Urban økonomi

When it comes to the climate, we don't need more marketing or anxiety. We need established facts and a plan for collective action.The climate is the fundamental issue of our time, yet it seems we can barely agree on what is really going on, let alone what needs to be done. We urgently need facts, not opinions. Insights, not statistics.The Carbon Almanac is a once-in-a-lifetime collaboration between hundreds of writers, researchers, thinkers, and leaders that focuses on what we know, what has come before, and what might happen next. With thousands of data points, articles and charts explaining carbon's impact on everything in our society, from our the economy to extreme weather events, it is the definitive source for facts and the basis for a global movement to fight climate change. This book isn't what the oil companies, marketers, activists, or politicians want you to believe. This is what's really happening, right now. Our planet is in trouble, and no one concerned group, corporation, country, or hemisphere canaddress this on its own. We are in this together. And it's not too late for concerted, collective action for change.

The book provides an overview of the Slow Onset Disasters (SLOD) in the urban built environment discussing potential strategies to assess and mitigate multiple climate change related risks. Climate change evidence has been reported in the last decades, suggesting that the anthropogenic activities are accelerating these changes towards a warmer and more polluted environment. In this context, SLODs have been linked to climate change related disasters and have been stated to have a higher impact risk within dense built environment (BE). Therefore, the book presents a description of the most relevant SLODs, their significance, and confluence, the way in which scientists and entities are monitoring their progression at different scales, a structured risk assessment strategy and the deconstruction of the BE characteristics that make it more prone to SLODs risk. In addition, it highlights the necessity of adapting the traditional risk assessment methods, to account for different vulnerabilitytypes, including the morphology and materiality of the BE, and the BE users¿ characteristics. In fact, individual features influence users¿ responses and tolerance to environmental stressors, because of age, health, gender, habits, and behaviour, thus impacting the users¿ vulnerability. Exposure can then amplify these issues, since it defines the number of users that can be effectively affected by the SLOD. Starting from this perspective, the book first traces literature-based correlations between individual features, use behaviour, and individual response to the SLOD-altered open spaces. Then, a novel methodology, to quantify the variations of users¿ vulnerability and exposure, is offered, to support designers in quickly defining input scenarios for risk assessment and mitigation. Lastly, it demonstrates, through a case study, the SLOD risk assessment framework proposed and the evaluation of the efficacy of risk mitigation strategies.

This book is novel in that it reveals significant issues of economics, management and business fields currently observed in network industries such as public utilities and transportation, and provides empirical evidence of their mechanisms and policy implications from various perspectives. This is a holistic collection of literature on public utilities economics and management, since the industries discussed include a wide range such as electricity, water supply, sewerage, transport, and postal service, which compound social infrastructure as public benefit service, and the issues examined contain not only economics topics such as cost, efficiency, and productivity, but also management topics such as governance, strategy and organizational restructuring. The book also investigates general private companies to derive future implications for policy and governance of public utilities, and covers multiple countries such as Japan, the US, and Vietnam. It demonstrates various empirical approaches and methodologies for public utility analysis through 17 chapters by experts in each field, which contributes to further cultivation of empirical studies in public utilities.

Examines Dakar's transformation from a small colonial capital to a dynamic city, highlighting how its resourceful residents challenged French control by forging adaptive economic relationships.

This book provides an invaluable overview of neoliberalising trends in urban policies and governance by presenting novel perspectives on municipal entrepreneurship support policies. It seeks to address a current lack of in-depth empirical knowledge of this topic and the reference literature¿s silence on local actors agency. The book ¿s scholarly debate around the impact of neoliberal capitalism on cities interweaves with empirical observations in the European cities of Barcelona and Milan with a view to examining what lies behind the ¿start-up city¿ label, and the way local actors reproduce, contest and re-signify entrepreneurship policies and practices in a highly individualised context. Based on more than sixty interviews with key policy actors, including young beneficiaries, it sheds light on their representations, motivations, intentions and room for manoeuvre in a way that encompasses local specificities in which multi-scalar economic, social, institutional and cultural processes interact. Finally, this book offers new insights into critical entrepreneurship studies and current debates about convergence and divergence trends in urban policies and governance.

