International ret: transport, kommunikation og handel

This book is a socio-legal study of counter-piracy. It takes as its case the law enforcement efforts after 2008 to suppress piracy off the coast of Somalia.

The objective of this commentary is to explain the provisions of the Montreal Convention in a succinct and concise manner for the daily practice. The history of the Montreal Convention and of the Warsaw Convention serves as important sources for interpretation. The commentary also takes into account the continental-European and US-American case law regarding the liability of air carriers for damage to passengers or goods as well as sources of European Community legislature. The commentary also considers the various ways in which countries implement the air carrier's insurance obligation. In addition to the Montreal Convention, the Montreal Convention Implementation Act, the European Council Regulation on air carrier liability in the event of accidents, the European Council Regulation on compensation and assistance to passengers in the event of denied boarding and of cancellation or long delay of flights as well as the European Council Regulation on insurance requirements for air carriers and aircraft operators are presented and explained.

In the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, concerns that terrorists might utilise vessels to transport weaponry, terrorist operatives and/or to finance their activities prompted several international legal developments.This book evaluates the extent to which the international maritime security measures developed following the 9/11 attacks would be likely to prevent the utilisation of vessels to facilitate terrorist activities. It considers the likely effectiveness of the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code for improving vessel and port security, and the 2005 Protocol to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against Maritime Navigation in facilitating the interdiction of suspected terrorist vessels. It also explains how the US-led Proliferation Security Initiative - a cooperative effort through which participant governments agree to prevent the illicit transfers of Weapons of Mass Destruction and related materials - has provoked debate about the legality of vessel interdictions under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (the LOSC). After exploring alternative interpretations of the LOSC, and states' self-defence rights under Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, it formulates suggested guidelines for the unilateral interdiction of suspected terrorist support vessels in exceptional circumstances. The book also discusses the relevant recommendations by the OECD's Financial Action Taskforce for preventing the financing of terrorism, and the national maritime security legislation for preventing the maritime facilitation of terrorist activities in the United Kingdom and in Australia. The book concludes by emphasising the importance of the continual active implementation of ship, port facility and supply chain security measures, and of further enhancing international cooperation to facilitate vessel interdictions.It will be of interest to those working in the areas of Law and Terrorism, Law of the Sea, Maritime Law and Insurance and International Law.

Discussing the overlaps and distinctions between piracy and maritime terrorism, this book considers how the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code, and other vessel identification and tracking measures in the 1974 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, would be likely to reduce the risk of terrorist attacks at sea.

The law that applies to maritime operations at sea is complex and comprises two distinct elements: treaty law (1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea), and the cases and incidents that occur at sea in both peacetime and during armed conflict which result in the creation of customary international law applicable to maritime operations at sea. Covering sovereignty and vessel status, jurisdiction and interdiction, freedom of navigation, maritime law enforcement and security, and the law of naval warfare, this edited collection brings together the most famous and influential cases and incidents at sea. Exploring the entire spectrum of maritime operations from 'high end' war-fighting to constabulary operations that are conducted by naval forces and maritime law enforcement agencies at sea to provide the factual circumstances of each case or incident; offering sophisticated analysis and insights into the case or incidents enduring importance, and their significance for the development of the law applicable to maritime operations; and offering a detailed account and evaluation of the most critical but rarely understood cases in maritime operations law, which encourages comparison between key cases, this book will be an essential reference for practitioners, scholars, teachers, and students of maritime operations law.

