Hydrologi og hydrosfæren

"The beauty of the apex predator captured up close and unflinchingly. A global shift from fright to endearment is happening, and the world is falling in love with sharks as risk of their endangerment increases. Mike Coots, who was nearly killed by a tiger shark as a teenager and has since dedicated his life to capturing and sharing sharks' beauty and indispensable role in a healthy ocean, gets up close and very personal with the magnificent creatures, presenting his unique perspective through portraits exposing both their brawn and their brains. Traveling the world (Hawaii, Mexico, New Zealand, Bahamas, and Maldives), free diving and scuba diving, often with no cage, Coots has recorded Tigers, Great Hammerheads, rare Oceanic White Tips, Lemons, Silvertips, Caribbean Reef Sharks, and massive Great Whites, as big as fourteen feet in length. Big, bold, and beautiful, extraordinary portraits of some of the ocean's largest sharks present a fresh photographic narrative of what it's like being apex. Coots anthropomorphizes the giant fish, with amazingly detailed and unexpectedly intimate images, filled with the stunning character of each species revealed marvelously."--

"From New York Times bestselling author Susan Casey, an awe-inspiring portrait of the mysterious world beneath the waves, and the men and women who seek to uncover its secrets For all of human history, the deep ocean has been a source of wonder and terror, an unknown realm that evoked a singular, compelling question: What's down there? Unable to answer this for centuries, people believed the deep was a sinister realm of fiendish creatures and deadly peril. But now, cutting-edge technologies allow scientists and explorers to dive miles beneath the surface, and we are beginning to understand this strange and exotic underworld: A place of soaring mountains, smoldering volcanoes, and valleys 7,000 feet deeper than Everest is high, where tectonic plates collide and separate, and extraordinary life forms operate under different rules. Far from a dark void, the deep is a vibrant realm that's home to pink gelatinous predators and shimmering creatures a hundred feet long and ancient animals with glass skeletons and sharks that live for half a millennium-among countless other marvels. Susan Casey is our premiere chronicler of the aquatic world. For The Underworld she traversed the globe, joining scientists and explorers on dives to the deepest places on the planet, interviewing the marine geologists, marine biologists, and oceanographers who are searching for knowledge in this vast unseen realm. She takes us on a fascinating journey through the history of deep-sea exploration, from the myths and legends of the ancient world to storied shipwrecks we can now reach on the bottom, to the first intrepid bathysphere pilots, to the scientists who are just beginning to understand the mind-blowing complexity and ecological importance of the quadrillions of creatures who live in realms long thought to be devoid of life. Throughout this journey, she learned how vital the deep is to the future of the planet, and how urgent it is that we understand it in a time of increasing threats from climate change, industrial fishing, pollution, and the mining companies that are also exploring its depths. The Underworld is Susan Casey's most beautiful and thrilling book yet, a gorgeous evocation of the natural world and a powerful call to arms"--

RADIO 4 BOOK OF THE WEEKFINANCIAL TIMES 2023 BOOK OF THE YEARTHE TIMES SCIENCE BOOK OF THE YEAR: 'This beautifully written, sweeping guide shows how the deep movement of the seas have ruled our lives in unexpected ways over millennia.''The world needs a 'David Attenborough for physics' and Helen Czerski is a prime contender - she's brilliant, clear, passionate, modern and inspiring.' - Emma Freud, BBC Radio 4 Loose Ends'A dazzle of stories beautifully told...Outstanding ... Her readers will see the seas anew.'Horatio Clare, Telegraph'Excellent and important.' Spectator'Czerski is a wonderful writer ... Blue Machine really does change the way you see the world.' Daily Mail'In Helen Czerski's hands, the mechanical becomes magical. An instant classic.'Tristan Gooley, author of How to Read Water'Blue Machine is quite simply one of the best books I have ever read.'Dr George McGavin, zoologist, entomologist and broadcaster'A fascinating dive into the essential engine that drives our world.'Gaia Vince, science journalist, broadcaster and author of Nomad Century All of the Earth's ocean, from the equator to the poles, is a single engine powered by sunlight - a blue machine. Earth is home to a huge story that is rarely told - that of our ocean. Not the fish or the dolphins, but the massive ocean engine itself: what it does, why it works, and the many ways it has influenced animals, weather and human history & culture. In a book that will recalibrate our view of this defining feature of our planet, physicist Helen Czerski dives deep to illuminate the murky depths of the ocean engine, examining the messengers, passengers and voyagers that live in it, travel over it, and survive because of it. From the ancient Polynesians who navigated the Pacific by reading the waves to permanent residents of the deep such as the Greenland shark that can live for hundreds of years, she explains the vast currents, invisible ocean walls and underwater waterfalls that all have their place in the ocean's complex, interlinked system. Timely, elegant and passionately argued, Blue Machine presents a fresh perspective on what it means to be a citizen of an ocean planet. The understanding it offers is crucial to our future. Drawing on years of experience at the forefront of marine science, Helen Czerski captures the magnitude and subtlety of Earth's defining feature, showing us the thrilling extent to which we are at the mercy of this great engine. ................................... 'Helen Czerski weaves together physics and biology, history and science, in a beautifully poetic way.'Professor Alice Roberts