This book collects the best papers presented at a recent conference organized by SIEV (Italian Society of Appraisal and Valuation) to promote the interaction between Appraisal and Valuation and other social sciences to study the effects of migration on value and social, spatial and economic systems in a multicultural city. The book consists of seventeen papers in two parts. The first part, "e;Values and Relational Systems in Multicultural Societies"e;, features how social sciences--including appraisal and valuation, urban planning, philosophy, psychology, and geography--take different approaches to studying values and relationships, converging to form a unified mosaic of complementary and interconnected knowledge. The second part, "e;Permeability and Permanence of Values in a Contemporary Multicultural City"e;, highlights the most crucial topics on which appraisals and models focus to interpret and represent the influence of migration on the real estate market in different urban and territorial contexts, from historical centers, small towns, to tourist cities, also taking into account sustainability, maintenance and regeneration of cities.

This book focuses on the emergence of COVID-19 and climate change as twin mega risks to cities of both developed and developing countries. The work analyses how the pandemic has transformed city functions, promoted remote working, and affected socializing, education and learning patterns, recreation, as well as shopping and entertainment. It discusses the lessons learned from these two Mega Risks, the evolution of urban patterns and functions in their wake, and provides visionary thinking for the improvement of cities from the experiences gained. The COVID-19 Pandemic and climate change are both posing serious threats to cities' future. Together, they demand changes in the ways cities' function and operate. The work presents a case for a better understanding of the twin mega risks, the magnitude of their impacts, the responses of cities in combating these issues, and planning strategies for preparing, mitigating and adapting to these and future risks. The book is designed to provide reliable resource materials for a wide audience such as planners, professional practitioners, scientists, students, teachers and researchers working in various fields including geography, environmental sciences, social sciences, policy and planning.

This book examines the role of the evaluation models in decision-making processes for the construction of circular cities in the digital revolution. In particular, the book explores the need for a rethinking of development models proposed by the circular economy which requires the valorization of natural, social and economic capital. Urban environment represents a crucial field of analysis in which applying the circular-economy principles in order to steer a course towards a sustainable economy characterized by processes meant to create value instead of extracting it, which put a step forward in the pathway towards a better future in terms of economic, environmental and social effects and desirable outcomes. In this context, the design of urban regeneration processes and housing environments requires the adoption of inclusive analysis/assessment models combined with the structuring and organization of public/private investments that can contribute to creating positive natural and social impacts as well as economic and financial returns. This fundamental paradigm shift is accentuated in the current context, in which the digital revolution is reinventing the future and calls for a rethinking and reformulation of value systems in the era of technological process innovations, while respecting economic, natural and social ecosystems.

This Handbook presents a detailed and comprehensive examination of the relationship between labour and the built environment, with their connections to human settlements. It synergises these critical focus areas in innovative ways..

This Handbook is the first to explore the emergent field of 'placemaking' in terms of the recent research, teaching and learning, and practice agenda for the next few years. Offering valuable insights from the leading scholars and practitioners in the field, it provides cutting-edge interdisciplinary research on the placemaking sector.

Weltweit entwickeln sich immer mehr Städte zu Smart Cities. Sie wollen technologisch fortschrittlicher, effizienter und vernetzter sein, um sich den Herausforderungen unserer Zeit ¿ dem Klimawandel, der zunehmenden Urbanisierung und den demografischen Veränderungen unserer Gesellschaft ¿ zu stellen. Dafür werden zahlreiche Maßnahmen in der Stadtentwicklung initiiert, die die Lebensräume der Menschen verbessern. Dieses essential zeigt, wie die Vision einer zukünftigen Stadt, die für die Bürgerinnen und Bürger entwickelt wird, nachhaltig erfolgreich sein kann. Und es erläutert, welche Rolle die Partizipation der Bewohnenden, die Stadtverwaltung sowie der Einsatz von Technologie und Daten dabei spielen. .

The book focuses on the key contemporary issue of Climate change, constructing the narrative from traditions' of Urbanism through its Axiology and Epistemology. The book is a rich collection of seven chapters and attempts to address each of the aspects and building further for traditional Urbanism. The book further explores the synergies of traditional urbanism for Climate change through climate responsive practices with main thrust on Energy use. The said understanding is validated through the case example of walled city of Jaipur:  World Heritage Site 2019. The chapters enumerate how the traditional urbanism of Jaipur was designed that evolved as climate responsive typology for the respective geography.