Sten, mineraler og fossiler: for alment interesserede læsere

"An essential introduction to the paleobiology of animal body size, locomotion, and feeding.Paleobiology is the branch of evolutionary biology involved in the reconstruction of the life histories of extinct organisms. It answers the questions, How do we use fossils to reconstruct the size of prehistoric animals, and How did they move and feed? Drawing on a rich inventory of South American Miocene fossils, Vertebrate Paleobiology: A Form and Function Approach examines different aspects of functional morphology and how they are tested by paleontologists, anatomists, and zoologists. Beginning with a review of various methodologies to interpret fossils, the authors turn to the main concepts important to functional morphology and give examples of each. They conclude by showing how functional morphology enables a dynamic, broadscale reconstruction of the life of prehistoric animals during the South American Miocene.Originally published in Spanish, Vertebrate Paleobiology: A Form and Function Approach provides a broad sweep of recent developments, including theoretical and practical techniques, applied to the study of extinct vertebrates"--

This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!

This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.

Gemstones refer to pieces of mineral crystals that have been cut and polished, and are used for creating jewelry and other adornments. They come in a wide variety of colors and shades. Mineralogy refers to the study of the chemistry, crystal structure and physical properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts such as gemstones. Geochemistry refers to the study of the chemical composition of the Earth and its rocks and minerals. As gemstones are formed and found beneath the Earth's surface and may contain traces of minerals, they are studied under the subjects of mineralogy and geochemistry. They can be categorized as crystalline or amorphous. Minerals with a definite and regular internal atomic structure are called crystalline gemstones. Amorphous gemstones have no naturally occurring form and no organized internal atomic structure. This book includes some of the vital pieces of works being conducted across the world, on various topics related to the mineralogy and geochemistry of gemstones. With its detailed analyses and data, it will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area of study at various levels.

Minerals are nonrenewable natural resources that are essential in the energy, manufacturing and construction industry. Mineralogy refers to a discipline of science that examines all facets of minerals, including their occurrence and distribution in nature, physical characteristics, internal crystal structure and chemical composition, as well as the physicochemical conditions that led to their origin. Mineralogy has significant role in mineral extraction and advancements in this field have resulted in industrialization of minerals. Applied mineralogy is a research field which focuses on the manufacturing of materials, and the prospection, extraction and refinery of ores. It also studies the impact of minerals on human health and the environment. This book unravels the recent studies in the field of applied mineralogy. It explores all the important applications of this field in the present day scenario. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.

A gemstone refers to a cut and polished piece of mineral crystal that can be utilized to create jewelry or other adornments. Gemstones are created underneath the surface of the Earth and may contain traces of other minerals known as inclusions. The majority of gemstones are found in alluvial gravels and igneous rocks but metamorphic and sedimentary rocks can also contain gem materials. Gemstones are classified into different species and groups on the basis of chemical composition and crystal structure. The most significant gemstone species include corundum, quartz, beryl, tourmaline and garnet. The majority of gemstones are hard but some soft minerals are also utilized in jewelry due to their luster or other physical qualities which hold aesthetic value. This book unravels the recent studies on the geology and mineralogy of gemstones. With its detailed analyses and data, it will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in the study of gemstones at various levels.

The rare earth elements are a group of nearly indistinguishable and lustrous silvery-white soft heavy metals. They react slowly with cold water to form hydroxides and ignite at high temperatures. These elements are used in the production of highly efficient magnets, glasses, alloys and electronics. They are also used in the manufacture of fuel cells, mobile phones, computers, optical fiber cables, hybrid cells, and LEDs. In the agricultural sector, rare earth elements are used to increase the growth of the plants, increase crop yield, and improve stress resistance in plants. Some of the rare earth elements are scandium, yttrium, cerium, promethium, europium, dysprosium and ytterbium. This book provides significant information to help develop a good understanding of the rare earth elements. A number of latest researches have been included to keep the readers up-to-date with the global concepts in this area of study. The book aims to serve as a resource guide for students and experts alike and contribute to the growth of research on these elements.