Statslig myndighed, national myndighed føderal myndighed

In 2014, the Center for the Study of Weapons of Mass Destruction at National Defense University published a paper on the future of weapons of mass destruction (WMD).1 It projected WMD-relevant geopolitical and technological trends and made judgments as to how those trends would shape the nature and role of WMD in 2030. Significant geopolitical and technological developments bearing on the future of WMD have emerged since the 2014 paper or were largely not addressed in that study. This paper addresses six baskets of such developments. They include 1) the shifting roles of the great powers; 2) new pressures on arms control and nonproliferation regimes; 3) more roles for chemical and biological weapons; 4) expanding use of financial sanctions as an instrument of nonproliferation and other policies; 5) new types of delivery vehicles and more scope to develop and deploy them; and 6) other emerging and disruptive technologies with WMD relevance including artificial intelligence, biotechnology, quantum systems, and additive manufacturing. This paper was finalized in early November 2020 so does not address later events like the 2020 U.S. presidential election result.

This Open Access book examines the radioactive waste management policies of ten European countries: Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Most countries are in the process of planning and creating final storage solutions, while none has yet finalized this process. Over the past decades many countries have been renewing their decision-making processes and the institutions that support them. The book provides 16 lessons that may advance the future democratic decision-making process around radioactive waste management.

In den 1990er und frühen 2000er Jahren wurde der ökonomische Schock in Ostmitteleuropa nach der Transformation noch geduldet, mit dem Beitritt zur EU wurde aber deutlich, dass das erwartete Wohlstandsniveau nicht erreicht wird. Trotzdem konnten die politischen Systeme Ostmitteleuropas als konsolidiert gelten. Die jüngsten Entwicklungen in Ostmitteleuropa sind dagegen beunruhigend: In Ungarn wie Polen ist sichtbar, dass anti-liberale Parteien mit dem liberalen Konsens brechen. Diese Parteien greifen das Dilemma der erwarteten Wohlstandsentwicklung auf und weisen der liberalen Demokratie die Schuld an diesem zu. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es daher zu beurteilen, inwieweit sich Effekte zwischen den Ebenen politischer Unterstützung zeigen und wie Ungleichheit auf die politische Unterstützung in konsolidierten liberalen Demokratien in Ostmitteleuropa wirkt. Für das Ziel dieser Arbeit werden die Ursprünge der Theorien der politischen Unterstützung, der politischen Kultur, der empirischen Demokratieforschung und der Konsolidierungstheorie miteinander verbunden. Durch die Analyse von drei Wellen des European Social Survey (2004, 2012 und 2018) ist es möglich, die Entwicklung im Zeitverlauf zu betrachten

This book contains a set of papers which explore the links among climate change, health, and hazards and demonstrate how they interact. It emphasizes the urgency of immediate and more ambitious action to address climate risks. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), human-induced climate change is known to be causing dangerous and widespread disruptions in nature and is affecting the lives of billions of people around the world, despite efforts to reduce the risks. Climate change is also negatively influencing health and is mounting threat to our wellbeing and a healthy planet. The world is also facing significant climate hazards over the next two decades, with global warming expected to soon reach 1.5°C. Even temporarily exceeding this warming level will result in additional severe impacts, some of which may be irreversible. There is therefore a perceived need for publications which may foster a greater understanding of how climate changeconnects to human health and the role played by hazards in this context. It is against this background that this book is being prepared.

From the Executive Summary: On November 4 , 2022, House Judiciary Committee Republicans released a staff report claiming that a multitude of whistle blowers had contacted them to describe a wide range of politically motivated misconduct at the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)These allegations appear to form the basis of the Republican investigation into the FBI's politicized bureaucracy and misconduct and abuses apparent in the Justice Department. The Committee has now heard from three of these so-called whistleblowers: George Hill, a retired FBI Supervisory Intelligence Analyst from the FBI's Boston Field Office; Garret, a suspended FBI special agent from the Wichita Resident Agency in Kansas; and Stephen Friend, a former special agent with the FBI's Daytona Beach Resident Agency. None of these witnesses has provided evidence of misconduct by the FBI, the Department of Justice, or any other public official. Each offered a wide range of personal opinions but to the extent that they testified about matters to which they claim to have firsthand knowledge at all, none showed any evidence of wrongdoing. Additionally, there is reason to doubt the credibility of these witnesses. Each endorses an alarming series of conspiracy theories related to the January 6 Capitol attack, the COVID vaccine, and the validity of the 2020 election. This book with full-color interior is annotated by Nimble AI and includes a Foreword by Cincinnatus [AI] ; a variety of pithy, opinionated abstracts including scientific style, tldr, tldr one word, Explain It to Me Like I'm Five Years Old, and Action Items; tools for viewpoint diversity such as Red Team Critiques, and MAGA Perspectives; a recursive summary with synopsis; and interior art by artist herb.loc['AI']. Cover art is by Nimble staff artist MWeltKelly from a prompt to "Create an oil painting style book cover illustration that captures the complex and abstract themes of political turmoil and domestic terror..."