"From 2005 to 2013, Durrani performed unnecessary spine surgeries on unsuspecting victims in Cincinnati, Ohio hospitals. The hospitals knew he performed these unnecessary procedures, but they craved the money Durrani generated. Durrani's insurance company, Medical Protective, refused to pay the victims. Eric Deters fought and continues to fight an epic battle unlike any other in the history of American law. The Ohio court system, led by the corrupt Chief Justice Maureen O'Connor, refused to provide the victims timely trials. The Kentucky Bar Association and Ohio Disciplinary System would do all they could to aide Durrani by assailing Eric Deters at every turn. This saga covers a thousand victims and a thousand anecdotes including the following: A federal grand jury indicted Durrani for healthcare fraud. Rather than face a federal jury, Durrani fled the United States to Pakistan. Seventy-nine men and women died waiting for their trials. More will sadly follow. Deters Law won a record number of verdicts, including the largest in Ohio history for a medical malpractice case. During this battle, Eric Deters was suspended, retired, went broke, served time in jail for contempt fighting for trials, was banned from the courtroom, banned from the courthouse, considered suicide out of spite and frustration, fought two state bar associations, betrayed by friends and family, including his father, his brother and the Hamilton County Prosecutor, had the IRS criminal division sent after him, almost lost his arm and nearly died from a staph infection, and yet kept the trust of 580 clients, financed the battle by borrowing and paying back millions and to this day he still stands. In the history of American law, no group of citizens in America have suffered more incomprehensible injustice than the Durrani victims. This is their true story."--Book jacket.

The law of maritime delimitation has been shaped by the interpretation of certain provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which has led to State practice being neglected in current scholarship.

The law that applies to maritime operations at sea is complex and comprises two distinct elements, treaty law 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, and the cases and incidents that occur at sea in both peacetime, and during armed conflict.

A practical and user-friendly guide to the collision regulations, with full interpretations of the rules and clear diagrams. A thorough understanding of the International Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea (ColRegs) is essential for a wide range of professionals as well as amateur mariners. Written in legal text rather than easy to understand terminology, it is not a surprise that the Colregs are subject to gross misunderstanding and confusion. This makes this a difficult area for the thousands of mariners who need to learn, understand and remember them.This handbook is the answer. Expert marine training director Simon Jinks provides straightforward explanations of the complex situations that the Regulations discuss. He gives simple and comprehensive interpretation of the ColRegs rule by rule, giving students and professionals the clarity they need for exam prep and dealing with real-life situations. Colour illustrations of all lights and shapes, and clear diagrams provide additional support for students. The handbook also includes chapters on bridge watch-keeping, radar plotting and techniques for answering ColRegs questions in MCA exam conditions. It shows you where other maritime regulations work hand-in-hand with ColRegs.Simon Jinks is an experienced teacher of ColRegs to students who are studying for MCA Masters, OOW, Boat master and Chief Mates exams, plus those who are studying for RYA Yachtmasters and IYT Master of Yacht Qualifications and want to have an in-depth knowledge. The book adapts the author's teaching notes, developed over many years, with added extras around the subject to help in greater understanding.

Rev. and updated ed. of: Nautical rules of the road: the international and inland rules / B.A. Farnsworth, Larry C. Young. 3rd ed. 1990.

How much law do we take with us? And whose?It's not science fiction. Imagine if you were given the assignment to write a legal code for Mars.Of course, you wouldn't start from scratch. But you wouldn't start with the hundred plus volumes of the New York statutes, either. So what's the minimum? Look at Alaska in 1959. Take out hunting and fishing and you know you have the minimum to run a jurisdiction.Or the Canal Zone, which, while frozen in time, is also the minimum, with a few things subtracted and others added.But these are American laws. Chinese citizens living and working in the Colony may not want to be subject to American law. And why should they? What about European law? And let's not forget Islamic law.There have been a few "international" jurisdictions in history. The international zone in Tangier. Shanghai in the 1930's. There is U.S. case law about what laws apply to crimes committed on ice flows in international waters. The concept of extraterritorial jurisdiction may be discredited, but the time to talk about these things is now, before people start living on Mars.

The harmonisation of private commercial law and the application of the various instruments of harmonisation are becoming increasingly complex. New formal or informal means of harmonisation are added to the panorama of harmonisation instruments and new actors, be it at global, regional or national level, are introduced as well. Regional harmonisation sets its footprint both internally and externally. Innovative (or reintroduced) methods and phenomena for the harmonisation of commercial law have been suggested. Still, the most important and dominant means of harmonisation are the traditional multilateral conventions, the flexibility of which have been improved by different types of reservations and review and/or revision clauses. Taken together, the harmonisation process with its various and different means constitutes a circle of law harmonisation, in which circle there is an interaction between, and reciprocal influence of, all the various formal or informal means of harmonisation. This book analyses the process of law harmonisation with the focus on choices, limits and consequences. It takes into account means, methods, role of old and new actors, principles of interpretation and gap-filling, impact of judicial bodies and their lawfinding and possible law-making function. An important issue, which transcends the work, is how to strike the balance between the harmonisation by formal means of legislation and the creative law-making role of jurisprudence and doctrine in order to accommodate the promotion of a dynamic and continued progress in the harmonisation, the necessary degree of predictability and legal certainty, and a clear distinction from the otherwise non-harmonised applicable national law.

