Filosofi

Discover indigenous wisdom for a life well lived in "The Seven Generations and the Seven Grandfather Teachings." Based on ancient teachings from the Anishinaabe/Ojibwe people, this spiritual translation of the sacred laws guides us toward Mino-bimaadiziwin, "the good life" - a life of harmony, free from contradiction or conflict. Prepare to embark on a path to peace, balance and personal growth where ancestral knowledge offers timeless lessons for transforming our lives and the lives of future generations.

From the outside, logotherapy and Red Bull seem to have little in common. Yet both worlds are based on the same principles: freedom, self-responsibility, and an unwavering creative drive. Volker Viechtbauer, long-time confidant of Dietrich Mateschitz, shows us how Frankl's humanism aligns with the Red Bull founder's philosophy of life. With this, he not only provides insight into the culture of Red Bull, but also highlights how Frankl laid the foundation for purpose- and talent-oriented entrepreneurship and a modern working world defined by self-responsibility.

In a characteristically explosive barrage, Ljubljana's most famous philosopher takes a passionate stance on the war in Ukraine, surveys the latest Hollywood blockbusters, and delivers detonations into a range of contemporary issues, from sexual politics in India to the prospects for a new Cold War. Ever attentive to moments where the bizarre and the epic join forces, among the questions Žižek considers here are: Is the giant orgy, planned to take place in Ukraine in the event of a Russian nuclear attack, really all that morbid? And what should society do, whether on the big screen or the battlefield, in preparation for the end of the world?Agree with him or not, Žižek rarely fails to provoke in a productive fashion. By examining matters through a lens that is bold and original, and often joyfully outlandish, Žižek helps us to better grasp a world in which, increasingly, the dominant motif is one of madness.

"From renowned Zen Buddhist teacher Haemin Sunim, a guide to turning life's challenges into opportunities for self-discovery Have you ever felt like life has thrown you a curveball? Are you struggling to overcome unexpected challenges and setbacks? While loss, heartbreak, and loneliness are all part of the human experience, in this warm guide, internationally bestselling author Haemin Sunim shows us that these moments can actually be rare opportunities for self-discovery, serving as stepping stones to greater things in life. Drawing on Zen Buddhist philosophy and Sunim's own experiences, When Things Don't Go Your Way helps you navigate life's challenges with resilience and grace. Whether you're dealing with rejection, uncertainty, loneliness, conflicts in relationships, or burnout--or simply seeking to improve your mental and emotional well-being--Sunim offers a new spiritual perspective, one that helps us face life's challenges with greater ease and understanding, and offers solace and courage when we need it the most"--

Det er henholdsvis en kvindefigur fra et skuespil af Goethe, ”Clavigo”, og en kvindefigur fra en bog, ”Faust”, ligeledes af Goethe, som Søren Kierkegaard analyserer i dette essay.Analysen af de to kvindefigurer er hentet fra første del af Søren Kierkegaards hovedværk, dobbeltværket ”Enten-Eller” (1843), fra essayet ”Skyggerids”, hvor han, ud over de to kvindefigurer af Goethe, analyserer Elvira-figuren fra Lorenze da Ponte og Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart opera ”Don Giovanni”.Som titlen – ”Skyggerids” – på Søren Kierkegaards essay om de tre kvinder angiver, så er der tale om en skitsemæssigt, om en foreløbig og ufuldkommen skildring af kvindefigurerne.Bogen, der er illustreret, er redigeret og kommenteret af mag.art. Jens Staubrand.

Why you don't have a self-and why that's a good thingIn Losing Ourselves, Jay Garfield, a leading expert on Buddhist philosophy, offers a brief and radically clear account of an idea that at first might seem frightening but that promises to liberate us and improve our lives, our relationships, and the world. Drawing on Indian and East Asian Buddhism, Daoism, Western philosophy, and cognitive neuroscience, Garfield shows why it is perfectly natural to think you have a self-and why it actually makes no sense at all and is even dangerous. Most importantly, he explains why shedding the illusion that you have a self can make you a better person.Examining a wide range of arguments for and against the existence of the self, Losing Ourselves makes the case that there are not only good philosophical and scientific reasons to deny the reality of the self, but that we can lead healthier social and moral lives if we understand that we are selfless persons. The book describes why the Buddhist idea of no-self is so powerful and why it has immense practical benefits, helping us to abandon egoism, act more morally and ethically, be more spontaneous, perform more expertly, and navigate ordinary life more skillfully. Getting over the self-illusion also means escaping the isolation of self-identity and becoming a person who participates with others in the shared enterprise of life.The result is a transformative book about why we have nothing to lose-and everything to gain-by losing our selves.