Capture the splendor of sea life with this alluring collection of stickers. Enjoy over a thousand vintage drawings that portray the majestic beauty of the ocean and the simple pleasure of a day at the beach. Detailed illustrations of shells, fish, and coral unveil spectacular marine life found on the seashore and on the seabed.This lavishly bound hardback book with decorative foil is the perfect gift for crafters, scrapbookers, and those who enjoy beautiful imagery of sea life.Use these beautiful stickers to decorate your personal items or simply enjoy this book as an exquisite keepsake.

This fully revised and updated edition introduces the reader to sedimentology and stratigraphic principles, and provides tools for the interpretation of sediments and sedimentary rocks. The processes of formation, transport and deposition of sediment are considered and then applied to develop conceptual models for the full range of sedimentary environments, from deserts to deep seas and reefs to rivers. Different approaches to using stratigraphic principles to date and correlate strata are also considered, in order to provide a comprehensive introduction to all aspects of sedimentology and stratigraphy. The text and figures are designed to be accessible to anyone completely new to the subject, and all of the illustrative material is provided in an accompanying CD-ROM. High-resolution versions of these images can also be downloaded from the companion website for this book at: www.wiley.com/go/nicholssedimentology.

Long hailed as a classic of American nature writing, Henry Beston's eloquent chronicle of a solitary year spent on a Cape Cod beach was written in longhand at the kitchen table, in a little room overlooking the North Atlantic and the dunes. In 1926 Beston retreated to the outer beach at Eastham in search of peace and solitude. What began as a two-week stay lengthened into a year spent keenly observing the rhythm of the seasons and life on the Great Beach. The Outermost House played a part in establishing the Cape Code National Seashore and has profoundly influenced subsequent nature writers, including Rachel Carson, Joseph Wood Krutch, Annie Dillard, and Barry Lopez. This Warbler Classics edition includes an essay by Allan Burns on the art and legacy of The Outermost House as well as a detailed biographical timeline.

¿This book comprehensively addresses the most challenging water issues in India in a changing climate for the first time and suggests potential solutions. It has been observed that over the past two decades, water usage has significantly increased in India due to population growth, economic development and an increase in multiple uses of water, including irrigation, hydropower, industries, domestic consumption, fisheries, eco-system needs and the environment. India's water future is mainly influenced by rising food demand to feed the increasing population, emerging climate change impacts on agriculture and the water sector, the increasing cost of interventions, poor cost recovery, the low level of technology adoption and weak water policy.Artificial recharge of the groundwater aquifers, improved water use efficiency and the groundwater-energy-agriculture nexus are important for the future of India's water planning and are well addressed in this book. Also covered are climate-smart practices, wastewater reuse methods, and digital water and agriculture tools. The book further analyses improved irrigation modernization plans and explores the potential for micro-irrigation expansion including canal and tank irrigation systems in the country.Overall, this book is one of the first of its kind to present India's future water and irrigation issues with field-based solutions,providing lessons learnt from successful national and international case studies. The volume is a useful resource for a wide range of readers including policy makers, planners, donors, implementing agencies and researchers in the water sector.

