Industrialisering og industrihistorie

I 1967 var Arne Bybjerg en succesfuld mand. Pressen elskede ham, han var nygift, og hans firma, Carmen Curlers, blev bare større dag for dag. Men det gik hurtigt galt. Først forsøgte Bybjerg sig forgæves som politiker, så drog han i skattely i Schweiz, og til sidst måtte han sælge Carmen Curlers. Samtidig sørgede hans kompagnon, Willy Bechmann, for at Carmen Curlers blev verdens hurtigst voksende virksomhed, men væksten skete først for alvor, da Arne Bybjerg var sat ud af spillet. Bogen er andel del af Søren E. Jensens fortælling om Carmen Curlers' storhed og fald.

Der landläufigen Vorstellung nach sind Unternehmen in ihrem Verhalten vor allem eines: zukunftsorientiert. Konfrontiert mit der immerwährenden riskanten Gegenwart und permanent auf der Suche nach Marktchancen blickten Unternehmenseigner und -manager in die Zukunft. Tatsächlich, dem geht Eva-Maria Roelevink am Beispiel der Geschichtspolitik der Friedrich Krupp AG im 20. Jahrhundert nach, ist diese Vorstellung unterkomplex. Nicht nur, dass sich Unternehmensentscheidungen ohne den Einbezug der Vergangenheit nicht erklären lassen. Auch die Vorstellung einer nach außen gerichteten Gegenwarts- und Zukunftsorientierung greift zu kurz. In der Studie wird die Arbeit an der eigenen Geschichte des Unternehmens Krupp in seiner Außenkommunikation ebenso wie in seiner Innenwirkung untersucht und mit der öffentlichen Aushandlung über Krupp in einen Zusammenhang gebracht. Dabei zeigt sich nicht nur ein Wandel der über Geschichte vermittelten Botschaften an die Öffentlichkeit, sondern ein stark vernachlässigter Umstand: Unternehmen brauchen ihre Geschichte. Sie können nicht auf sie verzichten.

How risk, disasters and pollution were managed and made acceptable during the Industrial Revolution

Until the end of the Cold War in 1990, building projects and architectural icons played an important role in the self-portrayal of the competing systems. However, as the current research shows, we also find a large variety of forms of cooperation between the East, the South, and the West, not to forget the manifold cross-border entanglements within the South or the East. This book explores the intersection of two strands of research. On the one hand, interaction in the field of architecture and construction between actors from socialist countries and from countries of the Global South have increasingly won interest amongst historians of architecture and planning. On the other hand, in the context of the strongly emerging Cold War Studies, scholars have explored cooperation and circulation across the Iron Curtain with a focus on economic and research planning. This book connects perspectives of planning, construction and architectural design with those on economic interests and conflicts in projects and networks. Furthermore, it opens the view to the hubs of communication and exchange, and on patterns of longterm transformation and appropriation of architecture.

The definitive history of the great engineers who were responsible for the industrial revolution

This book sheds light on Irish republican prisoners during the Northern Irish Troubles and the ways in which they shaped the peace process from within the internment camps and prisons.

This book presents new research on spaces for science and processes of interurban and transnational knowledge transfer and exchange in the imperial metropolis of Vienna in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Chapters discuss Habsburg science policy, metropolitan natural history museums, large technical projects including the Ringstrasse and water pipelines from the Alps, urban geology, geography, public reports on polar exploration, exchanges of ethnographic objects, popular scientific societies and scientifically oriented adult education. The infrastructures and knowledge spaces described here were preconditions for the explosion of creativity known as 'Vienna 1900.'

This volume explores the mutually transformative relations between migrants and port cities. Throughout the ages of sail and steam, port cities served as nodes of long-distance transmissions and exchanges. Commercial goods, people, animals, seeds, bacteria and viruses; technological and scientific knowledge and fashions all arrived in, and moved through, these microcosms of the global. Migrants made vital contributions to the construction of the urban-maritime world in terms of the built environment, the particular sociocultural milieu, and contemporary representations of these spaces. Port cities, in turn, conditioned the lives of these mobile people, be they seafarers, traders, passers-through, or people in search of a new home. By focusing on migrants-their actions and how they were acted upon-the authors seek to capture the contradictions and complexities that characterized port cities: mobility and immobility, acceptance and rejection, nationalism and cosmopolitanism, diversity and homogeneity, segregation and interaction.The book offers a wide geographical perspective, covering port cities on three continents. Its chapters deal with agency in a widened sense, considering the activities of individuals and collectives as well as the decisive impact of sailing and steamboats, trains, the built environment, goods or microbes in shaping urban-maritime spaces.