A philosopher examines the complicated phenomenon of gaslighting“Gaslighting” is suddenly in everyone’s vocabulary. It’s written about, talked about, tweeted about, even sung about (in “Gaslighting” by The Chicks). It’s become shorthand for being manipulated by someone who insists that up is down, hot is cold, dark is light—someone who isn’t just lying about such things, but trying to drive you crazy. The term has its origins in a 1944 film in which a husband does exactly that to his wife, his crazy-making efforts symbolized by the rise and fall of the gaslights in their home. In this timely and provocative book, Kate Abramson examines gaslighting from a philosophical perspective, investigating it as a distinctive moral phenomenon.Gaslighting, Abramson writes, is best understood as a form of interpersonal interaction, a particular way of fundamentally undermining someone. The gaslighter, Abramson argues, aims to make his target experience herself as incapable of reasoning, perceiving, or reacting in ways that would allow her to form appropriate beliefs, perceptions, or emotions in the first place. He seeks not only to induce in her this unmoored sense of herself but also to make it a reality. Using examples and analysis, Abramson gives an account of gaslighting and its immorality, and argues that such a discussion can help us understand other aspects of social life—from racism and sexism to the structure of interpersonal trust.

"The discovery that the universe has been expanding from its fiery beginning fourteen billion years ago and has developed into stars, galaxies, life, and human consciousness is one of the most significant of human history. It is taught throughout the world and has become our common creation story for every culture with modern educational processes. It holds the promise of a new human unity. In terms of this story of the universe's development, we humans are not primarily French or Chinese, Democrat or Republican. We are primarily cosmological beings. Though An Unveiling of the Expanding Universe narrates the same cosmological events as thousands of other books, it has one unique feature. It tells the story of the universe while simultaneously telling the story of the storyteller. If indeed cosmogenesis is one of the greatest discoveries of human history, it will necessarily have an immense impact on humanity, at least as profound as the Copernican revolution. And yet, to my knowledge, none of the science books published in English explores the effects cosmogenesis has on human consciousness. An Unveiling of the Expanding Universe tells the story of how my mind was deconstructed by the impact of this new story and then reassembled. In shorthand: I began with the mind of a cartesian scientist and ended with a mind aligned with the creativity of the universe"--

Vi er alle lige, men nogle er mere lige end andre. Sådan er det både blandt kammerater og nationer. Ressourcerne er skævt fordelt, uanset om det gælder medfødt intelligens eller drikkevand i undergrunden, fortæller Carsten Andersen, økonom ved Aarhus Universitet. Han gør regnskabet op i ulighedens favør, for selvom vi omfordeler via skatten, skaber uens vilkår forskellige muligheder for os alle: Samfundets privilegerede fødes med en guldske i munden og hører mange millioner flere ord inden vuggestuen. Det er nemlig ikke kun penge, der går i arv, men også miljø.

Som en granitsokkel under alt, Arendt skrev om – hvad enten det var totalitarisme, ondskab, ånd eller menneskenes vilkår – var frihedsproblemet altid til stede og synligt styrende for tankegangen. Men hvad vil det i følge Arendt sige at være fri? Det korte svar er, at dette åbenbarer sig i en revolution, derved at man går sammen og i fællesskab ønsker at skabe noget nyt og vigtigt for fællesskabet.Mennesket har som værende født (dvs. skabt) potentialet til frihed (hvilket intet andet levende har), men det skal udløses, og det skal realiseres og sker gennem fælles handling. Her viser friheden til at være fri sig. I teksten kaldes fænomenet også offentlig frihed. Altså: frihed til at være fri viser sig i form af realiseret offentlig frihed.Måske ville hun med foredraget gøre op med den bølge af revolutionsromantik, som fra slutningen af 60´erne kom til at præge meget store dele af ungdomsoprøret. Det gætter professor Hans-Jørgen Schanz på i bogens efterskrift, som han nåede at affatte inden sin død i 2022.