Environmental Sensitivity Indexing (ESI) and risk assessment are two critical components in the preparation and management of oil spills along coastal regions. In the event of an oil spill, quick and efficient response is necessary to mitigate the adverse impacts on the environment and human health. Accurate assessment of the potential risks and damages caused by oil spills is essential for effective management of the spill. ESI is a tool used to assess the sensitivity of an area to oil spills, taking into account the local environmental conditions, biological resources, and socio-economic factors. The ESI can be used to identify high-risk areas, such as sensitive habitats, critical infrastructure, and popular recreational areas. This information can be used to develop contingency plans, prioritize response efforts, and allocate resources in the event of a spill. Risk assessment is the process of evaluating the potential hazards and impacts of an oil spill on the environment and human health. This process takes into account the characteristics of the oil, the environmental conditions, and the socio-economic factors in the affected area. Risk assessments help to identify potential sources of pollution, evaluate the effectiveness of response strategies, and develop long-term monitoring plans to assess the impacts of the spill. Integrated modeling, remote sensing, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are valuable tools for conducting ESI and risk assessments for oil spills. Integrated modeling combines data from multiple sources to simulate the behavior of oil spills under various environmental conditions. Remote sensing technology can be used to detect and monitor oil spills, and GIS can be used to map the potential impacts of spills on coastal environments. In Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, ESI and risk assessment are crucial for managing the risk of oil spills along the coast. The region is home to several critical habitats, including mangroves, estuaries, and coral reefs, which are highly sensitive to oil pollution. The use of integrated modeling, remote sensing, and GIS can help to identify high-risk areas and develop effective response plans in the event of a spill. In conclusion, ESI and risk assessment are essential tools for managing the risk of oil spills along coastal regions. By identifying high-risk areas and evaluating potential impacts, ESI and risk assessment can help to mitigate the environmental and economic damages caused by oil spills. The use of integrated modeling, remote sensing, and GIS can improve the accuracy and effectiveness of ESI and risk assessment, enabling quick and efficient response in the event of a spill.

This book recognizes the fact that the vessels' intended operational profile may vary as some vessels are intended to operate with the assistance of an ice breaker and others are intended to operate independently. The guidance provided in this book is proposed to apply to all vessels that are designed, equipped and intended to operate in low-temperature environments. Special attention is given to those vessels operating for extended periods in the Arctic regions, as this presents specific and unique challenges for vessels and crew members. The application of the guidance in this book is optional. When a vessel is designed, equipped, built and surveyed in accordance with the relevant class rules, and when found satisfactory during class notation survey, a classification notation may be granted which demonstrates the vessel's compliance with the appropriate class requirements for vessels operating in low-temperature environments. Those vessels that are designed to meet the requirements of an ice class are typically required to meet specific class rules around ¿strengthening for navigation in ice¿ or other equivalent and recognized ice class rules. Accordingly, this book also provides guidance related to the requirements which address the duration of emergency electrical power. This extended emergency power duration is expressed in hours and may be appended to the base optional class notations. To provide as much context as possible, this book refers to the most relevant international regulations and standards that are considered to be applicable. It is recommended that readers of this book refer to the most recent text of those regulations and standards when seeking to apply the guidance set out herein, as it is the intent of the book to remain consistent with the pertinent international regulations and standards developed by the global maritime industry.

The book explains the basic concepts of river water quality index, river environments, shifting of river courses, dams and barrages ¿ their merits and demerits, mutual interdependence of river and society etc. in the typical geomorphic set up of West Bengal. In India, West Bengal is a riverine state due to the towering Himalayas to the north and the Bay of Bengal to the south. In between the mountain and sea, due to the location of the Gangetic delta region and its stability with space and time, the rivers of this state are gradually dying. In addition to the stability of the delta, the river channel is being filled with sediments carried along the river course from upstream. The role of dams, barrages and reservoirs in the normal flow of rivers at different geographical locations deserves discussion which is included in the book. It is to be expected that the rivers of West Bengal can be an outstanding example of mutual interdependence of science and society, all of which are included in the book.The use of different physicochemical parameters adopted for the water quality index of different rivers described in this book will provide new directions in this regard. With discussions like water quality index, river environments, shifting of river courses, reservoirs, dams and barrages, and mutual interdependence of river and society, it is the intention that this book, River Systems of West Bengal - Water and Environments, will be useful for the research and higher studies in the river related field. This book will be of interest to students and researchers of riverine environments.

