Etik og moralfilosofi

This book reports on theoretical and practical analyses of the ethical challenges connected to driving automation. It also aims at discussing issues that have arisen from the European Commission 2020 report ¿Ethics of Connected and Automated Vehicles. Recommendations on Road Safety, Privacy, Fairness, Explainability and Responsibility¿. Gathering contributions by philosophers, social scientists, mechanical engineers, and UI designers, the book discusses key ethical concerns relating to responsibility and personal autonomy, privacy, safety, and cybersecurity, as well as explainability and human-machine interaction. On the one hand, it examines these issues from a theoretical, normative point of view. On the other hand, it proposes practical strategies to face the most urgent ethical problems, showing how the integration of ethics and technology can be achieved through design practices. All in all, this book fosters a multidisciplinary approach where philosophy, ethics, and engineering are integrated, rather than just juxtaposed. It is meant to inform and inspire an audience of philosophers of technology, ethicists, engineers, developers, manufacturers, and regulators, among other interested readers.

We've entered a modern age where facts change rapidly, leaving our expectations in flux.In this thought-provoking book, Carlos G. Jimenez embarks on a profound journey, delving into the realms of self-discovery, identity crisis, and the shifting landscapes of our values, aspirations and musical tastes that accompany it.With a brilliant fusion of philosophical wisdom and psychological insights, Jimenez weaves it all together with captivating anecdotes and moral philosophy to create something truly unique.This is a guide to dealing with personal crises and suffering like no other.

El propósito de esta obra es presentar el pensamiento de Elio Sgreccia acerca de la dignidad de la persona, con sus aportes filosóficos en textos y las nuevas concepciones de la bioética personalista de Elio Sgreccia, pues en él se indican los motivos que han inducido a escribir la obra, relacionados con temas candentes como la donación de órganos, células madre, objeción de conciencia y estado vegetativo permanente. Es decir, sus importantes visiones en torno a la biomedicina y la ética, aunque bien es cierto que nunca ha sido intención de dicho autor elaborar una noción de persona propia. Sgreccia no ha hecho sino valerse de la clásica noción de persona elaborada por Boecio y confirmada y precisada por Tomás de Aquino: "Substancia individual de naturaleza racional", o bien, el subsistente distinto en la naturaleza racional.1 La aportación personal a esta investigación viene caracterizada por la pretensión de poner en diálogo la contribución de dicho autor con las corrientes actuales de la bioética. Estamos convencidos que poniendo en interrelación la obra de Elio Sgreccia con las corrientes dominantes se puede generar una transferencia de conocimientos, de la que está muy necesitada la sociedad de nuestro tiempo.

This book develops an original theory of agentive modality: the kind of modality that is distinctive to agents. The central thesis is that the idea of an option should be taken as primitive, and that other agentive notions - such as ability, skill, and free will - should be understood in terms of options. The main contributions of this book are twofold. First, it resolves many of the outstanding questions in the metaphysics and semantics of agentive modality. In doing so, it develops original accounts of topics that have been central to philosophy since Aristotle. It also contributes to a lively contemporary literature on these topics. Second, it articulates an austere and uncompromising form of compatibilism about free will, termed "e;simple compatibilism."e; Simple compatibilism is so-called because it rejects both the reductive theses endorsed by traditional compatibilists and the sophisticated proposals of many contemporary compatibilists. Instead, it turns precisely on insisting that options are analytically simple. Arguments for incompatibilism are shown to rest on auxiliary principles that should, in light of the book's general account of options, be rejected. 

The text introduces engineering to first-year undergraduate students using Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL). It draws on several different inquiry-based instruction types such as confirmation inquiry, structured inquiry, guided inquiry, and open inquiry, and all of their common elements. Professor Blum¿s approach emphasizes the student¿s role in the learning process, empowering them in the classroom to explore the material, ask questions, and share ideas, instead of the instructor lecturing to passive learners about what they need to know. Beginning with a preface to IBL, the book is organized into three parts, each consisting of four to ten chapters. Each chapter has a dedicated topic where an initial few paragraphs of introductory or fundamental material are provided. This is followed by a series of focused questions that guide the students¿ learning about the concept(s) being taught. Featuring multiple inquiry-based strategies, each most appropriate to the topic, An Inquiry-Based Approach to Introduction to Engineering stands as an easy to use textbook that quickly allows students to actively engage with the content during every class period.