Forlaget Virkelig præsenterer den navnkundige filosofs berømte dagbøger fra midten af 30'erne i en flot dansk oversættelse af Jørgen Herman Monrad og Judyta Preis. Det er både gribende og oplysende læsning, hvor man, udover at få nogle af tankerne bag Wittgensteins filosofi, også møder et menneske med alt, hvad dertil hører af glæder og sorger, dæmoner, tro og tvivl. Wittgenstein både tænkte og skrev helt formidabelt. Bogen er desuden forsynet med et biografisk funderet efterord af Jørgen Herman Monrad.

A provocative study of the ‘non-space’ which defines our age’s love for excess of information and space

At rejse er at leve, siger vi med hus og hjem. Men nomader rejser for at overleve. De bærer vores drømme om grænseløs frihed på strejftog med ørkenens skibe. Med køer, får og geder i flok er det dog ikke et driverliv at gå efter græsset, fortæller Hanne Kirstine Adriansen, bevægelig kulturgeograf ved Aarhus Universitet. For samer, fulani og tuareger må sætte dyrene før familien og det lange ben foran, når der er regnskyl i horisonten, og hver en dråbe falder på et tørt sted. Med et indre kompas og i forfædrenes fodspor farer de frem, men aldrig vild. For hjem er, hvor hjertet er.

A practical, heartfelt guide to the art of truly knowing another person in order to foster deeper connections at home, at work, and throughout our lives—from the #1 New York Times bestselling author of The Road to Character and The Second MountainAs David Brooks observes, “There is one skill that lies at the heart of any healthy person, family, school, community organization, or society: the ability to see someone else deeply and make them feel seen—to accurately know another person, to let them feel valued, heard, and understood.”And yet we humans don’t do this well. All around us are people who feel invisible, unseen, misunderstood. In How to Know a Person, Brooks sets out to help us do better, posing questions that are essential for all of us: If you want to know a person, what kind of attention should you cast on them? What kind of conversations should you have? What parts of a person’s story should you pay attention to? Driven by his trademark sense of curiosity and his determination to grow as a person, Brooks draws from the fields of psychology and neuroscience and from the worlds of theater, philosophy, history, and education to present a welcoming, hopeful, integrated approach to human connection. How to Know a Person helps readers become more understanding and considerate toward others, and to find the joy that comes from being seen. Along the way it offers a possible remedy for a society that is riven by fragmentation, hostility, and misperception. The act of seeing another person, Brooks argues, is profoundly creative: How can we look somebody in the eye and see something large in them, and in turn, see something larger in ourselves? How to Know a Person is for anyone searching for connection, and yearning to be understood.

Controversial Dialectic is the art of disputing, and of disputing in such a way as to hold one's own, whether one is in the right or the wrong - per fas et nefas. A man may be objectively in the right, and nevertheless in the eyes of bystanders, and sometimes in his own, he may come off worst. For example, I may advance a proof of some assertion, and my adversary may refute the proof, and thus appear to have refuted the assertion, for which there may, nevertheless, be other proofs. In this case, of course, my adversary and I change places: he comes off best, although, as a matter of fact, he is in the wrong.

