Skovbrug og skovkultur: praksis og teknik

Denne bog sammenfatter mere end 20 års erfaring med nyere tids skovrejsning i Danmark og er uundværlig læsning for alle, der beskæftiger sig med, overvejer eller planlægger skovrejsning. Bogen viser, hvordan man rejser og udvikler nye skove, og giver også indblik i skovens historie, muligheder og flersidige formål. Bogen indeholder desuden et idékatalog, der skal give inspiration til anlæg af nye skove, og en tjekliste med de overvejelser, man bør gøre sig, når man anlægger en skov. Bogen er skrevet af eksperter i skovrejsning og -udvikling, Jørgen Nimb Lassen og Jørgen Bo Larsen. Siden Folketingets beslutningen i 1989 om at fordoble det danske skovareal har de to forfattere fulgt skovrejsningen i Danmark, og deres erfaringer viderebringes i denne ambitiøse, lærerige og rigt illustrerede bog. Bogen kan læses af alle med interesse i skovrejsning, træer, natur, skov og landskab og skal især medvirke til forbedret skovrejsning i Danmark. Se i øvrigt Landskabsværkstedets hjemmeside www.landskab.nu.

With extensive research, real-world examples, and hands-on applications, this go-to guide offers a comprehensive look at the principles and practices of biochar--and all of its world-changing uses. Like many human discoveries, biochar has likely been invented, lost, and reinvented multiple times. It can be found in the rich terra preta soils of the Amazon and in the ancient "dark earths" dotting Africa, Asia, and Europe. However, biochar isn't just an archeological curiosity. In The Biochar Handbook, author Kelpie Wilson argues that the simple process of burning organic material in a low-oxygen, low-emission environment could be one of the most powerful tools we have to restore degraded soils and reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. In accessible and authoritative prose, Wilson demonstrates that biochar is a low-tech but effective means of reducing wildfire risks, restoring soil carbon, managing manure, weaning farms off of toxic inputs, and producing the best compost ever made. In this book, you'll also find: A pocket history of biochar Step-by-step instructions on making biochar for yourself Applications for soil water retention, pest deterrence, compost enhancement, and more Inspiring examples of ecosystem restoration and improved forest management Low-cost recipes, including Cultured Biochar and Sustainable Potting Soil Wilson makes a compelling case that biochar is both simple to make and a potent solution to a host of knotty problems, both global and close to home. Whether you're a gardener, homesteader, rancher, commercial farmer, permaculturalist, or forest manager, this book will show you how to put biochar to work, making you and your community more resilient as a result.

MicroRNA Advances and Application in Plant Biology presents a broad range of tools and techniques used for microRNA identification and utilization for diversity analysis in plants, crop improvement, and gene regulation. With expert insights, this book addresses those concepts through curated chapters that are well-illustrated with informative data, tables, figures, and photographs. While biological microRNA database resources have been created for the better understanding of structural and functional properties of primary-microRNAs (pri-microRNAs) to mature microRNAs, there remains a need for foundation understanding of how microRNAs may play a very crucial role in a plant lifecycle as an regulatory and stress tolerance molecule. There are still many unanswered questions about the structural and functional properties of the microRNAs, like the role of microRNA in crop improvement, gene regulation, stress tolerance, disease resistance plant, plant communication, and environmental interaction.

Bio-based materials, including those containing wood, will become increasingly important as we move to a bio-based economy. Among their many attributes, it is vitally important that these materials are renewable, sustainable with proper management and environmentally benign.  Wood remains one of our most important bio-based materials. While it is an amazing material, wood still has negative attributes and drawbacks that can affect performance, including dimensional instability when wetted, vulnerability to fire and high temperatures, and susceptibility to biodeterioration. A variety of treatments have been developed to overcome these weaknesses. Among the most exciting of these treatments are nanomaterials. These materials have some exceptionally attractive properties for improving timber performance and have been the subject of intensive research over the past decade. There is a tremendous need for a single comprehensive source of information on this rapidly emerging subject with tremendous potential to enhance the performance of a variety of bio-based materials. This book contains 10 chapters, each compiled by different author(s) who are considered the top researcher(s) in their respective fields. The chapters begin with some basic background on nanomaterials and their synthesis, then explore different areas for potential applications and conclude with a review of the emerging questions about nanomaterial safety. The book is designed to provide the latest information and know-how on application and utilization of different nanomaterials to improve the properties of wood and wood-based composite panels. The contents cover some main topics in the industry including improving physical and mechanical properties, increasing resistance to biodegradation (including fungi and insects), developing wood-plastic composites (WPC), applying nanomaterials in paper and board industry, and emergence of transparent wood and radiation shielding. It also covers the use of nanomaterials to improve the performance of paints and finishes used for forest products. The book provides a single location for those interested in the field to begin.