This comprehensive collection brings out the rich and deep philosophical resources of the Zhuangzi. It covers textual, linguistic, hermeneutical, ethical, social/political and philosophical issues, with the latter including epistemological, metaphysical, phenomenological and cross-cultural (Chinese and Western) aspects. The volume starts out with the textual history of the Zhuangzi, and then examines how language is used in the text. It explores this unique characteristic of the Zhuangzi, in terms of its metaphorical forms, its use of humour in deriding and parodying the Confucians, and paradoxically making Confucius the spokesman for Zhuangzi's own point of view. The volume discusses questions such as: Why does Zhuangzi use language in this way, and how does it work? Why does he not use straightforward propositional language? Why is language said to be inadequate to capture the "e;dao"e; and what is the nature of this dao? The volume puts Zhuangzi in the philosophical context of his times, and discusses how he relates to other philosophers such as Laozi, Xunzi, and the Logicians.

The definitive case for radically rethinking humanity's relationship with other animals - for the good of us all. 'The book that had the most impact on me' JANE GOODALL'Probably the single most influential document in the history of ... animal welfare' GUARDIANIn 1975, Animal Liberation started a global movement when it uncovered the abuse of animals in factory farms and laboratories and showed these horrific practices to be morally indefensible. In the decades since, science has vindicated Peter Singer's arguments about animal sentience, plant-based diets have become mainstream and his landmark book has changed millions of minds. And yet, for animals, the situation has grown worse.Fully rewritten for the twenty-first century, Animal Liberation Now reveals these new developments and refines its arguments to address the pressing problems of today, including the impact of meat consumption on the climate emergency and the spread of lethal new viruses. A book of galvanising power and importance, it shows that the need to radically rethink our relationship with animals is more pressing than ever.'Will motivate a new generation of readers who are resolutely committed to creating a just society for all' JOAQUIN PHOENIX'The indispensable foundational text for the movement, new and updated' J. M. COETZEE'One the most important books of the last 100 years' ECOLOGIST

Trotz großer Verbesserungen in der Versorgung von Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes (MmT1D) werden auch bei hoher Motivation und hohem Wissensstand der T1D-Grundlagen und -Therapie die angestrebten Blutglukose-Werte häufig nicht erreicht. Daher hat sich aus der Gruppe der MmT1D und ihrer Angehörigen eine Gemeinschaft zusammengefunden, die auf Basis kommerzieller Technologien sogenannte Open-Source-Closed-Loop-Systeme (OSCLS) entwickelt, welche eine automatisierte Insulinabgabe ermöglichen. OSCLS haben das Potenzial, das Management der Erkrankung zu erleichtern und normnähere Blutglukose-Werte zu erzielen. Die OSCLS sind jedoch weder offiziell geprüfte noch zugelassene Systeme. Aus dem Blickwinkel der Technikfolgenabschätzung untersucht die vorliegende Arbeit mittels leitfadengestützter qualitativer Interviews mit Nutzenden und Fachkräften vorrangig, warum sich die Nutzenden der OSCLS für die Systeme entscheiden und wie sich diese auf das Leben der Nutzenden sowie auf das Gesundheitswesen auswirken. Zudem ordnet diese Arbeit die OSCLS-Bewegung in vergleichbare aktivistische Bewegungen in Medizin und Gesundheit ein sowie in den Kontext der derzeit immer stärker werdenden Bewegung der Patient Innovation.

