Miljømedicin

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a diverse group of tropical infections that are prevalent in developing regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. These diseases are caused by various types of pathogens that include parasitic worms like helminthes, protozoa, viruses and bacteria. There are several types of NTDs including buruli ulcer, Chagas disease, cysticercosis, dengue fever, echinococcosis, fascioliasis, etc. These diseases are most common in tropical areas, where people do not have access to clean water or safe ways to dispose human waste. There are several preventive measures to control and eradicate NTDs, such as by controlling the vectors like mosquitoes and black flies. Some other highly effective strategies against NTDs are improvements in basic sanitation and hygiene. The topics included in this book on neglected tropical diseases are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. It will explore all the important aspects of these diseases in the present day scenario. This book will serve as a valuable source of reference for graduate and post graduate students.

Malaria refers to a type of mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects human beings and other animals. The symptoms of malaria typically include vomiting, fever, headaches and tiredness. It can result in major health issues including permanent organ damage and death, if not treated properly. It is caused by a single-celled parasite of the genus plasmodium. Malaria is diagnosed through antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests or microscopic examination of blood. Antimalarial medications such as atovaquone, mefloquine, primaquine, artemisinin drugs and doxycycline are used in the treatment of malaria. The use of vaccine considerably lowers the risk of malaria in young children. This book aims to understand the immune response to infection and vaccination in malaria. It includes some of the vital pieces of work being conducted across the world, on various topics related to this disease. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information on this medical condition as well as for experts.

Amebiasis refers to an infection caused by entamoeba histolytica. There can be several symptoms of amebiasis such as abdominal pain, lethargy, diarrhea, colonic ulcerations, loss of weight, etc. Complications related with amebiasis may involve inflammation and ulceration of the colon with tissue death or perforation that can cause peritonitis. Amebiasis is most commonly transmitted through the fecal-oral route. The disease can also transmit via touching with dirty hands or objects and through anal-oral contact. Preventive measures to avoid amebiasis may include frequently washing hands with soap, improving sanitation, avoiding unhealthy foods, drinking boiled water, avoiding the sharing of towels, etc. There are several ways to treat amebiasis infected tissues, such as nitazoxanide, dehydroemetine and tinidazole. Luminal infection is treatable with iodoquinoline or diloxanide furoate. Efficient treatment to tackle this disease at all stages requires a combination of various medications. The aim of this book is to present researches that have transformed the study of amebiasis, as well as its diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by it.

This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in research on the relationship between occupational trajectories over the life course and health. It uncovers the impact of far-reaching changes of work and employment, as evidenced by increased flexibility, discontinuity, and technological innovation, and offers insights into recent theoretical and methodological developments addressing this challenge. In its main parts, it presents the best evidence to readers about the following topics: early life influences on (un)healthy work, chronic exposure to occupational risks; nonstandard employment and poor health; work continuation with chronic disease; occupational determinants of healthy aging. In its final part, it discusses policy implications of current knowledge and points to the need of developing new solutions in research and practice, not least in times of climate crisis and the new pandemic.The important handbook has been prepared by a distinguished editorial team, with chapters written by prominent international experts. Despite its continuous reference to scientific knowledge it addresses its content to a broader, non-specialized readership.

This volume discusses the relevance of different ergonomic principles in fashion, lifestyle, and accessory design. Written in a simple and concise language, the book makes the subject interesting to those unfamiliar with the technicalities in ergonomics. The contents provide a broad overview of the relevance of ergonomics in fashion design, and touches upon the systems aspects of ergonomics in fashion design. It also includes ergonomic issues like dimensions, adornment of different body parts, thermoregulation through clothing. The volume highlights the application of ergonomics in different domains of fashion (sports, medicine, etc) followed by ergonomic issues in fashion designing for elderly and the disabled. Ergonomic issues in fashion design for different context like crowded places, mass transportation etc are also discussed. This volume will be of interest to those in academia and industry alike. 