Around 1900 cities in Southern and Eastern Europe were persistently labeled "backward" and "delayed." Allegedly, they had no alternative but to follow the role model of the metropolises, of London, Paris or Vienna. This edited volume fundamentally questions this assumption. It shows that cities as diverse as Barcelona, Berdyansk, Budapest, Lviv, Milan, Moscow, Prague, Warsaw and Zagreb pursued their own agendas of modernization. In order to solve their pressing problems with respect to urban planning and public health, they searched for best practices abroad. The solutions they gleaned from other cities were eclectic to fit the specific needs of a given urban space and were thus often innovative. This applied urban knowledge was generated through interurban networks and multi-directional exchanges. Yet in the period around 1900, this transnational municipalism often clashed with the forging of urban and national identities, highlighting the tensions between the universal and the local.This interurban perspective helps to overcome nationalist perspectives in historiography as well as outdated notions of "center and periphery." This volume will appeal to scholars from a large number of disciplines, including urban historians, historians of Eastern and Southern Europe, historians of science and medicine, and scholars interested in transnational connections.

This book focuses on the ethnically composite, heterogeneous, mixed nature of the Mediterranean cities and their cultural heritage between the late middle ages and early modern times. How did it affect the cohabitation among different people and cultures on the urban scene? How did it mold the shape and image of cities that were crossroads of encounters, but also the arena of conflict and exclusion? The 13 case studies collected in this volume address these issues by exploring the traces left by centuries of interethnic porosity on the tangible and intangible heritage of cities such as Acre and Cyprus, Genoa and Venice, Rome and Istanbul, Cordoba and Tarragona.

The need for a skilled, motivated and effective workforce is fundamental to the creation of the built environment across the world. Known in so many places for a tendency to informal and casual working practices, for the sometimes abusive use of migrant labor, for gendered male employment and for a neglect of the essentials of health and safety, the industry, its managers and its workforce face multiple challenges. This book brings an international lens to address those challenges, looking particularly at the diverse ways in which answers have been found to manage safe and productive employment practices and effective employment relations within the framework of client demands for timely and cost-effective project completions. Whilst context, history and contractual frameworks may all militate against a careful attention to human resource issues this makes them even more deserving of attention.Work and Labor Relations in Construction aims to share understanding of best practice in the industries associated with construction and related activities, recognizing that effective work organization and good standards of employee relations will vary from one location to another. It acknowledges the real difficulties encountered by workers in parts of the developing world and the quest for improvement and awareness of some of the worst hazards and current practices. This book is both critical and analytical in approach and seeks to alert readers to the need for change. Aimed at addressing practical issues within the construction industry from a theoretical and empirical standpoint, it will be of value to those interested in the built environment, employment relations and human resource management.

Esteemed historian Jeremy Black examines the technological, social, political and economic reasons for the industrial revolution taking place in Britain.

This book is part of an ongoing transnational turn in cultural history.

This book examines urban experience from the vantage point of the global South. Drawing upon narratives coming from three key axes - communities, neighbourhoods, and market-places - it lays bare the specificities of urban experience coming from a non-megacity landscape of South Asia.

Management and labor have been adversaries in American and Canadian workplaces since the time of colonial settlement. Labor lacked full legal legitimacy in Canada and the United States until the mid-1930s and the passage of laws that granted collective bargaining rights and protection from dismissal due to union activity. The US National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) became the model for labor laws in both countries. Organized labor began to decline in the United States in the late 1960s due to a variety of factors including electoral politics, internal social and cultural differences, and economic change. Canadian unions fared better in comparison to their American counterparts, but still engaged in significant struggles.This analysis focuses on management and labor interaction in the United States and Canada from the 1930s to the turn of the second decade of the twenty-first century. It also includes a short overview of employer and worker interaction from the time of European colonization to the 1920s. The book addresses two overall questions: In what forms did management and labor conflict occur and how was labor-management interaction different between the two countries? It pays particular attention to key events and practices where the United States and Canada diverged when it came to labor-management conflict including labor law, electoral politics, social and economic change, and unionization patterns in the public and private sectors.This book shows that there were key points of convergence and divergence in the past between the United States and Canada that explain current differences in labor-management conflict and interaction in the two countries. It will be of interest to researchers, academics, and students in the fields of management and labor history, employment and labor relations, and industrial relations.

