International økonomi

The business world is changing every minute, the introduction of technology in the business world has brought tremendous changes in the way businesses and companies conduct their business operations. The introduction of social media channels as one reliable way of conducting business has brought in a lot of changes.The study therefore sought to investigate the impact of adverting through Facebook on individual consumers in Malawi. The study intended to investigate if advertising through Facebook has an impact on consumers behavior in terms of consumers attitude, perception and experience. The study also shows that consumers are totally satisfied with the experience of Facebook adverting. The study further showed that it is important for company to provide quality social media training management trainings to their employs on how to interact and engage with customers and management of social media accounts. And also, a company to engage in awareness campaign to make sure that a lot of their customers are fully aware of TNM Facebook adverting.

This book provides a multidisciplinary analysis of the links between migration and remittances. The role of remittances in influencing migration decision is explored in relation to economic development, education, the labour market, and social factors. The impact of remittances on migration is examined from a global perspective, with a focus on both specific countries and larger regions, such as the European Union and the former Soviet states. The challenges in managing migration flows are also discussed, alongside the impact of COVID-19 on migration, and policy suggestions are made for the efficient management of labour migration.This book aims to offer a comparative analysis of the impact of remittances resulting from labour migration and foreign direct investment on the economic growth. It will be relevant to researchers and policymakers interested in labour and migration economics.

This peer-reviewed book provides detailed insights into how space and its applications are, and can be used to support the development of the full range and diversity of African societies, as encapsulated in the African Union's Agenda 2063. Following on from Part 1 and 2, which were highly acclaimed by the space community, it focuses on the role of space in supporting the UN Sustainable Development Goals in Africa, but covers an even more extensive array of relevant and timely topics addressing all facets of African development. It demonstrates that, while there have been significant achievements in recent years in terms of economic and social development, which have lifted many of Africa's people out of poverty, there is still a great deal that needs to be done to fulfill the basic needs of Africa's citizens and afford them the dignity they deserve. To this end, space is already being employed in diverse fields of human endeavor to serve Africa's goals for its future, but there is much room for further incorporation of space systems and data. Providing a comprehensive overview of the role space is playing in helping Africa achieve its developmental aspirations, the book will appeal to both students and professionals in fields such as space studies, international relations, governance, and social and rural development.

Dieses Open-Access-Buch behandelt die globale Mindeststeuer für Großkonzerne, auf die sich im Herbst 2021 137 Staaten verständigt haben, die als Mitglieder im Inclusive Framework (IF) on BEPS von G20/OECD an der Reform des internationalen Steuerrechts arbeiten. Das Buch untersucht, ob die Bundesrepublik Deutschland als an der Einigung beteiligtes Mitglied des IF die neuen Regeln, wie sie aus der Einigung vom 8. Oktober 2021 und den Modellregeln vom 20. Dezember 2021 hervorgegangen sind, implementieren kann. Abgestellt wird hierbei auf eine zum Zeitpunkt der Einreichung dieser Arbeit noch diskutierte rein nationale Umsetzung ohne unionsrechtliche Harmonisierungsvorgaben. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die Regelungen auf ihre Vereinbarkeit mit den Vorgaben des Grundgesetzes, des EU-Rechts und der nach völkerrechtlichen Rechtssätzen verbindlichen Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen überprüft. Unter Berücksichtigung der bislang zu diesen Fragen erschienen Literaturstimmen setzt sich der Autor mit den konkreten Empfehlungen der Modellregeln auseinander und bringt seine eigenen Überlegungen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der deutschen Perspektive ein.

Examining Societal Shifts through Technological ParadigmsUnlock the Secrets to a Healthier, More Productive WorkplaceOverview:In the insightful book, Examining Societal Shifts through Technological Paradigms, the author delves into the intricate relationship between organizational efforts, employee health, and overall well-being. With a focus on the intersection of psychological climate, knowledge/motivation, and behaviors, this dissertation offers a groundbreaking exploration of the pathways through which organizations can enhance the physical and mental health of their workforce.Key Features:Conclusion:In conclusion, Examining Societal Shifts through Technological Paradigms provides a pioneering contribution to the field, offering general support for the application of the safety climate framework in the context of health and stress reduction climate. With mixed support for moderators, the book challenges existing paradigms, making it an essential read for professionals, researchers, and leaders seeking to revolutionize workplace well-being.Don't miss the opportunity to gain valuable insights into the future of organizational health-order your copy today and embark on a journey towards a healthier, more productive workplace!

The book illustrates financial markets from the point of view of their subjectivity, namely by analysing one of the most prominent figures among market operators: the speculator. Whereas many textbooks or monographs are strictly devoted to the analysis of financial law or history, this book tells a remarkable story based on markets¿ boom-bust, expectations, banks¿ fragilities, market sentiment, desires, and dreams. In light of this, D¿Alvia provides unique financial knowledge and delivers a book that constitutes an outstanding introduction to the topic of the speculator through its historical account and its evolution till modern days. Academics, lawyers, financial regulators, and retail and qualified investors should save a space for it on their shelves.