Der Band diskutiert ausgewählte Positionen der Theoriebildung Ernesto Laclaus, die in den letzten Jahren im Kontext demokratietheoretischer Debatten zwar in politik-, kultur- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Feldern rezipiert wurde, deren Aufnahme in erziehungswissenschaftlichen Debatten aber eher als ¿handverlesen¿ bezeichnet werden könnte. Die Rezeption beschränkt sich häufig auf spezifische Einsätze rund um die gemeinsam mit Chantal Mouffe in Hegemonie und radikale Demokratie entwickelte und an Antonio Gramsci ansetzende Hegemonietheorie. Dass Laclaus Perspektiven jedoch eine Vielzahl produktiver Anschlüsse und Irritationen für unterschiedliche pädagogische Frage- und Problemstellungen beinhalten, verdeutlichen die hier versammelten Beiträge rund um transdisziplinäre Spannungsverhältnisse von Politik, Bildung und Pädagogik, von Artikulation und Repräsentation, von Ontologie und Identität oder im Kontext aktueller Sichtweisen auf Inklusion, Solidarität, Migration, pädagogische Beziehungen und Professionalität.

Offers a unified vision for approaching human ethical responses to what science is telling us about the crises facing our environment and climate.

I rum sø: En sentenser-bog er en samling af aforismer af Friedrich Nietzsche. Samlingen er fra et mindre kvarthæfte fra Nietzsches efterladte papirer fra efteråret 1882. Hæftet er i en kort periode tænkt som en selvstændig udgivelse. Men Nietzsche opgiver overvejelsen. I sentenserne udfolder Nietzsche sit talent for den psykologiske iagttagelse og rekapitulerer flere af sine filosofiske tankefigurer. Kvarthæftets tekster dokumenterer desuden Nietzsches veneration for og tilføjelser til den franske moralist François de La Rochefoucaulds portræt af ”det menneskelige hjerte” – livets forstillelser, bedrag og glæder. Nietzsches aforismer I rum sø: En sentenser-bog foreligger her for første gang i en dansk oversættelse med et forord af Peter K. Westergaard.”At det at tænke over det menneskelige, alt for menneskelige – eller, med det mere lærde udtryk: den psykologiske iagttagelse – hører til de midler, hvormed man kan gøre sig livets byrde lettere, at øvelsen i denne kunst giver åndsnærværelse i svære stunder og underhold midt i en kedsommelig omgivelse, ja, at man kan plukke sentenser af de mest tornefulde og ubehagelige træk ved ens eget liv og således føle sig en smule bedre tilpas: det troede man, det vidste man – i tidligere århundreder. Hvorfor har dette århundrede glemt det … ?” Friedrich Nietzsche: Menneskeligt, alt for menneskeligt, §35

The Soul of Humanity is a general appeal to abandon blind faith and apply rational thinking to all important matters of life, from science and relationships to politics and religion. The authors apply the ages-old knowledge of the world's great religions to explain how and why rationality can help civilization climb out of the abyss of superstition and prejudice and unleash humanity's innate powers of reason. The book presents a compelling argument that without rational thinking, the collective "soul of humanity" will remain frozen in a cycle of disunity and social upheaval that defies all efforts to find the holy grail of universal peace, then offers a set of principles and values that can undeniably illuminate the path forward.