This book is an insightful and detailed analysis of Canadian labour relations policy at the beginning of the 20th century, and of the formulation of distinctive features which still characterize it today. The development and reception of this policy are explained as a product of ideological and economic forces. These include the impact of international unionism on the Canadian working class, the emergence of scientific management in business ideology, and the special role of the state in economic development and the mediation of class relationships.The ideas and career of Mackenzie King, including his 'new liberalism,' and his activities in regard to the Department of Labour are examined, revealing how he moulded Canada's official position in the relations between capital and labour. With a focus on King's intellectual qualities in an international context, the author brings out another dimension, portraying him as Canada's first practising social scientist.The book examines implementation of policy through an analysis of the work of the Department of Labour through detailed case studies of government interventions in industrial disputes. The initial acceptance of the labour relations policy by the labour movement is explained and its repudiation in 1911 is examined against a background of setbacks which reflected its practical limits as much as its philosophical orientation. The result is a study which moves beyond a particular concern with labour policy to illuminate the contours of Canadian life in a crucial period of national development. 

The Labour Revolt that swept Britain in the early 20th century was one of the most sustained, dramatic and violent explosions of industrial militancy and social conflict the country has ever experienced.It involved large-scale strikes by miners, seamen, dockers, railway workers and many others, and was dominated by unskilled and semi-skilled workers, many acting independently of trade-union officials. Amidst this powerful grassroots energy, the country saw widespread solidarity action, phenomenal union membership growth, breakthroughs in both industrial unionism and women's union organisation, and a dramatic increase in the collective power of the working-class movement. It heralded political radicalisation that celebrated direct action and challenged head-on the Liberal government and police and military, as well as parliamentary reformism of the Labour Party.Exploring the role of the radical left and the relationship between industrial struggles and political organisation, with new archival research and fresh insights and combining history from below and above, Ralph Darlington provides a multi-dimensional portrayal of the context, causes, actors, dynamics and contemporary significance of the Labour Revolt.Ralph Darlington is Emeritus Professor of Employment Relations at Salford University. His books include Glorious Summer and Radical Unionism. His research has been featured in national newspapers, and radio and television.

*Longlisted for the William MB Berger Prize for British Art History, 2022*A spectacular biography of the great designer, entrepreneur, abolitionist and beacon of the Industrial Revolution, from acclaimed historian and Director of the Victoria and Albert Museum, Tristram HuntJosiah Wedgwood, perhaps the greatest English potter who ever lived, epitomized the best of his age. From his kilns and workshops in Stoke-on-Trent, he revolutionized the production of ceramics in Georgian Britain by marrying technology with design, manufacturing efficiency and retail flair. He transformed the luxury markets not only of London, Liverpool, Bath and Dublin but of America and the world, and helping to usher in a mass consumer society. Tristram Hunt calls him 'the Steve Jobs of the eighteenth century'. But Wedgwood was radical in his mind and politics as well as in his designs. He campaigned for free trade and religious toleration, read pioneering papers to the Royal Society and was a member of the celebrated Lunar Society of Birmingham. Most significantly, he created the ceramic 'Emancipation Badge', depicting a slave in chains and inscribed 'Am I Not a Man and a Brother?' that became the symbol of the abolitionist movement. Tristram Hunt's hugely enjoyable new biography, strongly based on Wedgwood's notebooks, letters and the words of his contemporaries, brilliantly captures the energy and originality of Wedgwood and his extraordinary contribution to the transformation of eighteenth-century Britain.

How would the history of an urban area look if water were at the center of analysis? Water in the Making of a Socio-Natural Landscape explores the transition from early modern to modern water management in late nineteenth-century Rome. It merges local water management with national water policies aimed at promoting irrigated agriculture, industrial processes, and public health. It investigates perceptions and conceptualisations of water, changes in the water law, engineering projects, medical knowledge and practices, value of water in different productions, and needs and uses of local stakeholders. From which derives that water infrastructures are the complex outcome of the clash between different users and uses of water as well as the dynamic interaction between different levels of power. In this book, it builds upon Maria Kaika's Cities of flows and Erik Swyngedouw's Liquid power to introduce a new dimension to the analysis of urban water: the interaction among the three main uses of water: drinking, agriculture, and industry.Water in the Making of a Socio-Natural Landscape is written for a specialist readership with an interest in environmental and urban history and science and technology studies, but it can also be used by graduate and PhD students.

This shortform book presents key peer-reviewed research selected by expert series editors and contextualised by new analysis on the industrial history of delivering utilities.With contributions on the strengths and weaknesses of the creation of electricity networks, the organisation and performance of Britain's nationalised gas industry, and the environmental impact of delivering water and removing waste water, this volume provides an array of fascinating insights into industrial history.Of interest to business and economic historians, this shortform book also provides analysis and illustrative case-studies that will be valuable reading across the social sciences.