Kærligheden er det eneste, der virkelig tæller. Mennesket er et elskende dyr, og spørgsmålet er, hvad livet i sidste ender handler om, hvis det ikke er at lære at elske.I denne tilsyneladende simple konstatering finder vi også de afgørende spørgsmål, som ligger til grund for Kærlighedens kartotek. Hvordan elsker man? Elsker man på forskellige måder, afhængigt af hvilken relation man indgår i? I hvor høj grad er man prisgivet sin tid, den kultur og den familie, man er født ind i, og i hvor høj grad kan man tage livets amourøse skæbne i egne hænder?‘Kærlighedens kartotek’ hviler på to antagelser; at kærligheden findes, og at det er umuligt at komme med en endelig bestemmelse af, hvad den er, i mindre generelle termer end den kraft, der forbinder os til verden og hinanden. På den ene side ville vores forståelse for alt det, der betyder noget, være overfladisk uden en henvisning til kærligheden. På den anden side er det svært at forstå og tale om den måde, kærligheden viser sig på, uden henvisning til de utallige måder, hvorpå den virker i vores liv. Antologiens tretten kapitler belyser kærlighedens relation til etikken, erotikken, sorgen, omsorgen, selvkærligheden, udviklingen, seksualiteten, kønnet, venskabet, moderniteten, naturen, ånden og forundringen og inviterer hermed læseren med på en bredspektret og multidisciplinær undersøgelse af dens forskellige fremtrædelsesformer.BidragydereAnne Eggert Stevns: Kærlighed og etikJon Auring Grimm: Kærlighed og erotikKresten Lundsgaard-Leth: Kærlighed og selvkærlighedEster Holte Kofod: Kærlighed og sorgDitte Winther-Lindqvist: Kærlighed og omsorgKatrine Zeuthen: Kærlighed og barndomBo Møhl: Kærlighed og seksualitetTone Grise Dandanell: Kærlighed og kønInger Glavind Bo: Kærlighed og modernitetJonas Holst: Kærlighed og venskabFinn Thorbjørn Hansen: Kærlighed og undrenKnut Ivar Bjørklykhaug: Kærlighed og naturJoachim Wiewiura: Kærlighed og ånd“Hvis vi antager, at kærligheden stadig har sin gang på jorden, at de fleste tror på dens eksistens og tilskriver den en afgørende betydning for livet, er den måske det tætteste, vi i dag kommer på den platoniske sol; altings ophav, som vi ikke kan se direkte i øjnene. Vi ser dens skygger, mærker dens lys og er helt og aldeles omsluttede af dens varme. Vi fødes ind i en verden af kærlighed og bliver til dem, vi er, igennem den. Livet handler måske om at lære at elske andre og os selv, og forhåbentlig tager vi en dag herfra uden fortvivelse.”Alfred Sköld, fra bogens indledning.

Alle snakker om det. Men hvad er det, vi taler om, når vi taler om folket?I Folket præsenterer filosofferne Kristoffer Bayer og Silas Marker, gennem tænkere som Platon, Hobbes og Rousseau, læseren for, hvordan der fra antikken og frem til i dag er blevet udkæmpet en voldsom kamp om fortællingen om folket. Bogens to forfatterne viser, hvordan der forsat kæmpes om begrebet og hvordan politikere og politiske bevægelser som Inger Støjberg, Men in black og nutidens højre- og venstrepopulisme bruger begrebet i dag til at skabe nye fortællinger om, hvem folket er – og hvem der ikke er en del af det.Folket henvender sig til alle, der godt kunne tænke sig, at få skærpet sit blik for de fælles træk i nutidens populistiske bevægelser og det liberale repræsentative demokrati. Og den demonstrerer hvordan spørgsmålene fra den politiske filosofiske tradition stadig kan være nøgle til at forstå vores samtid: Fra den antikke filosofi til traktor-demonstrationer og mink-sag, fra oplysningstidens politiske tænkere til Kaare Dybvad Beks og Alex Vanopslaghs facebookopslag.Mikkel Thorup, professor i idéhistorie ved Aarhus Universitet, skriver om bogen:"Folket er et dunkelt og magisk begreb, der får ting til at ske og andet til at forsvinde. Dette er den første bog, der går i dybt ned i begrebet, dets historie og logik, og forklarer, hvordan magien virker. I en tid fyldt med referencer til 'folket' er denne bog uomgængelig."

Sun Tzu's 5th century BC military manual, The Art of War, revolutionized warfare when it was written. In the millennia since, its sage advice has been applied to fields as varied as business, leadership, warfare, politics and everyday life. In this fascinating guide, business journalist Dominic Hale helps you interpret the classic work to show you how to apply its advice to becoming a better leader. Showing you how to effectively motivate your workforce, pursue bold new strategies and understand your competitors, Sun Tzu's wisdom proves equally applicable to the business world. This edition includes the entire unabridged text of the original The Art of War, so you can easily refer back to the classic text. In this work, you will discover: - The traits that make a great leader- How to develop your own management skills- How to get the most out of your team>By taking examples from the modern business world in a variety of different industries, The Art of War Guide to Business Leadership shows you how to become a better leader by learning from ancient wisdom.