The growing number of states with weak capacity to carry out basic governance functions is leading to unacceptable levels of human suffering. Using Ethiopia as a case study, this book acknowledges the multidimensional nature of state fragility and highlights the non-political factors that drive it.The first part uses institutional theory to explore how weak institutions become a source of state fragility by undermining social cohesion and the broader economic progress of countries. Part two examines the role of entrepreneurship and industrial policy as a means of creating and sustaining economic and political stability, trade policy as a means of increasing incomes and easing tensions, and technology policy as a means of engaging people in entrepreneurship and innovation. The final chapter provides lessons that fragile nations can learn from successful developing countries in Southeast Asia and Latin America.This book will appeal to researchers interested in international business, economic and business policy, international trade, and emerging markets who seek to understand how fragile states can promote sustainable peace and development.

Proposing international trade as a path for achieving the SDGs, this curated collection envisions a more equitable and sustainable world, one where the benefits of international trade are fairly distributed, where economic crises are met with resilience and innovation and where the SDGs are not just aspirations but lived realities.

This report analyzes how to detangle and simplify the complex product-specific rules of origin (PSRO) in free trade agreements in Asia and the Pacific and explores how technology can cut red tape and reduce inefficiencies impacting trade.It compares the leniency and stringency of PSROs under the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) in terms of manufacturing requirements with those contained in ASEAN+1 free trade agreements. Assessing how companies could benefit from an actionable document showing convergence and leniency, it examines how RCEP can boost intra-regional trade with more with business friendly PSROs and operational certification procedures.

Die Nachkriegsgeschichte ist geprägt vom Gedanken des stetigen Zusammenwachsens Europas. Schon die ökonomischen Krisen der vergangenen Jahre ließen jedoch verstärkt Zweifel an dieser Linearität aufkommen, die spätestens durch den Brexit enorm verstärkt werden. Dieses wissenschaftliche Textbuch gibt einen Einblick in den interdisziplinären Diskurs und das mittlerweile vielseitige Angebot an (des-)integrationstheoretischen Ansätzen zur Beschreibung, Erklärung und Prognose von Krisen und von der Desintegration Europas. Im Zentrum der Betrachtung stehen sowohl drei als etabliert geltende Forschungsrichtungen als auch drei jüngere Ansätze, die bis dahin noch nicht fokussierte Fragen, Aspekte und Ursache-Wirkungszusammenhänge aufzeigen und neue Modellierungen europäischer (Des-)Integrationsphänomene und -entwicklungen ermöglichen.Das Buch richtet sich an in dem Themengebiet fortgeschrittene Studierende, Wissenschaftler, Politiker im EU-Kontext, in der Politikberatung Tätige sowie alle, die an der politischen und wirtschaftlichen EU-Integration interessiert sind.

REGULATION ACT 2023-2024 (And Customs Tarif Tables Based on the Harmonized Commodity Description & Coding System) REGULATION ACT 2023-2024 (And Customs Tarif Tables Based on the Harmonized Commodity Description & Coding System)

This book provides insights into the complex labour and social security framework of EU employment and its enforcement. Starting from an analysis of the various EU instruments and case law, it outlines the complicated legal framework, the practical problems involved, and ways to overcome them. In turn, the book puts the evolution of the framework into perspective, reviews the numerous modifications made over the years, and describes interpretation-related difficulties. Since the formation of the European Community 65 years ago, migration and the European labour market have evolved considerably through special patterns of (temporary) mobility such as postings, simultaneous work in several Member States and high mobility, thus leading to major questions about the applicable legal framework. The interplay between the free movement of persons and services has produced a complex system of rules. Which law applies when a person crosses a border: that of the host State (and to what extent should this State take into account the legal rules from the home State?) or that of the home State? Does the person crossing the border have any choice in the matter?The book subsequently analyses the penetration of EU (market) law into national systems of labour and social security law. The divergent solutions and views within labour and social security law are considered and discussed from a critical point of view.As the positive elements of the European story are at risk of being overshadowed by the negative consequences of the European construction - social dumping being the prime example - special attention is paid to the cooperation between inspection services and other stakeholders in order to guarantee efficient enforcement. The latter is more than just sanctioning, but also includes prevention and monitoring issues.The unique strength of this book is that it brings together all legal-technical aspects of cross-border employment and its enforcement in both labour law and social security law in a single volume. Readers will find a wealth of detailed and specialised information, helping them to understand the topic in depth. Accordingly, the book will be of interest to academics, practitioners, enforcement bodies, judiciary policymakers, advanced law students, and researchers seeking to understand the law in context.

This book provides a fresh perspective on resolving sovereign debt disputes within the investor-state mediation framework. In response to the limitations of traditional approaches to adjudicating public debt issues and the resulting gaps in international law concerning sovereign defaults, creditors have increasingly turned to investor-state treaty arbitrations to recover unpaid debts. However, this shift has raised numerous criticisms and concerns.Accordingly, this book explores the uncharted territory of utilizing mediation as a means to settle sovereign debt claims. It sheds light on the distinctive characteristics of mediation as a process, setting it apart from judicial litigation and private arbitration, and emphasizing the unique outcomes it can generate. The central argument of this book is that mediation should be seriously considered as a viable option for resolving sovereign debt disputes. Not only does it offer a more cost-effective and expeditious approach, but it also has the potential to facilitate economic recovery and sustain continued investment.