Esta edición totalmente adaptada y reescrita de "El Enchiridion" ofrece una actualización completa para satisfacer las necesidades de los lectores contemporáneos. Las características clave de esta edición incluyen:¿ Reescritura completa del texto para garantizar su relevancia y accesibilidad para los lectores modernos.¿ Introducción de debates únicos en forma de "De la lección... ¡a la acción!" segmentos, lo que permite a los lectores aplicar fácilmente las invaluables enseñanzas estoicas de Epicteto a sus propias vidas.¿ Secciones "De la lección" que destilan el mensaje central de cada enseñanza estoica en declaraciones concisas e impactantes.¿ "¡A la acción!" secciones que brindan pautas claras, concisas y prácticas para su aplicación inmediata en nuestra vida diaria.¿ Un índice completo con términos y definiciones importantes a lo largo del texto, lo que facilita una navegación fácil y eficiente.¿ Un diseño visualmente atractivo diseñado para mejorar la experiencia de lectura y garantizar un flujo continuo de información.Con estas mejoras, esta edición ofrece una experiencia de lectura poderosa y transformadora, cerrando la brecha entre la sabiduría antigua y las exigencias de la vida moderna.Sabiduría estoica para la vida moderna: uniendo la filosofía antigua con los lectores contemporáneosEl libro profundiza en las enseñanzas de Epicteto, explorando temas como el poder de la aceptación, la importancia de comprender qué está bajo nuestro control y qué no, la búsqueda del autodominio y la práctica de la gratitud. Al iluminar estos conceptos con ejemplos relacionados y transmitirlos en un estilo conversacional y accesible, el autor se asegura de que los lectores puedan comprender e implementar fácilmente los principios estoicos en su vida diaria.Una guía práctica para aplicar el estoicismoAdemás, la discusión va más allá de simplemente explicar la filosofía; alienta a los lectores a tomar medidas. A lo largo del libro, el autor ofrece ejercicios prácticos e indicaciones, brindando a los lectores las herramientas para internalizar las enseñanzas estoicas y desarrollar su propia mentalidad estoica. Estos ejercicios que invitan a la reflexión guían a los lectores en un viaje de autorreflexión y superación personal, capacitándolos para descubrir su verdadero potencial y vivir una vida más plena.Uniendo la Sabiduría Antigua con la Vida ModernaComo una guía de estoicismo cuidadosamente adaptada, este libro no solo sirve como una introducción a las enseñanzas de Epicteto, sino que también une la sabiduría antigua con las demandas y hábitos de los lectores de hoy. Este texto se erige en un compañero de hoy en día, que ofrece sabiduría eterna y técnicas prácticas para aquellos que buscan navegar los desafíos de la vida con claridad, propósito y tranquilidad.

This handbook offers a collection of scholarly essays that analyze questions of reproductive justice throughout its cultural representation in global literature and film. It offers analysis of specific texts carefully situated in their evolving historical, economic, and cultural contexts. Reproductive justice is taken beyond the American setting in which the theory and movement began; chapters apply concepts to international realities and literatures from different countries and cultures by covering diverse genres of cultural production, including film, television, YouTube documentaries, drama, short story, novel, memoir, and self-help literature. Each chapter analyzes texts from within the framework of reproductive justice in an interdisciplinary way, including English, Japanese, Italian, Spanish, and German language, literature and culture, comparative literature, film, South Asian fiction, Canadian theatre, writing, gender studies, Deaf studies, disability studies, global healthand medical humanities, and sociology. Academics, graduate students and advanced undergraduate students in Literature, Gender, Sexuality and Women¿s Studies, Cultural Studies, Motherhood Studies, Comparative Literature, History, Sociology, the Medical Humanities, Reproductive Justice, and Human Rights are the main audience of the volume.

This book combines the fundamentals of industrial organization theories based on microeconomic foundations, applied econometrics and environmental and natural resource economics in undertaking a comprehensive review of reforms of the power sector and its impact on industrial and socio-economic performance. The book provides the reader with the intellectual groundwork necessary for understanding the workings and interactions of today's reforming power markets such as in the ASEAN and East Asia that are striving to achieve the energy policy trilemma of affordability, energy sustainability and energy security. The topics addressed in this book include application of welfare theorems such as competition in and for the market in the electricity sector, market failures such as lack of electricity access, analysis of forecasting models under volatility, energy resource allocation such as renewable energy and competitive market designs of energy markets. Country-specific and region-specific case studies are used to analyze the progress and outcomes of market-driven electricity reforms across the reforming and advanced electricity markets. Therefore, the book derives policy lessons and provides policy recommendations in reforming power markets for the ASEAN and East Asia taking stock of more than three decades of global experience with power sector reforms. The electricity markets case studies are carefully chosen and supported by extensive data analyses as appropriate. This book on energy economics and policy is highly recommended to readers who seek an in-depth and up-to-date integrated overview about the evolving literature and status on electricity market reforms with a particular reference to Asia.