non-central ironies, and non-ironies and highlighting a new way forward for irony research.

Burning Down the House explores the political, economic and cultural landscape of 21st Century Latin America through comics. It examines works from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, Perú, Colombia, México and Puerto Rico, and the resurgence of comics in recent decades.

Winner of the 2020 ESSE Book Award in English Language and LinguisticsLexical Innovation in World Englishes contributes to the investigation of World Englishes by offering insights into the lexical developments of selected English varieties and their cross-fertilization potential. Taking a theoretical and empirical approach and focusing on neological formations, this book:discusses and problematizes different categorizations of English varieties and processes of word formation, considering the expansion of English across the world;draws on authentic examples taken from language corpora to gain a finer understanding of the varieties' transformations and of their reciprocal influences from a lexical perspective;aims to validate general considerations on the lexical features of these varieties of English and test them using corpora.Including eight empirical case studies, this innovative text shows the importance of investigating lexical developments to observe the evolution of a variety while arguing for the need to go beyond a purely structuralist approach and to include a broader discursive and sociological perspective. Lexical Innovation in World Englishes is key reading for postgraduate students and researchers in the fields of World Englishes and language varieties.

The context for the teaching and learning of English for specific disciplinary purposes is undergoing profound changes under the influence of economic globalization and new digital communication technologies. English in the Disciplines demonstrates how fundamental principles of ESP, to tailor language learning materials to the needs of specific groups of learners, can be adapted to new contexts of learning in the digital age.Based on sustained research into students' experiences in an ESP context in Hong Kong, this volume provides an empirically grounded and practical methodology to ESP learning and course design and features:¿ mixed-method case studies;¿ links between theory and practice, with plentiful examples of teaching materials and learning activities;¿ recognition of the effect of new technologies and globalization on the practice of ESP, highlighting problems and providing practical solutions;¿ a new pedagogical model for ESP course design, addressing multiple dimensions relevant to today's ESP learners including learner autonomy, genre, multimodality and digital literacies, plurilingual practices, and project-based learning and collaboration.English in the Disciplines provides key reading for anyone studying and researching this topic.

Corpus Perspectives on the Spoken Models used by EFL Teachers illustrates the key principles and practical guidelines for the design and exploitation of corpora for classroom-based research. Focusing on the nature of the spoken English used by L2 teachers, which serves as an implicit target model for learners alongside the curriculum model, this book brings an innovative perspective to the on-going academic debate concerning the models of spoken English that are taught today. Based on research carried out in the EFL classroom in Ireland, this book:explores issues and challenges that arise from the use of "non-standard" varieties of spoken English by teachers, alongside the use of Standard British English, and examines the controversies surrounding sociolinguistic approaches to the study of variation in spoken English;combines quantitative corpus linguistic investigations with qualitative functional discourse analytic approaches from pragmatics and SLA for classroom-based research;demonstrates the ways in which changing trends and perspectives surrounding spoken English may be filtering down to the classroom level.Drawing on a corpus of 60,000 words and highlighting strategies and techniques that can be applied by researchers and teachers to their own research context, this book is key reading for all pre- and in-service teachers of EFL as well as researchers in this field.

With more than two thousand languages spread over its territory, multilingualism is a common reality in Africa. The main official languages of most African countries are Indo-European, in many instances Romance. As they were primarily brought to Africa in the era of colonization, the areas discussed in this volume are thirty-five states that were once ruled by Belgium, France, Italy, Portugal, or Spain, and the African regions still belonging to three of them. Twenty-six states are presented in relation to French, four to Italian, six to Portuguese, and two to Spanish. They are considered in separate chapters according to their sociolinguistic situation, linguistic history, external language policy, linguistic characteristics, and internal language policy. The result is a comprehensive overview of the Romance languages in modern-day Africa. It follows a coherent structure, offers linguistic and sociolinguistic information, and illustrates language contact situations, power relations, as well as the cross-fertilization and mutual enrichment emerging from the interplay of languages and cultures in Africa.

Die Grundthese des Buches ist, dass die meisten unserer Ortsnamen in Wirklichkeit aus der keltischen Sprache kommen. Es gelang denn auch, zahlreiche Namen auf ihre keltischen Bestandteile zurückzuführen und ihre wahre Bedeutung zu entschlüsseln. Im Lexikon finden sich beispielhaft Hunderte Deutungen von Ortsnamen vorwiegend aus Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Dazu kommen Orte aus Europa und sogar von andern Kontinenten. Die vollkommen neuen Deutungen ermöglichen einen einzigartigen Blick in die Welt und auf die Werte unserer Vorfahren. Besonders spannend: Die über zweihundertfünfzig erstmals hier dargestellten urkeltischen Wörter ermöglichen dem Leser, selbst Ortsnamen zu deuten. Mithilfe dieser urkeltischen Worte werden zwei alte Inschriften neu übersetzt.Die Folgen der Entdeckungen in diesem Buch für die Kenntnis der Kelten und deren Sprachen sowie für die germanischen und indogermanischen Sprachen sind kaum abzuschätzen. Beispielsweise legt die Einfachheit der urkeltischen Worte nahe, dass sie zur indogermanischen Ursprache gehören.