This book offers a unique insight into the recent research completed on achieving sustainable management of tropical forests. Chapters review the factors which determine tropical forests, the process of forest landscape restoration, as well as the interactions between forest ecosystems and the climate system.

This book offers an overview of the most important research and developments in silvopastoral systems of the northern part of South America and Central America, including the most common silvopastoral arrangements in each country and their characteristics in terms of productivity, and environmental and socioeconomic aspects. Featuring a compilation of original research articles, country overviews and reviews of the contribution of silvopastoral systems to different topics, it summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding various aspects of silvopastoral systems in this region.

This book represents the latest research on urban forestry in a Malaysian context. It demonstrates that urban forestry is concerned not only with environmental enhancement, but also other aspects, such as recreation, health and well-being, and government policies. This edited collection provides a comprehensive overview of urban forestry studies from various researchers in Malaysia, and includes rich historical perspectives of urban forestry in the country. It also tackles related issues in policy. The greening of urban Malaysia in the 1970s focused primarily on beautification and was primarily the province of horticulturists, landscapers, nursery workers, town planners, and architects, with negligible inputs from foresters, particularly urban foresters. Perhaps for that reason, the term "e;landscaping"e; has been used more widely than "e;urban forestry"e; by government and private institutions, politicians, stakeholders, academicians, and the public. Nevertheless, the authors show that the concept of urban forestry is not new for developing countries such as Malaysia, where urbanization is increasing at a rapid rate. The book unpacks this demographic shift from a predominantly rural to a principally urban society. As the only unified body of work on urban forestry and arboricultural studies in Malaysia, this volume presents an important interdisciplinary reference for students, researchers, and scholars in physical geography, forestry and urban forestry, arboriculture and landscape architecture, both in Malaysia, and in other developing urbanizing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia. It is also an important resource for those working in environmental policy and practice, excavating the vital connection between the environment and well-being.

This book explains forest and woody biomass harvest, harvesting machines, systems, logistics, supply chain management, best management practices, harvest scheduling and carbon sequestration. It also covers applications of harvesting principles in forest and biomass management practices. The book provides an in-depth understanding of functions and applications of current and future harvesting technologies, the unique characteristics of harvesting machine with respect to cost, productivity, and environmental impacts. Special features include harvest machine illustrations and images of field operations, tabular presentations of filed studies of forest operations and detailed modelling processes for forest and biomass harvest logistics and supply chain management. Specifically, the book is designed for students, researchers, educators, and practitioners in the field of forest and biomass harvest and logistics. The book's contents have been tested in teaching as the Harvesting Forest Product class for undergraduates and graduates in the Division of Forestry and Natural Resources at West Virginia University since 2000. The information contained in this book is a robust reference resource for students who would be future forest and biomass managers, timber contractors, entrepreneurs, researchers, and educators in the fields of forest and biomass operations, engineering, and resource management.

Agriculture is often considered as one of the main threats to ecosystems. Unsustainable farming practices often result in habitat loss, inefficient use of water, soil degradation, pollution, genetic erosion, among other negative impacts on human life, including hunger, low food quality, reduced access to food resources, as well as the abandonment of rural areas. Nevertheless, when agriculture is practiced in a sustainable way, it can contribute to the preservation of many habitats, to the protection of watersheds, to the preservation and improvement of soil health.The use of sustainable and ecological practices is the key feature distinguishing traditional agriculture from intensive one. It may not provide very high yields, but ensures sustainable harvests over time, thanks to time-tested technologies and traditional know-hows and also represent examples of adaptation to harsh environmental conditions. Based on this approach, in 2002, FAO launched the concept of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Programme, to identify and safeguard agricultural systems that are ensuring food and livelihood security, while maintaining magnificent landscapes, agricultural biodiversity, traditional knowledge, cultural and social values.This book presents 18 examples of these traditional agriculture systems around the world, with a special focus on Europe, Asia, Africa, Central and South America, as a result of the ¿GIAHS Building Capacity¿ project co-funded by the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (AICS) and carried out by the Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI) of the University of Florence (Italy).

Skovene har i Danmark ligesom i mange andre dele af verden spillet en afgørende rolle i vores civilisations udviklingshistorie. Fremover får de en stadig mere central opgave som bidragydere til en bæredygtig samfundsudvikling for kommende generationer. Skovene er samtidig en af vores stærkeste allierede, når vi skal takle vores generationers to største globale udfordringer: Klima og natur.Denne bog undersøger derfor de to tæt sammenkoblede emner: 1) De danske skoves udvikling, betydning og potentiale generelt, samt 2) skovrejsning som den multifunktionelle ”Schweizerkniv”, som vi kan bruge til at skabe balancerede løsninger til gavn for både natur, klima, miljø, sundhed og behovet for bæredygtig grøn omstilling i alle dele af samfundet.Bogen er udgivet af Landskabsværkstedet, som er en tværfaglig forening med det formål at udvikle bæredygtige projekter inden for natur, skov og landskab. Den er skrevet af forstkandidat, chefkonsulent Jørgen Nimb Lassen, og forstkandidat, professor Jørgen Bo Larsen. Og kan læses af alle med interesse for naturbaserede løsninger, bæredygtig skovrejsning og helhedsorienteret landskabsudvikling.Se i øvrigt Landskabsværkstedets hjemmeside www.landskab.nu.