This volume provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the various aspects of Lassa virus (LASV), the causative agent of Lassa fever, a frequently fatal zoonotic disease endemic to West Africa. Compiled by world-leading experts in the field, this book provides an introduction to the 50-year history of Lassa fever research, the genetic diversity of LASV, and its geographic distribution. Subsequent chapters focus on the ecology and epidemiology of LASV, discussing in-depth the interactions of the virus with its hosts - multimammate mice and other rodents - and the interactions between these animal reservoirs and humans. The book also details the many advances in understanding the structural biology and replication of LASV, including new insights into the structure and function of its proteins. These advances in the basic understanding of LASV biology have enabled the development of LASV countermeasures, including sensitive and specific diagnostic assays. Promising drugcandidates, including monoclonal antibodies, and vaccines are also discussed. A final and essential chapter addresses current and future clinical practice for clinical management of Lassa fever. This volume is intended for researchers and clinicians in the fields of virology, epidemiology, and microbiology.

In this groundbreaking interdisciplinary work, the authors focus on organizational analysis to understand workplace wellbeing, deviating from previous research that mostly looks at the individual worker or intervention. In addressing the question of why workplace health and wellbeing practices initiatives fall short of delivering sustained improvements in worker wellbeing, this book moves beyond localized explanations of the failure of specific interventions. Instead, it creates theoretical frameworks that explain how wellbeing at work can be improved and sustained. The authors use evidence from systematic and comprehensive surveys of the literature as well as new empirical research, and present an explanatory framework of the processes through which organizations change to implement and accommodate workplace health and wellbeing practices. Learning, adaptation and continuation explain successful implementation of workplace health and wellbeing practices, while Gestalting, fracturing and grafting explain how organizations resolve or negotiate conflict between health and wellbeing practices and existing organizational procedures, systems and practices. In addition, the authors reflect on the implications for research of reframing the unit of analysis as the organization and how studies on workplace wellbeing practices can provide a conceptual platform for thinking about the way organizations can create social value in a broader sense. This book, authored by experts in their field, is a great resource for academics and professionals of organizational studies and of worker wellbeing across the social sciences, behavioural sciences, business and management courses, wellbeing research, and labour studies.

A highly disabling infectious disease in developing countries, leprosy, or Hansen's disease, is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, and is still very relevant for the human community due to its transmissible nature, variable presentation and composite clinical picture. Early identification of leprosy and Buruli ulcer (also caused by a Mycobacterium, M. ulcerans) is critical to prevent spreading and patient disability and to establish appropriate therapy. This richly illustrated, completely revised second edition of Leprosy and Buruli Ulcer describes the characteristic signs of both these diseases, and contents include abnormalities of the skin, nerves, eyes, hands, feet, testes and bone. It also presents the latest diagnostic tools to identify and quantify organ damage to enable readers to recognize and treat this composite systemic disorder, which can represent a true medical emergency if affecting eyes, nerves, and kidneys. Further, it includes additional chapters on leprosy in childhood, prophylaxis and vaccines. For both leprosy and Buruli ulcer, this handy guide helps practitioners and nursing personnel to spot the different clinical manifestations, make a prompt diagnosis and apply effective treatment of both these diseases.

Was hat die ¿Tropenmedizin" im ¿Globalen Norden" zu suchen? Was kann eine Universität, ein ¿Tropeninstitut", im ¿Globalen Norden" zur Verbesserung der Gesundheitssituation im ¿Globalen Süden" beitragen? Die Antwort: ¿Tropenmedizin" muss sich zu ¿Globaler Medizin" hin entwickeln. Das heutige Heidelberg Institute of Global Health an der Universität Heidelberg ist diesen Weg von seinen Anfängen als Institut für Tropenhygiene 1962 bis heute konsequent gegangen. Hans Jochen Diesfeld hat diesen Weg aktiv gestaltet und begleitet. Er zeichnet ihn in diesem Band nach und zeigt dabei die verschiedenen Einflussfaktoren und Herausforderungen auf. Er erweist damit all denen Referenz, die über vier akademische Generationen hinweg dazu beigetragen haben.