ADAM SMITH was a Scottish philosopher who developed a theory of government that would promote his free market capitalistic ideas. This system, if followed carefully would create the wealthiest and most successful country ever. His book called The Wealth of Nations, which described his proposed system, was published in 1776. Our founding fathers read and studied his writings over the next ten to twelve years, melded it with our Declaration of Independence and produced our constitution. Alexander Hamilton, perhaps our most intelligent founding father, spent most of his years as Secretary of the Treasury under President Washington developing and implementing policies that would facilitate and promote Smith's ideas. Over the next 125 years our country closely followed Smith's teachings and we did become the richest most powerful country the world had ever seen. This treatise examines the lives of the presidents, giving insight into what in their formative years helped shape their philosophy of leadership. It also addresses how well they followed Smith's teachings while in office. Since 1913, we have had four significant turns away from Smith's guidance, which have cost us much blood and treasure. The last turn began in 1988, and we are still dealing with its ill effects.This is a concise history of the United States as seen through the lens of the lives and times of the presidents. -GERALD DALTAN, Retired attorney, Fredericksburg, Virginia.The theme of the book seems to be that knowledge is power, which produces confidence and courage, which leads to good decisions on difficult issues. On the other hand lack of knowledge is weakness, which leads to fear and anxiety, which elicits poor decisions. The better prepared a president is before he enters office the better he will perform while in office. This work spells out what good preparation is all about! -ESTELLE BRRENTINE, Former teacher and coach, North Myrtle Beach, South Carolina.Some of the information revealed in this text may cause many readers to re-evaluate some of their favorite presidents. This treatise should be used as a guide for the selection of candidates for the office of President of the United States and other high level positions in the federal government. Educators of government should find this book to be an excellent resource. -CAROL MURRAY, Former educator, Fairfax County, Virginia.The excellent summary of the characteristics of the presidents as shown in the charts will hopefully encourage further investigation of the importance of history as related to the political choices we make. The charts will enable teachers to easily assign classroom activities such as debates and to encourage lively discussions, all relating to the results of the various categories. It may even spark renewed interest in the works of Adam Smith.-JUDY JEFFERSON, Former teacher, Cobb County, Georgia

This book investigates how the actual dynamics of business-state relations work in a democracy and their changes overtime. The focus is limited to one country because access to high-level sources, who are able to openly discuss the nature of the business-politics nexus, cannot be easily replicated. The study is distinctive in a number of ways. First, its focus on politics and business touches upon a number of academic disciplines ¿ business sciences, political science, public policy and administration. Second, it is not limited to a static picture of a relatively new democracy, but instead examines the dynamics of change over the last twenty years. As such, it talks to situations in a number of other countries, especially those in Central and Eastern Europe and the post-Soviet space. Third, the methodological approach, which combines anonymous interviews, mass media sources, governmental and non-governmental reports, is not very typical and thus provides a relatively fresh perspectiveon studying such social phenomena. Finally, the study offers original theoretical and analytical frames that can be conveniently applied and tested in other national/regional contexts. These and other features make it a valuable resource in higher education settings, offering a case study at hand, which can be used in courses on corruption, business ethics, democracy, EU studies, areas studies focused on Central and Eastern Europe or the post-Soviet space.