This report describes how lumber can be air-dried most effectively under outdoor conditions and illustrates the principles and procedures of air-drying lumber that were developed through field investigations and observations of industrial practices. Particular emphasis is placed on the yarding of lumber in unit packages. Included are topics such as why lumber is dried, advantages and limitations of the drying process, properties of wood in relation to drying, layout of the drying yard, piling methods, causes and remedies of air-drying defects, and protection of air-dried lumber.

Das Klimaangepasste Waldmanagement ist das erste unmittelbar vom Bund aufgelegte und administrierte forstliche Förderprogramm und hat damit forstpolitisch Neuland betreten. Es wirft daher auch zahlreiche forstpolitische, forstrechtliche und forstökonomische Fragen für Wissenschaft und Praxis auf.In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wir das Kriterium Habitatbaum des Programms Klimaangepasstes Waldmanagement anhand des Policy Coherence Frameworks untersucht. Dabei werden die mit dem Programm verfolgten Ziele in Beziehung zu ihrer Umsetzung und den möglichen Outputs gesetzt. Dazu werden zunächst mögliche rechtliche Auslegungen der Förderrichtlinie diskutiert. Dadurch soll ermittelt werden, was als Habitatbaum i.S.d. Förderprogramms gelten kann. Auf dieser Grundlage werden zwei Anwendungsszenarien modelliert und in einem thüringer Kommunalforstbetrieb konkret angewandt. Die so erzielten Ergebnisse werden analysiert und diskutiert. Die Untersuchung liefert damit erste Erkenntnisse über mögliche Umsetzungspfade des Programms Klimaangepasstes Waldmanagement für die weitere Diskussion in Wissenschaft und Praxis.

With one volume each year, this series keeps scientists and advanced students informed of the latest developments and results in all areas of the plant sciences. This latest volume includes reviews on plant physiology, biochemistry, genetics and genomics, forests, and ecosystems.

ALL IN ONE CERTIFIED ARBORIST STUDY GUIDE EXAM PREP FOR 2023, 2024 and 2025 Includes OVER 540 Practice Test Questions.Prepare to climb higher in your arboriculture career with "Mastering the Canopy," the essential study guide meticulously crafted for those aspiring to become ISA Certified Arborists. This comprehensive tome offers an in-depth journey through the multifaceted world of tree care, from root to leaf tip, covering all you need to excel in the ISA Certified Arborist exam and beyond.Inside, you'll delve into:Tree Biology: Understand the anatomical and physiological marvels of tree life.Soil Management: Master the complex relationship between soil types, nutrients, and tree health.Tree Identification and Selection: Get intimate with different tree species, their optimal growth conditions, and how to properly select and plant them.Diagnosis and Plant Disorders: Learn to identify and treat common diseases, insect issues, and environmental stresses affecting trees.Tree Risk Assessment: Master the art of gauging tree risk factors and how to mitigate them.Climbing and Working in Trees: Conquer techniques for safe and efficient climbing, including knots, hitches, and climbing systems.Tree Preservation Plans: Discover the role of arborists in construction projects, from pre-construction assessments to post-construction care.Cabling, Bracing, and Other Support Systems: Acquaint yourself with the nuanced techniques and considerations in providing mechanical support to trees.Designed by ISA Certified Arborist professionals, each chapter is teeming with in-depth explanations, real-world scenarios, and thought-provoking multiple-choice questions tailored to the ISA exam. This isn't merely a book; it's a ladder to your arborist dreams, each rung a lesson strengthening your grasp on the subject.It not only prepares you for the exam but also equips you with the practical wisdom to advance your career. The guide concludes with uplifting encouragement and strategic test-taking tips, ensuring you approach the exam with confidence and poise.

This Monograph explains the statistical theory behind the National Forest Inventory (NFI) data collection and compares different methods for modelling and inventory design. The author also explains how natural uncertainty in measurement and modelling can affects the results. Forests, as dynamic systems, are influenced by many unpredictable factors over time. Therefore, readers can use this book to develop the right framework of expectations, when using NFI data.The chapters give an outlook on traditional methods like sample plots, but also consider newer approaches like remote sensing. By merging these different techniqes, NFI datasets can become more reliable and facetted. One of the most contemporary developments in the field, is the use of continuous plots that offer live data at all times. Whether this data should be open to the public, is another discussion point that the author addresses.Offering a perspective from Estonia, readers will find practical examples for all discussed methods. This bridge from theory to practice, makes the volume a useful resource for scientists and decision makers in the forestry sector.