Bøger af Alan Castle

Guidebook to walking the John Muir Trail through California's High Sierra from Yosemite (El Capitan and Half Dome) to the summit of Mount Witney. The 216 mile hike is split into 21 daily stages, with full information on preparation, permits, wilderness, bears, water and trekking skills. Part of the Pacific Crest Trail.

Americanism is the name of American nationalism. If one asks what the Americanism is, who the American is, It can be explained as "those who feel themselves Americans, can sacrifice themselves for the United States, Americanism and American unity, do beneficial things for the America, Americanism and America unity and endeavour for this purpose, who can shout with his whole existence "how happy am I to say I am an American" wherever they live, be it in America or Antarctica".

This study examines the question of whether economic growth tends to reduce poverty, where poverty is measured by the incomes of the poorest 20% and 40% of a population. Using the most recent data available, the paper shows that an increase in the rate of GDP growth translates into a direct one-for-one increase in the rate of growth of average incomes of the poorest 40%. There is little evidence to support the contention that economic growth and outward-oriented policies will hurt the poor. Countries with higher rates of economic growth over the last 30 years have achieved greater reductions in poverty.

The Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), or the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS or DAISH/DAESH in Arabic), is a militant group that has called itself the Islamic State. A terrorist group, as designated by Security Council under Resolution 2170, it has become synonymous with extreme violence directed against civilians and captured fighters. The Islamic State, known as ISIS, exploded into the public eye in 2014 with startling speed and shocking brutality. It has captured the imagination of the global jihadist movement, attracting recruits in unprecedented numbers and wreaking bloody destruction with a sadistic glee that has alienated even the hardcore terrorists of its parent organization, al Qaeda. Now let's make two things clear: ISIL is not "Islamic." No religion condones the killing of innocents. And the vast majority of ISIL's victims have been Muslim. And ISIL is certainly not a state. It was formerly al Qaeda's affiliate in Iraq, and has taken advantage of sectarian strife and Syria's civil war to gain territory on both sides of the Iraq-Syrian border. You can't understand ISIS if you don't know the history of Wahhabism in Saudi Arabia....For their guiding principles, the leaders of the Islamic State...are open and clear about their almost exclusive commitment to the Wahhabi movement of Sunni Islam. The group circulates images of Wahhabi religious textbooks from Saudi Arabia in the schools it controls.

The current financial crisis is the worst the world has seen since the Great Depression of the 1930s. For younger generations, accustomed to mild recessions of the new phase of globalization, the misery of the Great Depression is hitherto nothing more than a distant legend In the new, globalized world of closely interdependent economies, the crisis affected almost every part of the world, receiving extensive coverage in the international media. Since the summer of 2008 the world has experienced the greatest destruction of wealth - paper losses measured in the trillions of dollars - in its history. No industry in the world has been left untouched. The timing of the rescue is uncertain, and the certainty of its efficacy remains in question. To put the matter in historical perspective, there is still no consensus on whether government spending policies of Franklin D. Roosevelt or increased demand for goods created by Second World War pulled the United States out of the Great Depression. This book also has explored the nature of financial diffusion across the main advanced and emerging country regions taking United States as the most natural origin of the 2007-2009 global financial crisis. Examining the sources of financial crisis has emerged as a crucial research focus in the aftermath of the famous financial crises. Many important theoretical researches underscore the importance of strong trade linkages and macroeconomic similarities as the main sources spreading the crisis from one country to the entire region (and other regions). There is a consensus today that the global economy is set to weaken further. Already, growth is slowing in both advanced and emerging economies. Looking forward, a key issue is whether the slowdown will be shallow and will be followed by a gradual recovery, or whether the downturn will be deep and protracted. This overall state of affairs in the global economy reflects the confluence of three major shocks: high commodity prices, the housing downturn affecting the United States and several other advanced economies, and the financial crisis. The interplay of these shocks has made policymaking much more difficult.

The current financial crisis is the worst the world has seen since the Great Depression of the 1930s. For younger generations, accustomed to mild recessions of the new phase of globalization, the misery of the Great Depression is hitherto nothing more than a distant legend In the new, globalized world of closely interdependent economies, the crisis affected almost every part of the world, receiving extensive coverage in the international media. Since the summer of 2008 the world has experienced the greatest destruction of wealth - paper losses measured in the trillions of dollars - in its history. No industry in the world has been left untouched. The timing of the rescue is uncertain, and the certainty of its efficacy remains in question. To put the matter in historical perspective, there is still no consensus on whether government spending policies of Franklin D. Roosevelt or increased demand for goods created by Second World War pulled the United States out of the Great Depression. This book also has explored the nature of financial diffusion across the main advanced and emerging country regions taking United States as the most natural origin of the 2007-2009 global financial crisis. Examining the sources of financial crisis has emerged as a crucial research focus in the aftermath of the famous financial crises. Many important theoretical researches underscore the importance of strong trade linkages and macroeconomic similarities as the main sources spreading the crisis from one country to the entire region (and other regions). There is a consensus today that the global economy is set to weaken further. Already, growth is slowing in both advanced and emerging economies. Looking forward, a key issue is whether the slowdown will be shallow and will be followed by a gradual recovery, or whether the downturn will be deep and protracted. This overall state of affairs in the global economy reflects the confluence of three major shocks: high commodity prices, the housing downturn affecting the United States and several other advanced economies, and the financial crisis. The interplay of these shocks has made policymaking much more difficult.