Et dybdegående indblik i internationale kontrakter med den praktiske verden for øjeBogens sigte er ikke en dogmatisk fremstilling af retsstillingen på området for internationale kontrakter, men er derimod skrevet med den praktiske verden for øje.Bogen er opdelt i tre hoveddele:Del 1 introducerer begrebet internationale kontrakter og fokuserer på en række af de regelsæt og standardkontrakter, der er relevante i den internationale samhandel.Del 2 omhandler mange af de kontrakt- og klausultyper, der sædvanligvis indgår i internationale kommercielle kontrakter. Ligeledes behandles nogle af de typiske prækontraktuelle kontrakttyper, der anvendes af parterne på vej mod indgåelsen af hovedkontrakten.Del 3 fokuserer på konciperingen af kontrakter på engelsk. Emnet er her ikke, hvad kontrakten skal regulere, men hvordan det ønskede indhold af kontrakten bør skrives, så dette fremstår klart, præcist og koncist. Der vil blive givet flere konciperingseksempler, og der vil blive redegjort for, hvordan mange kontrakter lider af dårlige formuleringer samt upræcis og overflødig sprogbrug. MålgruppeBogen henvender sig til virksomhedsjurister, advokater, contract managers og andre, som i større eller mindre omfang arbejder med internationale kontrakter og kontrakter affattet på engelsk.Om forfatterenAndreas Schønbeck er senioradvokat i Hortens afdeling for Energi & Infrastruktur, hvor han særligt arbejder med komplekse kontrakter, transaktioner og dertilhørende forhold. Tidligere har han i 10 år været in-house-advokat, hvor han bl.a. har været leder i den juridiske afdeling hos den dansk-japanske havvindmølleproducent MHI Vestas Offshore Wind. Han har gennem 8 år fungeret som ekstern lektor ved Aarhus Universitet.

Hermed foreligger 4. udgave af den kommenterede lov om fragtaftaler. Strukturen er ændret lidt i forhold til de tidligere udgaver af lovkommentaren, så den er blevet nemmere at bruge som opslagsværk.Siden sidste udgave af lovkommentaren har Danmark tiltrådt en tillægsprotokol til CMR-konventionen omhandlende elektroniske fragtbreve ogkommunikation. Tillægsprotokollen er indarbejdet i CMR-loven, hvorfor nærværende lovkommentar indeholder helt nye bemærkninger til elektroniske fragtbreve og kommunikation.Fremstillingen vil primært sigte mod at redegøre for gældende dansk ret, men vil, ligesom tidligere udgaver, medtage såvel udenlandske retsafgørelse, som referencer til udenlandske forfattere. Gennemgangen af udenlandsk retspraksis er ikke udtømmende, men baseret på en gennemgang af domme optrykt primært i European Transport Law, Nordiske Domme i Søfartsanliggender samt retspraksis, der fremgår af udenlandsk retslitteratur. Domsgennemgangen er afsluttet ultimo april 2017, idet det bemærkes, at den seneste udgave af Nordiske Domme i Sjøfartsanliggender er årgang 2013.IndholdForordLov om fragtaftalerKapitel I. Lovens område m.v.Kapitel II. Fragtførerens ansvar for andreKapitel III. Fragtaftalens indgåelse og opfyldelseKapitel IV. Fragtførerens ansvarKapitel V. Indsigelser. SøgsmålKapitel VI. Befordring, som udføres af flere fragtførere efter hinandenKapitel VII. IkrafttrædenBILAG 1.BILAG 1 A.BILAG 2 A.BILAG 3.ForkortelseslisteLitteraturDomsregisterStikordsregister