This book provides a knowledge base of the existing indigenous and local water knowledge, values, and practices, and how this water knowledge can be mainstreamed into the decision-making process. The book not only demonstrates the perks of using indigenous knowledge but also illustrates the barriers and gaps that should be considered while planning for mainstreaming traditional knowledge and values at a local scale. The chapters incorporate case studies from various parts of the world demonstrating how indigenous, and religious and cultural values of water have translated into water use and conservation behavior among indigenous people ensuring resource sustainability over a long period of time. There has been global attention towards combining indigenous and local knowledge with new information and innovation to attain future water security. In this regard, this book is timely, relevant, and significant as it is the first attempt, as per the best of our knowledge, to publish a book that solely addresses indigenous and local knowledge, values, and practices regarding water management, quality monitoring, use, and conservation. With increasing emphasis on the inclusion of indigenous and local knowledge into natural resource governance and conservation by international agencies like the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), the proposed book will significantly contribute to the existing knowledge base and demonstrate the importance of mainstreaming indigenous water knowledge and practices into water governance and decision making. The UN SDGs, recognizing the significance of indigenous knowledge systems, emphasized its inclusion in most aspects and principles of SDGs. Apart from direct links with SDGs like zero hunger (SDG 2), no poverty (SDG 1), and climate action (SDG 13), indigenous and local knowledge system is considered to be directly connected to clean water and sanitation (SDG 6). The book will be useful to researchers and students in the field of indigenous knowledge and education, water governance, community-level planning, and water sustainability. The book can be referred to for postgraduate courses and beyond, as well as policymakers, conservationists, non-governmental organizations, development practitioners, and local government officials.

This comprehensive textbook combines the theoretical principles of engineering hydrology together with their practical applications, using modern industry-standard software. The textbook is written by the combination of a practitioner of water resources engineering with over 30 years of professional experience and a highly respected academic and recognized world authority in hydrology. Examples are drawn from global case studies, with exercises available online. The book begins with a review of the necessary mathematics and statistical hydrology. The underlying principles of the geographic information systems are discussed. In addition to topics covering fundamental concepts, separate chapters are devoted to reservoir operations, water resources management, climate change, and various methods of optimizing hydrologic models for calibration and validation. This textbook will prove to be indispensable for advanced students in civil, environmental, and agricultural engineering, preparing them to confidently join the industrial sector. It will also be an indispensable reference textbook for practicing engineers, bringing them up to date with modern techniques in applied hydrology.

Embark on an extraordinary journey into the depths of the ocean.Oceanographer Dawn Wright made history in 2022 when she became the first Black person to visit Challenger Deep, the deepest and most unexplored place on Earth--a trip that took her over 10,000 meters beneath the Pacific Ocean's surface. Remarkably, we know less about the ocean floor than we do about the surface of the moon. Barely one-fifth of the seabed has been mapped in high resolution to date. As an ocean scientist and explorer, Dawn has made it her mission to change that.Mapping the Deep takes you on an extraordinary adventure with an extraordinary woman into the depths of Challenger Deep, showcasing the perseverance and innovation needed for ocean exploration. With a focus on Dawn's historic dive, her personal journey, and the cutting-edge technology that made the expedition possible, this book highlights the crucial importance of mapping the ocean and its profound impact on our planet's future. From the fascinating history of the area and the incredible stories of its explorers to the diverse marine life that resides within, prepare to be inspired.Through a blend of history, fascinating facts, and beautiful images, Mapping the Deep offers a unique perspective on the challenges and triumphs of deep-sea exploration.As Chief Scientist of Esri(R), Dawn Wright aids in strengthening the scientific foundation for Esri software and services, while also representing Esri to the scientific community. A specialist in marine geology, with record-setting submersible dives in Alvin (to the East Pacific Rise), Pisces V, and the Limiting Factor (to Challenger Deep), she has also authored and contributed to some of the most definitive literature on marine GIS. Dawn is an elected member of both the US National Academy of Sciences and the US National Academy of Engineering, as well as a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, The Oceanography Society, and the Geological Society of America. She holds lifetime achievement awards from the American Association of Geographers, the Geological Society of America, and WINGS World Quest Women of Discovery. Dawn is a professor of geography and oceanography at Oregon State University, where she was named Oregon Professor of the Year in 2007. She has coauthored several books for Esri Press, including Ocean Solutions, Earth Solutions, and the GIS for Science series.