****The Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), or the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS or DAISH/DAESH in Arabic), is a militant group that has called itself the Islamic State. ****A terrorist group, as designated by Security Council under Resolution 2170, it has become synonymous with extreme violence directed against civilians and captured fighters. ****The Islamic State, known as ISIS, exploded into the public eye in 2014 with startling speed and shocking brutality. It has captured the imagination of the global jihadist movement, attracting recruits in unprecedented numbers and wreaking bloody destruction with a sadistic glee that has alienated even the hardcore terrorists of its parent organization, al Qaeda. *****Now let's make two things clear: ISIL is not "Islamic." No religion condones the killing of innocents. And the vast majority of ISIL's victims have been Muslim. And ISIL is certainly not a state. It was formerly al Qaeda's affiliate in Iraq, and has taken advantage of sectarian strife and Syria's civil war to gain territory on both sides of the Iraq-Syrian border. ****You can't understand ISIS if you don't know the history of Wahhabism in Saudi Arabia....For their guiding principles, the leaders of the Islamic State...are open and clear about their almost exclusive commitment to the Wahhabi movement of Sunni Islam. The group circulates images of Wahhabi religious textbooks from Saudi Arabia in the schools it controls.

The GATT/WTO system has been founded on the fundamental principle of non-discrimation. However, the system has also allowed exceptional cases to this principle through several arrangements. The leading examples of these cases are Regional Integration Agreements (RIAs). The concept of regionalization, is associated with the development of the institutional conditions for the shift of goods and production between countries. In the center of the regionalization process there is a function of integration groups, which currently are of great importance in the world economy. The number, size, and degree of relationships between countries which participate in integration agreements make it an important phenomenon and unique feature of the current phase of globalization There are also many different attitudes on the relationship between globalization and regionalism (integration). Some join them, other contradict. Firstly, regionalism and globalization mutually support themselves in the sense that regionalism is often the stage of globalization. Regionalization may indeed by stimulating the local markets and by creating a competitive environment in the region enhance microeconomic forces necessary for responding to the needs of globalization. However, there are important integration features for the defense against globalization as a process of differentiating and marginalizing some societies. In the case of integration we can count on a better protection against volatility of financial markets and againt monetary crisis

A generally accepted definition of economic globalization is the increasing integration of national economies into expanding international markets. This expansion of markets will mean that the free movement of goods, services, labour and capital, will result in a single global market in inputs and outputs; so that, economically speaking, there are no foreigners. Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-beingin societies around the world. Global governance, which is characterized by unclear and informal rules, multiple and overlapping authorities and jurisdictions, and the rise of powerful non-state actors, poses serious legitimacy challenges: the amplification of power inequalities among actors, the obfuscation of decision-making processes and outcomes, and the disruption of democratic underpins of national societies. Increased international interdependence and interconnect edness has led to the building of a global governance structure, with the establishment of various institutions, diverse regulatory processes, and mechanisms through which a growing number of actors can participate, influence, and make claims.

The Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), or the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS or DAISH/DAESH in Arabic), is a militant group that has called itself the Islamic State. A terrorist group, as designated by Security Council under Resolution 2170, it has become synonymous with extreme violence directed against civilians and captured fighters. The Islamic State, known as ISIS, exploded into the public eye in 2014 with startling speed and shocking brutality. It has captured the imagination of the global jihadist movement, attracting recruits in unprecedented numbers and wreaking bloody destruction with a sadistic glee that has alienated even the hardcore terrorists of its parent organization, al Qaeda. Now let's make two things clear: ISIL is not "Islamic." No religion condones the killing of innocents. And the vast majority of ISIL's victims have been Muslim. And ISIL is certainly not a state. It was formerly al Qaeda's affiliate in Iraq, and has taken advantage of sectarian strife and Syria's civil war to gain territory on both sides of the Iraq-Syrian border. You can't understand ISIS if you don't know the history of Wahhabism in Saudi Arabia....For their guiding principles, the leaders of the Islamic State...are open and clear about their almost exclusive commitment to the Wahhabi movement of Sunni Islam. The group circulates images of Wahhabi religious textbooks from Saudi Arabia in the schools it controls.

Guidebook to the Southern Upland Way, a coast to coast walk through Galloway and the Scottish Borders. One of Scotland's Great Trails, the 347km (215 mile) route links Portpatrick on the west coast to Cockburnspath on the east, through diverse landscapes and rich natural and historical interest. It can be completed in around a fortnight.

A guide to mountainbiking, cycling or walking the GTMC, Grande Traversee du Massif Central, in southern France, from Clermont-Ferrand in the Auvergne to Montpellier and Sete on the Mediterranean. The GTMC is a long-distance mountain biking trail that crosses the entire Massif Central in France visiting all of the major regions, including the Auvergne with its chain of volcanic puys in the Monts-Dome and Monts-Dore ranges, the Cezallier plateau and the remote Margeride, home of the French Resistance in the Second World War, the high forested hills of the Cevennes National Park, made famous by the Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson, and finally the dry limestone hills bordering the coastal Mediterranean plain. Much of the route is off-road and uses many Grandes Randonnees, so it also makes an excellent walking route. Just over 700km in length it offers a challenge and a thorough exploration of one of southern France's most beautiful and historically interesting regions. The route is described in 17 stages, with maps for off-road and on-road routes, making it suitable for both expert and novice bikers, with full details of facilities and places of interest en route and other useful data for planning the trip.