This book uniquely provides actionable strategies along the wellness continuum in multiple dimensions: personal, institutional and professional; while applicable across disciplines: nursing and allied health, advanced practice providers and physicians. Further, the content is presented in a manner that can be taught to those entering the workforce, or serve as a primer for Wellness Officers. Most mental health texts focus on the needs of patients and ignore the mental health needs of clinicians. This book fills that gap embracing wellness initiatives as a matter of mental health. Wellness strategies for Inclusion Diversity and Equity are presented. The often ignored subject of suicide is approached head-on with evidence-based strategies for prevention. At the far end of the continuum of wellness, grief management after losing a colleague to death and/or suicide will be addressed. Each chapter includes learning objectives, a brief presentation of the science, application of principles into wellness practice, opportunities for future research and discussion questions. Artwork created by healthcare workers are included to augment transfer of knowledge through art as a way of knowing. Videos are offered to demonstrate through simulation lessons taught through the book.

This volume comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Humanizing Work and Work Environment organized by the Indian Society of Ergonomics (HWWE2019). The book presents research findings on different areas of ergonomics for developing appropriate tools and work environment considering capabilities and limitations of working people for maximum effectiveness on their performance. This volume will be of interest to academics, professionals and practitioners in the field of ergonomics.

The authors seem to have embarked on a sincere endeavour to disseminate what they know about the various types of problem students, their psychology and instruction. Based on reviews and research findings, strategies for coping with specific problem behaviour as well as teaching strategies are provided for each type of problem students. The book consists of V parts. Part - I opens the tapestry of concept of problem students and focuses on socialising students. Part - II covers the students with achievement problems such as low achievers, failure syndrome students, overly perfectionistic students, underachievers and slow learners. Part - III concentrates on students with hostility problems. i.e. hostile aggressive students, passive aggressive students and defiant students. Part - IV focuses on students with role adjustment problems such as hyperactive students, distractible students and immature students. Part - V dwells upon the students with social relationship problems. i.e. students rejected by their peers, shy/withdrawn students and emotional students. This book will be a green pasture with a wide variety of things to lure the research scholars who intend to do research on any type of the problem students in future. Also, this book will be of immense use for the students pursuing, B.Ed and M.Ed courses in various universities. Above all, this book will serve as a Handbook for the educational practitioners at various levels to cope with as well as to teach the various types of problem students in their classrooms. It is hoped that this book will receive wide acclaim from students, teachers and research scholars by giving them a better insight and better preparedness to accomplish their task with a considerable degree of success.

This handbook offers a comprehensive overview of the variety of skin issues that can arise while at work. It is meant to guide dermatologists, allergists, and industrial physicians in the successful diagnostic and management of the patients suffering from occupational skin dermatoses. It provides a look at the current modes of treatment available to practicing physicians while also offering updates on the most recent changes and advances for easy integration into practice. With an depth look at some of the more common diseases, like various urticaria and eczema as well as examining specific work places prone to exposure, this book will provide a quick and easy-to-use reference. Chapters contain patient photos and offer a multidisciplinary approach with special chapters on medical legal implications as well as exploring the minimum standards on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment as viewed worldwide. Handbook of Occupational Dermatoses is a must-have resource for dermatologists, allergists, and primary care physicians that deal with these skin issues everyday.

Advanced Oxidation Processes for Micropollutant Remediation covers current state-of-the-art in advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for removal of micro-pollutants from industrial and pharmaceutical wastewater.

This book gives a sincere yet honest representation of modern nursing in all its forms rather than purely focusing only on the ¿good¿ ¿the funny¿ ¿the sad¿ or the ¿ugly¿. This book provides a collection of stories that concentrate on nursing, that validates, educates and encourages those undertaking a career in nursing. In addition, this book also celebrates the amazing rewards that the unique career of nursing has to offer, for those who can find a way to persevere through the challenges.There is a high rate of burnout among nurses in their early days of practice, because of the high demands placed on them by the healthcare system; hospital administrations; the expectations of management, patients, families and carers; and the sheer size of the patient loads with complex needs these days.The global pandemic erupting has now pushed a health care service that was already under pressure to now be in complete crisis. The world now knows that we need more nurses employed to be able to move forward from this calamity. This book closes that gap in that it encourages the readers to continue to pursue a career in nursing (despite the challenges that the profession holds) while also positively promoting the incredible work that nurses do.The chapters within this book, explore a cornucopia of different aspects of nursing including: caring for dying patients, dealing with bodily fluids and how patients are not very good at working out how sick they really are. The book also covers how to manage the care of patients with complex mental illnesses and those contemplating suicide. This book is targeted at nurses who may feel a little overwhelmed with the world that is nursing but who wish to thrive and further their career. Discussion questions at the end of the book further add to the reflection and learning process of the reader.