Reflections on the Peaceful Inland Ocean" ships its crowd to the captivating shores of the Caspian Ocean, winding around an embroidery of quiet scenes, social lavishness, and immortal quietness. This reminiscent excursion investigates the nuanced magnificence of the world's biggest inland waterway, welcoming examination and thoughtfulness. As the sun plunges underneath the skyline, projecting a warm shine across the Caspian's sweeping surface, the air becomes pervaded with a feeling of peacefulness. The narrative unfurls like a wonderful tribute to the ocean, catching the delicate lapping of waves against the rough shores and the ethereal dance of daylight on the water's field. Caspian Quietness uncovers the ocean's kaleidoscope of tints, from the red hot oranges of a sunset to the cool blues of twilight evenings, making a visual ensemble that entrances the faculties. Past its visual charm, the narrative dives into the social embroidery that lines the Caspian shores. Wealthy in history and variety, the district has been a junction for developments, each making a permanent imprint on the scene. The film investigates the practices of the seaside networks, their fables, and the ageless customs that have been gone down through ages. All through Caspian Serenity, the movie producers wonderfully catch the rhythmic movement of life along the Caspian coast, displaying the advantageous connection among nature and mankind. Fishing towns show some signs of life with the cadenced movement of day to day schedules, while old sanctuaries and strongholds quietly demonstrate the veracity of the progression of time. This true to life magnum opus commends the Caspian Ocean's stunning feel as well as fills in as a reflection on the significance of saving such regular miracles. Caspian Peacefulness coaxes watchers to stop, reflect, and value the immortal excellence of this inland ocean - a safe-haven of quietness that rises above the limits of reality.

The Ocean and Us provides an overview of our contemporary understanding of the ocean and all the ways our lives interact with it. It is intended for everyone with an interest in our blue planet. The book brings together the expertise of over 35 ocean specialists from around the world. It explores a wide variety of themes including the importance of a healthy ocean in the fight to halt and contain climate change. It covers issues such as overfishing and pollution, as well as emerging themes such as the blue economy, marine animal welfare and how we can leverage innovation to protect the ocean. The book provides an overview of some of the world¿s iconic threatened and at risk ocean ecosystems, and outlines current governance structures and ocean management tools. It also discusses the important social dimensions between people and the ocean, such as ocean and human wellbeing, communities and the ocean, and who gets to participate in the ocean space. The book aims to enhance ocean literacy by making specialist concepts accessible to non-experts, with a view to empowering concerned citizens everywhere to come into action for the ocean, and pave a better way forward for humanity.

A captivating exploration of how underwater animals tap into sound to survive, and a clarion call for humans to address the ways we invade these critical soundscapes - from an award-winning science writer.For centuries humans ignored sound in the 'silent world' of the ocean, assuming that what we couldn't perceive, didn't exist. But we couldn't have been more wrong. Marine scientists now have the technology to record and study the complex interplay of the myriad sounds in the sea. Finally, we can trace how sounds travel with the currents, bounce from the seafloor and surface, bend with temperature, and even saltiness; how sounds help marine life survive; and how human noise can transform entire marine ecosystems.In Sing Like Fish, award-winning science journalist Amorina Kingdon synthesises historical discoveries with the latest research in a clear and compelling portrait of this sonic undersea world. From plainfin midshipman fish, whose swim-bladder drumming is so loud it keeps houseboat-dwellers awake, to the syntax of whalesong, from the deafening crackle of snapping shrimp, to underwater earthquakes and volcanoes, sound plays a vital role in feeding, mating, parenting, navigating, and warning. Meanwhile, our seas also echo with human-made sound, and we are only just learning how these pervasive noises can mask mating calls, chase animals from their food, and even wound creatures.Intimate and artful, Sing Like Fish tells a uniquely complete story of ocean animals' submerged sounds, envisions a quieter future, and offers a profound new understanding of the world below the surface.

This book presents selected contributions of the 9th International Conference on Water Resource and Environment (WRE 2023) which is held in Matsue, Japan, November 21-24, 2023. The book discuses a wide range of topics, including Hydraulics, Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering, Environmental Engineering and Sustainability, Indoor Environments, Risk Analysis, Safety and Security, Ocean and Offshore Engineering; Ships and Floating Structures, Coastal Engineering. The chapters in this book are very useful to professionals and academicians for improving their work practice.