“Hvem er du?” “Hvor kommer verden fra?”Sofie er kommet langt siden den dag, hun modtog disse mærkelige spørgsmål.I anden del fører Sofies søgen efter svar hende gennem de vigtigste strømninger inden for moderne filosofi. Samtidig kæmper hun og filosofilæreren Alberto med, at de nu ved, at de er figurer i en tegneserie. Det stiller dem over for en masse udfordringer og valg, men dem møder Sofie med et ukueligt gåpåmod.Zabus og Vincent Nicoby har skabt en underholdende graphic novel baseret på den filosofiske roman og bestseller Sofies verden af Jostein Gaarder. Det imponerende værk giver nye generationer mulighed for sammen med Sofie at udforske de vigtige spørgsmål i livet.

I december 2021 var det 30 år siden, at Sofies verden udkom for første gang. Det skulle vise sig at blive et verdensomspændende litterært eventyr. Jostein Gaarders ungdomsroman om vestens filosofihistorie er en international bogsucces uden sidestykke.Og eventyret fortsætter. I år udkommer Sofies verden i et helt nyt format: som en graphic novel i to bind, der giver en vidunderlig mulighed for at introducere nutidens læsere for en sms'ende, feministisk, klimaaktivistisk Sofie.

In a world shaken by ecological, economic and political crises, the forces of authoritarianism and reaction seem to have the upper hand. How should we name, map and respond to this state of affairs?

"Robert Sapolsky's Behave--his now classic account of why humans do good and why they do bad--pointed toward an unsettling conclusion: we may not grasp the precise marriage of nature and nurture that creates the physics and chemistry at the base of human behavior, but that doesn't mean it doesn't exist. Now, in Determined, Sapolsky takes his argument all the way, mounting a ... full-frontal assault on the pleasant fantasy that there is some separate self telling our biology what to do. Determined offers a ... synthesis of what we know about how consciousness works--the tight weave between reason and emotion and between stimulus and response in the moment and over a life. One by one, Sapolsky tackles all the major arguments for free will and takes them out, cutting a path through the thickets of chaos and complexity science and quantum physics, as well as touching ground on some of the wilder shores of philosophy"--

THE SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER 'Unapologetically optimistic and bracingly realistic, this is the most inspiring book on ';ethical living' I've ever read.' Oliver Burkeman, Guardian ';A monumental event.' Rutger Bregman, author of Humankind ';A book of great daring, clarity, insight and imagination. To be simultaneously so realistic and so optimistic, and always so damn readable well that is a miracle for which he should be greatly applauded.' Stephen Fry Humanity is in its infancy. Our future could last for millions of years or it could end tomorrow. Astonishing numbers of people could lead lives of great happiness or unimaginable suffering, or never live at all, depending on what we choose to do today. As we approach a critical juncture in our history, we can make profound moral decisions about how humanity's course plays out. We can create positive change on behalf of future generations, to prevent the use of catastrophic weapons and maintain peace between the world's great powers. We can improve our moral values, navigating the rise of AI and climate change more fairly for generations to come. The challenges we face are enormous. But so is the influence we have. If we choose wisely, our distant descendants will look back on us fondly, knowing we did everything we could to give them a world that is beautiful and just.

Lige på og hårdt. Eller blidt. I pornografiens verden er der noget for enhver smag, selvom den ofte bliver beskyldt for at være smagløs. Den undertrykker og frigør, forarger og inspirerer: Vores ublu reaktioner er så forskellige som vores præferencer. Ifølge Sidsel Harder, sociolog ved Gent Universitet, afdækker nøgenheden ikke bare vores kollektive forhold til sex, men også kønnenes stilling. Den fremturer korporligt på kirkehvælvinger, gamle græske vaser, tyndslidte VHS-bånd og det driftige internet. For sex sælger, når kløen bliver sød, og vi giver moralen et smæk bagi.