This book focuses on the notion of the environmental sustainability of the economy. The Sustainable Development Goals, formulated by the UN, led to the formation of a concept of the environmental sustainability of the economy. This concept implies the harmony of economy and environment, achieved due to the support for the SDGs in the economy. This book is original due to its reconsidering the environmental sustainability of the economy from the position of crises. The theoretical significance of the book consists in the development of an anti-crisis approach to the provision of the environmental sustainability of the economy: responsible nature use based on digital markets and smart governance. The proprietary approach allows for the comprehensive description of the potential of the leading technologies¿artificial intelligence (AI), robots, the Internet of Things (IoT), and blockchain¿to support¿during their use in smart governance¿crisis management of the environmental sustainability of economy.The book¿s practical significance is due to the description and detailed discussion of the modern international experience of responsible nature use given the specifics of developed and developing countries. The anti-crisis approach to the provision of the environmental sustainability of the economy is based on digital markets: FinTech, EdTech, GovTech, AgroTech, and EnergyTech, the practice of which is described in the book with the help of multiple examples from the international experience and case studies. The book is aimed at scholars who study environmental economics. In this book, they find an innovative view of the environmental sustainability of the economy in its close connection with economic crises.

This book provides unique perspectives into newly changed political and socioeconomic urban landscapes due to COVID-19 in diverse cities and aims to provide ways to improve the resilience of cities using a global perspective, especially in a post-pandemic era. This book is divided into three sections with seventeen chapters overall. It explores the impacts of the COVID-19 on city planning, building, and maintenance; it considers city resilience and what urban risks cities are facing; and it examines urban development from diverse socioeconomic and political perspectives. The book contains multidisciplinary work by authors from China, African nations (Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria), Canada, Italy, Poland, and France. This manuscript provides a global perspective as cities from Africa, China, as well as some developed countries, such as France and South Korea, were used to collect data and information concerning urban development and risks, past, present, and future responses to COVID-19 as well as any other pandemics and cities' resilience. This book is a valuable asset to urban researchers, urban city planners, urban policymakers, public officials, undergraduates, and postgraduates interested in a comprehensive comparison between diverse socioeconomic and political cities with a unique global and post-pandemic perspective in order to improve urban city resilience.

The Populists of the 1890s transformed the nation's political terrain, and this book tells the story of the hard-pressed farmers who launched that movement. Their call for a widening democracy to counter corporate monopoly and profiteering tapped into a growing resentment of the rich, a resentment that grew as the economy alternated between rapid growth, producing more millionaires, and severe economic depressions, producing more poverty. The Populist challenge to unbridled capitalism would finally force Republicans and especially Democrats to recognize the growing support for progressive change within their own ranks. These historical Populists are now forgotten as today's pundits would have us believe that "populists" of the left - no less so than the right - are uniquely drawn to authoritarian politics. Often enough, the term serves as a sly pejorative, hinting at the unreliable behavior and hidden agendas of anyone who challenges established authority.You won't find that in this book. The historical Populists are presented here as champions of democracy and forward-looking reforms. Recovering the historical meaning of their challenge to corporate absolutism is a first step in linking that past to current struggles against the corporate behemoths of our time.

The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) is one of the major policy innovations of the early 21st century in Australia, representing a new way of delivering services to people with a disability and those who care for them.

Today's children are tomorrow's citizens. Good health and well-being in the early years are the foundations for well-adjusted and productive adult lives and a thriving society. But children are being let down in Australia and elsewhere by the lack of knowledge transfer between the worlds of research, policy and practice.

This collection of 'critical reflections' on Australian public policy offers a valuable contribution to public discussion of important political and policy issues facing our nation and society.

The papers in this collection reflect on the various social effects of native title. The authors seek to extend the debate on native title beyond questions of practice and towards an improved understanding of the effects of native title on the social lives of Indigenous Australians and on Australian society more generally.

An Islamic drama book for all ages. this book about Tabligue Jamat

This volume explores methods for studying child maltreatment in the context of neighborhoods and communities, given their importance in the lives of families. It discusses the ways in which neighborhoods have changed over time and how this that has impacted parenting in the modern context. It also highlights the ways in which policies have contributed to persistent poverty and inequality, which indirectly impacts child maltreatment. An important focus of this volume is to examine the multitude of ways in which the neighborhood context affects families, including structural factors like poverty, segregation, residential instability, and process factors like social cohesion. The volume takes a critical look at the ways in which culture and context affect maltreatment through a community-based approach, and uses this approach to understand child maltreatment in rural areas. The editors and contributors explore innovative prevention approaches and reflect on the future of this field in terms of what remains unknown, how the information should be used to guide policy in the future, and how practitioners can best support parents while being mindful of the importance of context. Addressing an important topic, this volume is of relevance and interest to a wide readership of scholars and students in the social and behavioral sciences, as well as to practitioners and policy makers working with neighborhoods and communities.