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This volume stresses the importance of a multidisciplinary perspective in deepening knowledge of the interface between semantics and pragmatics. It thoroughly investigates concepts belonging to Neo-Gricean and post-Gricean theories. Theoretical research in pragmatics has challenged the idea of a close relation between literal meaning and the explicitly conveyed proposition, claiming that situational context is responsible for an ongoing process of adjusting and revising what a speaker says. Similarly, recent discoveries from the clinical side have highlighted the importance of extra-linguistic sources and the cognitive context in the syntactic and semantic competence of people with language disorders. The productive comparison between reflections from theoretical pragmatics and the most recent developments in cognitive sciences provides an authentic way of addressing traditional philosophical issues, moving them to a new fertile ground. The research herein is gathered across disciplines to provide theoretical and clinical contributions and collaborations, making this book broadly appropriate to students, researchers and professionals in the fields.

The essays in this collection explore the idea that discursive norms-the norms governing our thought and talk-are profoundly social. Not only do these norms govern and structure of social interactions, but they are sustained by a variety of social and institutional structures.

An outstanding reference source to this challenging subject area, and the first collection of its kind. Essential reading for students and researchers in the history of the philosophy, the history of analytical philosophy and twentieth-century philosophy.

In this book, seven experts in logic and semantics examine reasons for using the intensional operator approach over the variable binding approach and vice versa. This book was originally published as a special issue of Inquiry.

This is the first collection of essays focused on the many faceted work of Kendall Walton. Walton provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the arts in terms of the human capacity of make-believe that shows how different arts can be explained in terms of complex structures of pretense, perception, imagining, empathy and emotion.

This book examines practices on the relationship between sign and meaning in the Pre-Imperial period of China from the semiotics perspective. Although the Chinese civilization did not develop a comprehensive semiotics system in that period, they are highly semiotic in many ways. The thinking and application of signs of Chinese people can be found in many classics, such as The Book of Changes, The Analects of Confucius, Tao De Jing and Zhuangzi. This book begins its study by re-examining the semiotic thoughts contained in The Book of Changes and inquiries into the thoughts of the major philosophers of different schools. It provides insights into the findings of these philosophers concerning the relationship between sign and meaning. In particular, it concentrates on how the prosperity of the various contending semiotic thoughts complemented each other in forming a sign system. In addition, the book also emphasizes the wholeness and associativity of observing things and studying relevantsigns of Chinese people. As the first monograph in any language to systematically summarize Chinese semiotic thought in the Pre-Imperial period, this book helps promote understanding of the traditional Chinese culture and mindset.

This volume develops a theory of meaning and a semantics for both mathematical and empirical sentences inspired to Chomsky¿s internalism, namely to a view of semantics as the study of the relations of language not with external reality but with internal, or mental, reality. In the first part a theoretical notion of justification for a sentence A is defined, by induction on the complexity of A; intuitively, justifications are conceived as cognitive states of a particular kind. The main source of inspiration for this part is Heyting¿s explanation of the intuitionistic meaning of logical constants.In the second part the theory is applied to the solution of several foundational problems in the theory of meaning and epistemology, such as Frege¿s puzzle, Mates¿ puzzle about synonymy, the paradox of analysis, Kripke¿s puzzle about belief, the de re/de dicto distinction, the specific/non-specific distinction, Gettier¿s problems, the paradox of knowability, and the characterization oftruth. On a more general philosophical level, throughout the book the author develops a tight critique of the neo-verificationism of Dummett, Prawitz and Martin-Löf, and defends a mentalist interpretation of intuitionism.

Step into a world where words hold unimaginable power and unlock the gateway to our desired reality. In Life As We Speak, the profound connection between our speech and the very fabric of existence comes to light. Delve into the realization that life itself is a pure reflection of the way we harness and employ language. This transformative book reveals the awe-inspiring potential of intention-oriented speech patterns. By consciously shaping our words, we generate thought forms that act as guiding forces, directing every activity and event toward our initial vision. Life As We Speak empowers readers to harness this ultimate ability, unlocking the keys to success, health, wealth, and whatever else their hearts yearn for, simply by becoming aware of their speech patterns and making conscious adjustments. Within the pages of this captivating work, the mysteries of spoken and written words are unraveled, allowing readers to master the mechanism of life-creation through the power of their own voices. This book serves as a profound tool, dedicated to enhancing readers' lives by revealing the immense power hidden within their spoken words. Through enlightening teachings, readers learn to cultivate constructive and beneficial verbal expression habits, forever transforming the way they interact with the world.