Hvad ville historien være uden dens arkiver, dens museer og samlinger, dens skrifter og traditioner for fortolkning? Ville der overhovedet eksistere sådan noget som historie? Den berømte og berygtede franske filosof Jacques Derrida opsporer i et af sine mest kendte værker, som nu foreligger på dansk, netop denne problematik.Med sin dekonstruktive metode optrevler Derrida problematikken indefra med en bog, som udover de centrale teser stort set kun består af metatekst – i form af en indledning, et forord, en exergue og et efterskrift. I anledning af den danske oversættelse er tilføjet et forord af oversætteren Frederik-Emil Friis Jakobsen og et efterord af Torsten Andreasen.»Intet er i dag mere uklart og mere foruroligende end det begreb, der er arkiveret i ordet arkiv. […] Arkivets uro stammer fra en arkivfeber, fra en mal d’archive. Vi er »en mal d’archive«: Vi er i arkivforlegenhed. […] Det er endeløst, uophørligt, at søge efter arkivet, dér hvor det undslipper os. Det er at forfølge det, selv når der er for meget af det, dér hvor noget i det anarkiverer sig. Det er at lade sig drage mod det af et tvingende, gentagende og nostalgisk begær, et uundertrykkeligt begær efter en tilbagevenden til oprindelsen, en hjemve, en nostalgi om at vende tilbage til den absolutte begyndelses mest arkaiske sted.«

”Vi skal holde op med at tro, at bevidstheden er det, der adskiller os mennesker fra vores omgivelser. Det er tværtimod noget, der forbinder os med dem.” Hver morgen sker der et lille mirakel. Miraklet er, at du vågner og kommer til bevidsthed. Bevidstheden er det største mysterium af dem alle. Indtil for nylig var der ingen bud på, hvordan en bevidst oplevelse kan opstå i menneskehjernens myriader af nerveceller – eller noget som helst andet sted. Hænger bevidstheden sammen med den gådefulde kvantemekanik? Er bevidstheden en illusion? Er bevidsthed overhovedet forbeholdt mennesker og højerestående dyr? Eller bobler bevidstheden frem, hvor vi mindst ville vente det, måske også i planteriget? En stribe nyere teorier forsøger at give svar, og svarene udfordrer i den grad vores billede af virkeligheden og vores egen plads i den. Kom med på en spændende rejse, der både fører ind i hjernen, ud i blækspruttens »tænkende« arme, forbi basilikummens »lidelser« og helt ned til atomernes forunderlige verden.

”Oplysning er menneskets udgang af dets selvforskyldte umyndighed.” Sådan skrev den tyske filosof Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) for over 200 år siden. I denne tekst opfordrer Kant os til at træde ud af ignorancen og påtage os ansvaret for vores egen dannelse. Besvarelse af spørgsmålet: Hvad er oplysning? kan læses som en opfordring, en tale til ungdommen, en slags hjælpende hånd til dem, der ikke synes, det er let at finde ud af, hvad man skal bruge alle verdens informationer til, bare fordi de altid er ved hånden.Ph.d. og lektor i etik og religionsfrihed Pia Søltoft har skrevet efterord. Bogen er oversat af Kurt Jensen (rettet og revideret til andenudgaven af Carsten Fogh Nielsen).Bogen udkommer i serien ATLAS & Gyldendals Småskrifter, der er evigtgyldige tanker i lommeformat – litterære essays, politiske brandtaler og uddrag af værker, der gennem tiden har været skelsættende for, hvordan vi har indrettet vores samfund, og for de måder, hvorpå vi tænker om os selv som mennesker.

'A wit and wisdom that harkens back to an age of enlightenment' - RON PERLMAN, ACTOR'A meditation guide from a man with a mind most unlikely to be conducive to meditation' - MANCHÁN MAGAN, WRITER AND BROADCASTER'In this beautifully written story, Robert Sheehan shares his journey from chaos to stillness and how meditation can lead us to a place of connection and calm' - DEB DANA, AUTHOR OF ANCHORED From Robert Sheehan, star of Misfits and The Umbrella Academy, and host of hit podcast The Earth Locker, comes a heartfelt journey to inner peace.In Playing Dead, Robert Sheehan shares intimate reflections on his search for purpose, looking back at the adventures - and misadventures - of his life so far, and sharing the profoundly transformative lessons he has learnt along the way.Meditation is at the heart of Robert's route to spiritual awakening. In Playing Dead he reveals the turbulence in his life that led him to seek calm and tranquility within. A beautiful, meandering memoir reflecting a rich tapestry of experience, uncovering how spirituality has become his anchor in the constant moving tide. Combining storytelling with letters, poetry, childhood memories and thoughtful musings on fame.Through this compelling description of his quest for inner stillness, Robert shows us how we can welcome a practice of meditation into our own lives, with tools for soothing your nervous system and focusing a fretful mind. In a world where our attention is constantly up for grabs, Playing Dead shows how we can give our souls the deep rest we crave.