This book explores several challenges facing FinTech in Islamic financial institutions. Firstly, large banks and financial institutions in countries with updated and innovative technological channels will earn the technology arbitrage from FinTech. This 'size' puzzle may create a challenge for Islamic financial institutions that are of smaller size and from technologically less-developed countries. Secondly, while access to FinTech is getting broader day by day, usage of FinTech is still limited due to personal and governance-related limitations. Moreover, the level of awareness of the emerging FinTech services (i.e., bitcoin, blockchain, etc.) remains extremely poor even among the residents of technologically-advanced countries. Thirdly, use of FinTech by Islamic financial institutions is limited to Islamic banking, to users from developed countries, among young customers, and for a limited number of traditional banking services such as the deposits and payment services. Also, banks hope to use FinTech to increase the size of a new breed of technology-savvy depositors and loan customers to achieve economies of scale, which may help stabilize the banking sector. Automation in Islamic banks and the participation of Islamic financial institutions in blockchain and bitcoin domains require extensive research from Shariah-compliance as well as market and consumer-related grounds. With all the opportunities and challenges of FinTech-promoting inclusion, easier loan monitoring, and risk of Shariah non-compliance-this book explores the implications for Islamic financial institutions and will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and students of Islamic finance and financial technology.

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This book, the first of two volumes, explores the legacy of Trevor Winchester Swan, often described as Australia's greatest ever economist. An insightful biography is accompanied with Swan's most prominent articles to provide a broad view of his life and work. Particular attention is given to the famous Swan Diagram, known among macroeconomists worldwide, Swan's four zones of economic unhappiness, his view of how economies grew based on capital deepening and technical progress, and the Solow-Swan model of economic growth.This book aims to shed light on the enigmatic and influential life of Trevor Winchester Swan. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in the history of economic thought.

Advances in Pacific Basin Business, Economics, and Finance is an annual publication designed to focus on interdisciplinary research in finance, economics, and management among Pacific Rim countries. All articles published are reviewed and recommended by at least two members of editorial board. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:1. Policy and management on financial markets and financial institutions 2. Options, futures and other derivatives markets Corporate finance and investment decisions4. Insurance and risk management5. Accounting, auditing and taxation Marketing, management, and business policies of the Pacific Rim countries Interdisciplinary issues on supply chain, finance, and marketing8. Monetary and foreign exchange policy9. Income, employment and other economic policies among the Pacific Rim countries

This book thoroughly covers the commercial code of Japan and the laws that govern its operation. It is a must-read for anyone seeking to conduct business in Japan.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This book aims to present a coherent picture of Germany's European policy during Merkel's chancellorship. At the same time, it traces the development of the EU in the period 2005-2021. Accordingly, the European crises and the internal and external threats to the integration community are addressed, as well as the jointly developed solutions. Thus, on the one hand, the book shows what Germany was willing to do for Europe; on the other, it reveals how the EU was able to develop further as the most important point of reference for German politics and power.

This edition provides a mix of research perspectives to examine the economic and non-economic outcomes of global developments in financial regulation, monetary and fiscal measures, or sustainable development, with a tailored focus on specifics in emerging and transitioning countries. The volume combines a mix of approaches to investigate relevant newly emerged topics (e.g., economics of emissions, corporate social responsibility reporting) as well as traditional issues requiring new approaches (e.g., exchange rate mechanisms, investment strategies, the impact of corporate reporting on economic fundamentals). Such a comprehensive view of contemporary economic phenomena makes the volume attractive not only to academia, but also to regulators and policymakers, when deliberating on the potential outcomes of competing regulatory mechanisms.

Countries such as India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka have economies that are categorised as capital deficit, whereas economies with abundant capital - such as those in Western Europe and North America - have lost little value in comparison during the global pandemic and other economic periods of this downturn. It is therefore a question of resilience that separates these developing economies. The Framework for Resilient Industry examines the historical background of the Indian industry, its current status, and future opportunities and challenges. The chapters frame the historical context of the Indian industry and delves into region-specific issues such as micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), economic policy, risk management and sustainable industries. The findings are valuable to policymakers, industrialists, and governments, both state and central, through efficient analysis. Academics, researchers, and students will also benefit from this discourse on economic resiliency. Emerald Studies in Finance, Insurance, and Risk Management provides a platform for authors to explore, analyse and discuss current and new financial models and theories, and engage with innovative research on an international scale. Subjects of interest may include banking, accounting, auditing, compliance, sustainability, behaviour, management, and business economics.

Korea was one of the poorest countries in the world up to the mid to late 20th century, but within less than half a century she emerged as an economic and cultural powerhouse; one of the most advanced countries in the world.