Matematik til informatikfag

It's hard to believe that it's been over a decade since One Jump Ahead: Challenging Human Supremacy at Checkers was published. I'm delighted to have the oppor- nity to update and expand the book. The ?rst edition ended on a sad note and that was re?ected in the writing. It is now eleven years later and the project has come to a satisfying conclusion. Since its inception, the checkers project has consumed eighteen years of my life- twenty if you count the pre-CHINOOK and post-solving work. It's hard for me to believe that I actually stuck with it for that long. My wife, Steph, would probably have something witty to say about my obsessive behavior. Rereading the book after a decade was dif?cult for me. When I originally wrote One Jump Ahead, I vowed to be candid in my telling of the story. That meant being honest about what went right and what went wrong. I have been criticized for being hard on some of the characters. That may be so, but I hope everyone will agree that the person receiving the most criticism was, justi?ably, me. I tried to be balanced in the storytelling, re?ecting things as they really happened and not as some sanitized everyone-lived-happily-ever-after tale.

This volume constitutes the strictly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption, FSE'97, held in Haifa, Israel, in January 1997.The 23 full papers presented were carefully selected from 44 submissions and revised for inclusion in the book. Also contained is a summary of a panel discussion. The papers are organized in sections on cryptanalysis, blockciphers, stream ciphers, message authentication codes, modes of operation, and fast software encryption. Particular emphasis is placed on applicability and implementation issues of fast cryptography.

Mathematical Problems from Applied Logic I presents chapters from selected, world renowned, logicians. Important topics of logic are discussed from the point of view of their further development in light of requirements arising from their successful application in areas such as Computer Science and AI language. An overview of the current state as well as open problems and perspectives are clarified in such fields as non-standard inferences in description logics, logic of provability, logical dynamics and computability theory. The book contains interesting contributions concerning the role of logic today, including some unexpected aspects of contemporary logic and the application of logic. This should be of interest to logicians and mathematicians in general.Contributors include: Franz Baader (Germany) and Ralf Küsters (Germany), Lev Beklemishev (The Netherlands/Russia) and Albert Visser (The Netherlands), Johan van Benthem (The Netherlands/USA), S Barry Cooper (UK), John N Crossley (Australia), Wilfrid A Hodges (UK), and Lawrence S Moss (USA).

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Sequences and Their Applications, SETA 2006. The book presents 32 revised full papers together with 4 invited lectures. The papers are organized in topical sections on linear complexity of sequences, correlation of sequences, stream ciphers and transforms, topics in complexities of sequences, multi-sequence synthesis, sequences and combinatorics, FCSR sequences, aperiodic correlation and applications, and boolean functions, and more.

This volume contains the refereed proceedings of the 3rd International Conf- ence on Sequences and Their Applications (SETA 2004), held in Seoul, Korea during October 24-28, 2004. The previous two conferences, SETA 1998 and SETA 2001, were held in Singapore and Bergen, Norway, respectively. These conferences are motivated by the many widespread applications of sequences in modern communication systems. These applications include pseudorandom sequences in spread spectrum systems, code-division multiple-access, stream ciphers in cryptography and several connections to coding theory. The Technical Program Committee of SETA 2004 received 59 submitted - pers, many more than the submissions to previous SETA conferences. The C- mittee therefore had the di?cult task of selecting the 33 papers to be presented at the Conference in addition to four invited papers. The authors of papers p- sented at the conference were invited to submit full papers that were refereed before appearing in this proceedings. These proceedings have been edited by the Co-chairs of the Technical P- gram Committee for SETA 2004: Tor Helleseth of the University of Bergen, Norway, and Dilip Sarwate of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA, and Technical Program Committee members Hong-Yeop Song of Yonsei University, Korea, and Kyeongcheol Yang of Pohang University of Science and Technology, Korea.

The Cryptographers' Track (CT-RSA) is a research conference within the RSA conference, the largest, regularly staged computer security event. CT-RSA 2004 was the fourth year of the Cryptographers' Track, and it is now an established venue for presenting practical research results related to cryptography and data security. The conference received 77 submissions, and the program committee sel- ted 28 of these for presentation. The program committee worked very hard to evaluate the papers with respect to quality, originality, and relevance to cryp- graphy. Each paper was reviewed by at least three program committee members. Extended abstracts of the revised versions of these papers are in these proc- dings. The program also included two invited lectures by Dan Boneh and Silvio Micali. I am extremely grateful to the program committee members for their en- mous investment of time and e?ort in the di?cult and delicate process of review and selection. Many of them attended the program committee meeting during the Crypto 2003 conference at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

The aim of contextual logic is to provide a formal theory of elementary logic, which is based on the doctrines of concepts, judgements, and conclusions. Concepts are mathematized using Formal Concept Analysis (FCA), while an approach to the formalization of judgements and conclusions is conceptual graphs, based on Peirce's existential graphs. Combining FCA and a mathematization of conceptual graphs yields so-called concept graphs, which offer a formal and diagrammatic theory of elementary logic. Expressing negation in contextual logic is a difficult task. Based on the author's dissertation, this book shows how negation on the level of judgements can be implemented. To do so, cuts (syntactical devices used to express negation) are added to concept graphs. As we can express relations between objects, conjunction and negation in judgements, and existential quantification, the author demonstrates that concept graphs with cuts have the expressive power of first-order predicate logic. While doing so, the author distinguishes between syntax and semantics, and provides a sound and complete calculus for concept graphs with cuts. The author's treatment is mathematically thorough and consistent, and the book gives the necessary background on existential and conceptual graphs.

Created to teach students many of the most important techniques used for constructing combinatorial designs, this is an ideal textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in combinatorial design theory. The text features clear explanations of basic designs, such as Steiner and Kirkman triple systems, mutual orthogonal Latin squares, finite projective and affine planes, and Steiner quadruple systems. In these settings, the student will master various construction techniques, both classic and modern, and will be well-prepared to construct a vast array of combinatorial designs. Design theory offers a progressive approach to the subject, with carefully ordered results. It begins with simple constructions that gradually increase in complexity. Each design has a construction that contains new ideas or that reinforces and builds upon similar ideas previously introduced. A new text/reference covering all apsects of modern combinatorial design theory. Graduates and professionals in computer science, applied mathematics, combinatorics, and applied statistics will find the book an essential resource.

Lattices are geometric objects that can be pictorially described as the set of intersection points of an infinite, regular n-dimensional grid. De- spite their apparent simplicity, lattices hide a rich combinatorial struc- ture, which has attracted the attention of great mathematicians over the last two centuries. Not surprisingly, lattices have found numerous ap- plications in mathematics and computer science, ranging from number theory and Diophantine approximation, to combinatorial optimization and cryptography. The study of lattices, specifically from a computational point of view, was marked by two major breakthroughs: the development of the LLL lattice reduction algorithm by Lenstra, Lenstra and Lovasz in the early 80's, and Ajtai's discovery of a connection between the worst-case and average-case hardness of certain lattice problems in the late 90's. The LLL algorithm, despite the relatively poor quality of the solution it gives in the worst case, allowed to devise polynomial time solutions to many classical problems in computer science. These include, solving integer programs in a fixed number of variables, factoring polynomials over the rationals, breaking knapsack based cryptosystems, and finding solutions to many other Diophantine and cryptanalysis problems.

By presenting state-of-the-art aspects of theoretical computer science and practical applications in various fields, this book commemorates the 60th birthday of Thomas Ottmann. The 26 research papers presented span the whole range of Thomas Ottmann's scientific career, from formal languages to algorithms and data structures, from topics in practical computer science like software engineering or database systems to applications of Web technology, groupware, and e-learning.