This book targets new advances in areas of treatment and drug delivery sciences for Malaria. This is the only published book which compiles the complete road map of malarial drug delivery systems along with an overview on the pathology, current state of malaria across the globe, new clinical trials, emerging drugs and evolving novel drug delivery platforms. A wide variety of novel micro-and nano-formulations using promising technologies are being explored to deliver the malarial drug via different administration routes. This book addresses the gap between new approaches and old treatment modalities and how the former is superior in pharmacological performance when tested in in-vitro and in-vivo. Audience from wide range group like from researchers to regulatory bodies can benefit from the compiled information to find out patient needs and addresses a much-needed update to the existing malaria drug delivery research.

This book is about the application of ergonomics in handicraft manufacturing and design keeping in mind the two sets of users, craftsmen and customers buying handicraft items. Written in an easy to understand language and in a story telling format. It requires no prior knowledge of the subject nor any knowledge of science or technology for using this book and applying it in handicraft manufacturing and design. The book starts with an overview of the application of ergonomics in different aspects of craft manufacturing, touching upon tools, space, process and then moves into the aspects of ergonomics of craft packaging and displaying. Alongside the book also explains the ergonomic aspects of designing of handicraft products keeping the users of the products in mind, their dimensions, capacity, limitations etc. Each chapter starts with an "overview" and ends with "key points" and exercises to help the readers in applying the principles of ergonomics in handicraft. The last chapter is dedicated to exercises in different areas of handicraft and the ergonomic applications for them, followed by ergonomic design directions to solve them.

This book outlines the electro-activity in the human body, human behavior, and other bio-information during image viewing and applies it to a hygienic and clinical setting. The book begins by explaining the basic science of brain measurements and the endocrine system, before analyzing the bio-signals obtained from electrocardiogram (ECG), electrogastrography (EGG), electro-oculography (EOG) and much more. As the book subsequently demonstrates, these bio-signals can be measured using wearable devices, and the data can be used to detect undiagnosed diseases and health-relevant abnormalities. Especially in the field of nursing care for the elderly and rehabilitation, these new options for the management and analysis of biological information hold considerable potential. Bio-information for Hygiene offers a valuable resource for both new and established researchers, as well as students who are seeking comprehensive information on environmental/occupational health and health promotion. It will also assist technical staff whose work involves bio-informatics.

"Emerging Environmental Contaminants and Global Healthcare Systems" cover all aspects of emerging contaminants in the environment which threaten life on Earth. Further emerging contaminant remediation in a pressing need due to the ever increasing pollutants in the environment, and it gained a lot of scientific and public attention due to its high effectiveness and sustainability. The discussions of the book on the bioremediation of these contaminants are covered from the perspective of proven technologies.

Anbefalinger og råd til rejsende!Hermed foreligger 2023-24-versionen af bogklassikeren Rejsemedicinsk håndbog. Bogen er opdateret efter nyeste nationale og internationale retningslinjer og udgør et grundlæggende fundament for den rejsemedicinske rådgivning i Danmark.Vejledning om rejseadfærd i områder med mangelfuldt sundhedsvæsen er lige så vigtig som vaccination, og det er ambitionen at give en skematisk fremstilling af de væsentligste sygdomme, infektionsprofylakse, rejsemedicinske råd og anbefalinger.Bogen er opdelt i to hoveddele:1. Hyppigste rejserelaterede sygdomme og tilstande/uheld2. Indeks med anbefalinger til lande i alfabetisk ordenDesuden har bogen i denne udgave fået en sproglig og designmæssig opstramning, så den fremstår aktuel og fagligt kvalificeret. Rejsemedicinsk håndbog er opdateret af lægerne Mogens Rishøj, Peter Derek Christian Leutscher og Line Buhl.