This manual provides a detailed presentation of the various Romance languages as they appear in texts written by Jews, mostly using the Hebrew alphabet. It gives a comprehensive overview of the Jews and the Romance languages in the Middle Ages (part I), as well as after the expulsions (part II). These sections are dedicated to Judaeo-Romance texts and linguistic traditions mainly from Italy, northern and southern France (French and Occitan), and the Iberian Peninsula (Catalan, Spanish, Portuguese). The Judaeo-Spanish varieties of the 20th and 21st centuries are discussed in a separate section (part III), due to the fact that Judaeo-Spanish can be considered an independent language. This section includes detailed descriptions of its phonetics/phonology, morphology, lexicon, and syntax.

Les stations de télévision en langue celtique: TG4 (Irlande), S4C (pays de Galles), BBC Alba (Ecosse), France 3 Bretagne et Brezhoweb (Bretagne) s¿appuient sur des langues dont les démographies restent, pour certaines, aléatoires. L¿irlandais, le gallois, le gaélique d¿Ecosse et le Breton dépendent pour leur survie, de lois, de plans, de stratégies initiés par divers gouvernements ainsi que de l¿application de la charte européenne des langues régionales et minoritaires. Dans un environnement désormais bilingue, plusieurs facteurs vont jouer un rôle crucial pour la survie de ces langues: l¿enseignement, l¿opinion publique et les stations de télévision. Celles-ci affrontent non seulement une concurrence féroce dans un espace audiovisuel ultra-fragmenté, mais doivent aussi sans cesse accroître leurs audimats et leurs parts de marché afin de maintenir ou d¿augmenter des subventions trop souvent jugées insuffisantes. L¿avenir de ces télévisions territorialisées, se trouve dans la déterritorialisation par internet et par la télévision connectée, de leurs flux d¿émissions grand public, en particulier les sitcoms et les soap operas dont le sous-titrage optionnel en anglais ou en français est susceptible d¿étendre leurs audiences ainsi que leurs budgets.

Die Jugendübersetzungen antiker Lyrik von J. H. Voß entstanden im Wechselspiel mit seiner frühen dichterischen Produktion, waren aber ansatzweise bereits dem normativen Antike-Ideal verschrieben, welches Voß'wirkungsmächtigen Homer-Übersetzungsarbeiten zugrunde lag. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Genese des Voß'schen Übersetzungswerkes und beleuchtet ihre Verknüpfung mit den literaturgeschichtlichen Konstellationen im ausgehenden 18. Jh.

This collection charts the evolution of grammatical variation in Englishes from Late Middle English to the present, using corpus linguistic tools to address divergence and convergence in local and global perspectives.The book considers both diachronic and synchronic perspectives in grammatical variation across varieties of English across the UK, North America, Europe, Africa, and Asia. The volume reflects on the questions of whether patterns of variation diverge or converge and to what extent catalysts for change are shared in time and space. Chapters look at different factors in grammatical variation at both the macro and micro level, investigating specific linguistic and grammatical features but also at wider phenomena in contact linguistics, social patterns, social networks, and media-based corpora. Chapters progress from the local to the global, all with an eye towards using the latest methodological approaches from corpus linguistics to shed light on the affordances of data-informed methods to study grammatical change and the possibilities for future research.This book will be of interest to students and scholars in sociolinguistics, corpus linguistics, and World Englishes.

Acknowledging teacher and student dialogue as key to student development, this volume takes a critical perspective on notions of classroom participation, extending¿previous scholarship to illustrate how critical, dialogic pedagogies can promote equity and inclusivity.¿In proposing and outlining the parameters of "critical dialogic education," the contributors to this volume document and discuss examples of classroom discourse practices that challenge the monolithic and uncritical discourse practices that traditionally silence minoritized students. Chapters draw on a range of empirical studies and present multimodal data to consider aspects of teacher education; classroom environments; and curricular innovations which promote critical and dialogical student interaction, civic engagement, and linguistic versatility.This book will be of interest to scholars, postgraduate students, and researchers working in the fields of language, classroom discourse, social justice, and critical pedagogies, as well as teacher educators and professional development leaders who work with classroom teachers.

This pioneering work explores epigraphic evidence for the development of English before the Anglo-Saxon period, bringing together linguistic, historical, and archaeological perspectives on early inscriptions, making them more accessible to a wider audience.

This collection bridges disciplinary scholarship from critical language studies, Latinx critical communication, and media studies scholarship for a comprehensive exploration of Spanish-English bilingualism in the US and in turn, elucidating, more broadly, our understanding of bilingualism in a post-digital society.Chapters offer a state-of-the-art on research at the intersection of language, communication, and media, with a focus on key debates in Spanish-English bilingualism research. The volume provides a truly interdisciplinary perspective, synthesizing a wide range of approaches to promote greater dialogue between these fields and examining different communicative bilingual spaces. These include ideological spaces, political spaces, publicity and advertising spaces, digital and social media spaces, entertainment and TV spaces, and school and family spaces.This book will be of interest to students and scholars in bilingualism, language and communication, language and media, and Latin American and Chicano/a studies.