Kondenserede fasers fysik (væskeform og faststoffysik)

This book focuses on the development of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and liquid crystal materials (LCs) in Japan. The Committee of Organic Materials Research for Information Sciences of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) planned the book to document essential LCD innovations and developments since the beginnings of the field-effect LCD technology in 1970. The book illustrates the remarkable effort and progress behind those flat, lightweight, and high-information-content LCDs that have become the indispensable human¿machine interface for virtually all electronic devices. In contrast to other publications on this topic, the book illustrates the interdisciplinary character of the LCD technology and its crucial importance for technological progress of the field far beyond displays. It also gives insights into breakthrough innovations not revealed in other publications. Moreover, prospects for the development of LC research toward new fields of applications are provided. In line with its interdisciplinary character, the book targets researchers in basic science as well as engineers and researchers in industry.

The study of quantum disorder has generated considerable research activity in mathematics and physics over past 40 years. While single-particle models have been extensively studied at a rigorous mathematical level, little was known about systems of several interacting particles, let alone systems with positive spatial particle density. Creating a consistent theory of disorder in multi-particle quantum systems is an important and challenging problem that largely remains open. Multi-scale Analysis for Random Quantum Systems with Interaction  presents the progress that had been recently achieved in this area.  The main focus of the book is on a rigorous derivation of the multi-particle localization in a strong random external potential field. To make the presentation accessible to a wider audience, the authors restrict attention to a relatively simple tight-binding Anderson model on a cubic lattice Zd.  This book includes the following cutting-edge features: an introduction to the state-of-the-art single-particle localization theory an extensive discussion of relevant technical aspects of the localization theorya thorough comparison of the multi-particle model with its single-particle counterpart a self-contained rigorous derivation of both spectral and dynamical localization in the multi-particle tight-binding Anderson model.  Required mathematical background for the book includes a knowledge of functional calculus, spectral theory (essentially reduced to the case of finite matrices) and basic probability theory. This is an excellent text for a year-long graduate course or seminar in mathematical physics. It also can serve as a standard reference for specialists.

This volume gathers a number of selected contributions from the XIX Sitges Conference on "Jamming, Yielding, and Irreversible Deformation in C- densed Matter", held at Sitges (Barcelona, Spain) from 14-18 June, 2004. The contributions collected in this volume provide a general overview of the "state of the art", and of the recent developments, in the ?elds of material yield and irreversible deformation in di?erent physical systems, which are of great interest within the realm of Condensed Matter Physics. The Conference was sponsored by several institutions that generously provided ?nancial support: Ministerio de Educaci¿ on y Ciencia of the Sp- ish Government, AGAUR of the Generalitat de Catalunya, Universitat de Barcelona, and the Centre Especial de Recerca (CER) F¿ ?sica de Sistemes Complexos. As in former editions of the Conference, the city of Sitges allowed us to use the beautiful Palau Maricel as the lecture hall. We thank them for their kind hospitality. We are also very grateful to all those who collaborated in organizing the event: M. Naspreda, A. P¿ erez-Madrid, R. Pastor-Satorras, and S. Zapperi. Finally, we wish to express our gratitude to all the speakers and parti- pants in the Conference, who contributed with high scienti?c level presen- tions, and created a very pleasant atmosphere.

This is the first monograph devoted to investigation of the most complex physical processes of soft systems, including a wide class of solutions. It blends modern theoretical understanding and experimental results, proposing new methods and models for the description of several soft systems.

X-ray crystallography provides us with the most accurate picture we can get of atomic and molecular structures in crystals. It is still an immense field for young workers, and no doubt will provide yet more striking developments of a major character.

This book, the third of a three-volume series, delivers a comprehensive and self-contained account of the fundamentals of the physics of solids. It also explains the essential features of various experimental techniques.