Motherhood, Respectability & Baby-Farming in Victorian & Edwardian London explores the largely obscured marketplace of motherhood that provided ways for women to manage the stigma of illegitimacy and their respectable identities within Victorian and Edwardian society.

Working in 1970s Italy, a young generation of artists, namely Ugo La Pietra, Maurizio Nannucci, Francesco Somaini, Mauro Staccioli, Franco Summa, and Franco Vaccari, sought new spaces for the creation and exhibition of art.

De grafiske fags historie sætter ord og billeder på 150 års grafisk historie. Fra 1870, hvor bogtrykkerier, stentrykkerier og bogbinderier stadig fungerede i deres oprindelige form og blev drevet med håndkraft, til dagens digitale produktionsformer, hvor færdige tryksager med tekst og billeder bevæger sig gennem den elektroniske sky – uden hensyn til landegrænser.Den grafiske branches historie er mangfoldig, fordi den dækker over en lang række grafiske produkter: bøger, dagblade, ugeblade, plakater, litografier, træsnit, linoleumstryk, formularer, emballager, etiketter, telefonbøger, vejvisere, frimærker og pengesedler.Bogen præsenterer også de mennesker, der arbejdede i faget: typografer, litografer og bogbindere. De kom typisk i lære efter syv års skolegang, som f.eks. litograf Carl Aller og typograf Egmont H. Petersen, som skabte grafiske virksomheder, der udviklede sig til store, langtidsholdbare mediekoncerner. Og nogle nåede toppen på den politiske scene: Litograf Hans Hedtoft og typograf H.C. Hansen blev begge statsminister i Danmark.Med mange billeder og korte tekster henvender De grafiske fags historie sig ikke alene til mennesker fra den grafiske branche. Bogen vil også være interessant for historisk interesserede og familiemedlemmer til branchens folk, som her får mulighed for se, hvad deres forældre og bedsteforældre beskæftigede sig med. Bjarne Nielsen (f. 1949) er forfatter og typograf, tidligere faggruppeformand for typograferne i Grafisk Forbund og næstformand i HK/Privat. Han har bl.a. skrevet bogen Striden om Grafisk Forbund (2018).

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2018 im Fachbereich Soziologie - Arbeit, Ausbildung, Organisation, Note: 1,0, AKAD University, ehem. AKAD Fachhochschule Stuttgart (Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Das Ziel dieses Assignments ist es zunächst die Begriffe ¿Arbeit¿ und ¿Industrialisierung¿ zu definieren und abzugrenzen. Darauf aufbauend soll die Entwicklung der industriellen Perioden mit der Entstehung der Übergänge zwischen den Perioden beschrieben werden. Dabei soll auf die essentiellen Merkmale, Erfindungen oder Eigenschaften eingegangen werden, die jeweilige Perioden industrieller Entwicklungen charakterisieren. Zudem soll der Verlauf bzw. die Veränderung und die Durchführung von Arbeit und Arbeitsprozessen an den Beispielen von Kinderarbeit und Energiebereitstellung beschrieben werden.Nach dem einleitenden Kapitel folgt die Definition der Begriffe ¿Arbeit¿ und ¿Industrialisierung¿. Anschließend wird die Entwicklung industrieller Perioden beschrieben. Im vierten Kapitel wird auf die Veränderungen von Kinderarbeit und Energiebereitstellung im industriellen Wandel eingegangen. Abschließend endet die Ausarbeitung mit einer Zusammenfassung.Einen der wesentlichen Einschnitte in der Entwicklungsgeschichte der Arbeit stellt die industrielle Revolution dar. Diese war ein umfassender technischer, ökonomischer und gesellschaftlicher Prozess. Der technische Fortschritt wurde während der industriellen Revolution mit der Organisation der Arbeit zusammengeführt. Mit der Einführung der Fließbandarbeit wurde die Lebenswelt der Menschen mit den Grundprinzipien Arbeitsteilung und Rationalisierung revolutioniert und bildete schnell die wirtschaftliche und politische Grundlage für moderne Industriegesellschaften. Gleichzeitig wurden soziale Anpassungsstrukturen mit Konzepten wie Trennung von Kopf- und Handarbeit, Trennung von Erwerbsarbeit und Tätigkeiten außerhalb der Arbeitsmärkte sowie geschlechtsspezifische Trennung von Arbeitsfeldern produziert. Durch die Möglichkeiten technischer Innovationen konnten die Handlungslogiken der Arbeitsteilung und Rationalisierung angestoßen werden. Arbeitsvorgänge wurden mit der nahezu flächendeckenden Einführung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik digitalisiert, standardisiert und vernetzt.