"The paradoxes about truth are the subject of extensive research. Developing an original approach, this book argues that we should diverge from classical logic and presents a number of formal theories of truth. Also included is a beginner-friendly introduction to semantic paradoxes, and a discussion of alternative non-classical theories"--

This book covers the topic of history and the role that it played in the Austrio-British philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein¿s thought. The topic is explored from multiple angles, both chronologically and thematically. Reviewing Wittgenstein¿s two magnum opera - the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921) and Philosophical Investigations (1952), this work is an investigation into an under-acknowledged element in Wittgenstein¿s thought, one which in many cases acted as an impetus for that life-long process of novel philosophical reflection: History.This volume traces the evolution of Wittgenstein¿s thoughts on time and temporality from the Tractatus, through the Investigations, into some key post-Investigations remarks and also examines the motivations behind Wittgenstein¿s post-Tractarian return to philosophy and, in particular, the unique methodology he developed in order to serve his renewed purpose. The final chapter seeks to answer thequestion, What was Wittgenstein trying to achieve with Philosophical Investigations? This book is of interest to philosophers.

The book investigates Kripke's reading of Wittgenstein presented in his eminent book Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language(1982). It explores various aspects of Kripke's Wittgenstein's view and explicates key criticisms of it offered by numerous leading philosophers since the 80s.

Una curiosità per le radici della fraseologia anima i ventiquattro contributi riuniti in questo volume, articolati in quattro sezioni. Nella prima (Parte I. Fraseologia e Cultura), alcuni contributi si propongono di sondare, in diacronia e in prospettiva filogenetica, la talvolta lontana provenienza di questo patrimonio espressivo così caratteristico di ciascuna lingua. Più orientate, invece, verso una conoscenza in fieri, le parti successive ragionano su quali strumenti performanti concepire per osservare in statu nascendi (II. Fraseologia nel linguaggio economico, giuridico e politico), conservare (III. Fraseografia) e tramandare (IV. Fraseodidattica) tali espressioni così eloquenti e saporite.

This books delineates the seismic shifts of the twentieth century humanities by way of a close examination of the dynamic landscape of modern language, criticism and philosophy. In this manner, it argues that both philosophy and literary criticism have dovetailed in the twenty-first century. Starting out as a survey of literary criticism in its broadest terms, later chapters - which are more expository - assess recent movements within modern literary theory. These are located with respect to the post-Russell and Fregean ¿linguistic turn¿ in philosophy.Designed for specialists and non-specialists alike; philosophers, literary critics and even students of the modern critical tradition, the argument takes a novel stance towards modern criticism, language and philosophy, arguing for a return to a more formalist and rhetorical approach to literary criticism, while taking care not to indulge too many ¿political pathologies¿ when engaging with texts.

With an ever-growing body of evidence on the links between different oppressions, never have the debates in Critical Animal Studies surrounding intersectionality in relation to animal ethics been more important. In particular, the arguments related to anthropomorphic attributes of mentality to other than humans promise to provide fruitful new ground for re-assessing human-animal relations. This book maps the central debates surrounding anthropomorphism in relation to our descriptions of animals, their lives, animal mentality, and meaningful communication in the nonhuman world. Rebekah Humphreys synthesizes the work of critical animal theorists, philosophers, and cognitive ethologists, and provides a critical account of how the debates concerning anthropomorphism play a key role in a proper understanding of animal ethics.

This book presents the current state of experimental philosophy of language, drawing attention to corpus methods. The volume highlights new trends in experimental philosophy of language, thus exploring the future¿s discipline. It includes cross-linguistics studies that reveal the differences and similarities in how speakers of different languages use specific terms, and scrutinizes methodological advances used in experimental philosophy of language. The book also includes politically engaged experimental philosophy of language studies focusing on slurs, pejoratives, and hate speech. The topic¿s interdisciplinary nature makes the volume of interest to a broad range of scholars across disciplines including philosophy, linguistics, philology, psychology, and computational linguistics.

Dangerous Jokes develops a new theory about how humor in ordinary conversations communicates prejudice and reinforces social hierarchies, drawing on the author's expertise in philosophy of language and on evidence from sociology, law and cognitive science. It explains why jokes are more powerful than ordinary speech at conveying demeaning messages, and it gives a new account of listening, addressing the morality of telling, listening to, being amused by, and laughing at demeaning jokes.