Beneath our feet lies a hidden world, teeming with life adapted to survive in the most extreme conditions imaginable. In the crushing darkness of subsurface oceans and the frozen grip of permafrost, microscopic organisms thrive in a realm beyond our everyday experience. This is the story of these extremophiles, the microbial pioneers of the deep Earth. Subsurface Oceans: A Cradle of Life in the Darkness Imagine a vast ocean, not of salty water under an open sky, but trapped within the Earth's crust. These subsurface oases, found kilometres beneath the surface, are remnants of ancient seawater or even primordial soup trapped during the planet's formation. Here, in perpetual darkness and under immense pressure, extremophiles adapted to a chemosynthetic existence. They harness the energy from chemical reactions of elements like hydrogen sulfide and methane, thriving in a world devoid of sunlight. Permafrost: Frozen in Time, Alive with Possibility The vast permafrost regions of the Arctic and Antarctic hold another secret realm: frozen pockets of liquid water and brines trapped within the icy grip. These microscopic oases, often mere drops or thin films, are home to a unique community of microorganisms adapted to survive in sub-zero temperatures. From bacteria that produce antifreeze proteins to archaea that thrive in high salt concentrations, permafrost microbes defy the limits of what we thought possible for life. A Window into the Origins of Life and BeyondStudying these extremophiles is not just about understanding life in the most challenging environments on Earth. It offers a glimpse into the potential for life beyond our planet. The conditions found in subsurface oceans and permafrost are similar to those suspected to exist on Mars, Europa, and other moons in our solar system. By understanding how extremophiles survive and thrive in these harsh environments, we gain valuable insights into the possibility of extraterrestrial life. The Hidden Realm: A story of resilience, adaptation, and the endless potential of life. As we delve deeper into these microbial frontiers, we rewrite our understanding of what it means to be alive and unlock the secrets of life's perseverance in the most unexpected corners of our planet and beyond.

"Step by step processes for surviving of the Thick: Bits of knowledge into Jellyfish Environment" is a charming investigation into the puzzling universe of jellyfish, unwinding the complexities of their natural elements and versatile instruments. This enlightening book, containing eight shrewd sections, digs profound into the step by step processes for surviving that make these thick animals tough occupants of our seas. The basic part sets the stage by characterizing the interesting qualities of jellyfish and stressing the basic significance of grasping their environment. The ensuing sections unfurl a complete story, starting with an investigation of the different characterization and dissemination of jellyfish species, offering perusers a striking scene of the huge and shifted submerged domain they possess. The book further explores through the taking care of and savage strategies utilized by jellyfish, revealing insight into their shrewd instruments, like stinging cells and arms, that empower them to explore their maritime climate with ruthless artfulness. A point by point assessment of their regenerative procedures and life cycle gives perusers significant bits of knowledge into the intriguing excursion from polyp to medusa, delineating the unpredictable interaction of ecological elements impacting their multiplication. Natural transformations, a vital part of jellyfish endurance, become the overwhelming focus in another section, addressing their resilience to temperature varieties, saltiness inclinations, and reactions to ecological stressors. The hypnotizing universe of bioluminescence and correspondence sticks to this same pattern, disentangling the meaning of light creation in jellyfish and its job in correspondence, hunter evasion, and mating ceremonies. Connections with different species and the effect of jellyfish on biological systems are investigated, featuring cooperative associations with fish, protection components against hunters, and their impact on marine pecking orders. The book then directs its concentration toward the human aspect, examining stinging episodes, monetary and environmental effects of jellyfish blossoms, and proposing alleviation and the executives techniques.

This book is the fourth volume of the ¿Marine Algal Flora of China-Rhodophyta.¿ The series has seven volumes covering about 20 orders, 45 families, 173 genera, and 560 species including over 150 species firstly described from China,  indicating significant importance to the knowledge of North-Western Pacific marine algal flora. The fourth volume covers coralline algae, including Sporolithales, Corallinales, and Hapalidiales.Almost all species involved are illustrated in detail on morphology, inner structure, habitats, and geographical distribution, based upon herbarium specimens collected along the China coast, and a lot of elaborate pictures are attached inside. This flora will gain our understanding of current Chinese marine red algae, but much research is still necessary to reflect the whole picture of the red algal diversity along the China coast.