Bøger af Anika Grudziak

Seminar paper from the year 2023 in the subject Business economics - Miscellaneous, grade: 1, Kozminski University, language: English, abstract: The widely understood institutionalism is an interdisciplinary research area, of which institutions are the central issue. Approaches used in this area are divided into "old" and "new", also the division into classic and contemporary approaches is used. In practice, there are at least several research trends in various disciplines of social sciences, which is referred to as "new institutionalism." They differ in paradigmatic basis, main research problems or applied methods. The common ground is the belief in the key role of institutions in shaping social, economic and political life. In total, these trends constitute a renaissance of interest in this subject. The new institutionalism, as a fully-fledged (institutionalized) perspective, created a new paradigm (especially in the field of economics), which was formed for good in the 1980s. Institutional theory defines "institutions" as social phenomena which, due to the interaction of civic or public involvement, entrepreneurship, social norms and traditions, become common foundations of social life. These systems arise from subjective human interaction but at the same time, they are perceived by the participants as objective and stable. In addition, institutions are the basic elements of social contexts in which formal organizations are embedded.Institutionalism means a general approach to the study of political institutions, a set of theoretical ideas and hypotheses regarding the relationship between institutional traits and the political agenda, achievements and changes. Institutionalism emphasizes the endogenous character and social construction of political institutions.

Seminar paper from the year 2023 in the subject Communications - Intercultural Communication, grade: 2, Kozminski University, language: English, abstract: This thesis provides an analysis of the use of metaphorical expressions concerning war in political discourse from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. It is divided into three chapters. The aim of the first chapter is to present the theoretical framework for the practical part of the thesis. It begins with pivotal theories and concepts behind metaphors and their importance for not only the language but also the world around. In this section, first, a definition of metaphor and some key concepts concerning metaphor such as conceptual metaphor, structural metaphor, conventional metaphor and the scope of metaphor will be illustrated one by one in detail. Among numerous definitions of the phenomenon suggested by scholars, only those capturing peculiar traits of metaphor will be presented. Secondly, metaphor will be characterized as a basic and crucial mean of communication, for both laypersons and professionals. Chapter two is devoted to the presentation of researches on metaphor in political discourse. As first, the theories on metaphor and its function in political discourse will be described. Although recognized and acknowledged, the omnipresence of metaphor in political discourse raises a question of its function. The following chapter is an individualistic attempt to answer the following question: is metaphor construed as an ornamental figure of speech or symbolic trope, or does it influence the way political issues are comprehended and evaluated? Political discourse is driven by underlying conceptual metaphors deeply rooted in the ideology and cultural environment of the speaker. The more distant the object, the more important the vehicle of comprehension metaphor is. Chapter three analyzes metaphorical expressions of war in political discourse using cognitive linguistics. It studies data from Polish and English politicians' public addresses, revealing mappings between WAR and politics. This metaphor is deeply ingrained in citizens' minds, readily applied due to its association with conflicts among groups in politics.

Seminar paper from the year 2023 in the subject Communications - Intercultural Communication, grade: 1, Kozminski University, language: English, abstract: This paper describes the phenomenon of Internet culture in a context of the young Internet users. This subject gains in importance especially nowadays because the global world forces the usage of more and more modern technological devices. They offer numerous options and possibilities but also they can bring risky behaviors of the young people.That is why it is important to analyze this aspect through the proper construction of this paper. It consists three domains, each of which refers to different aspects which are important for the Internet culture.

Intermediate Examination Paper from the year 2023 in the subject Law - Comparative Legal Systems, Comparative Law, grade: 1, Kozminski University, language: English, abstract: This paper is going to demonstrate the differences between Polish and American judicial hearings. It points out that the most visible differences, such as: codification of continental law visible primarily in the practice of law by lawyers and the differences on the basis of procedural law.In the first chapter, there is described Polish and the American legal system. Each set of legal systems was formed in the different conditions under the influence of different factors. It was a natural process. Each of the systems is optimal for the social, economic and historical environment in which it operates. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of both models (the common law, civil law) are pointed out. The second chapter describes the case-law of Polish and the US courts. This section describes in detail the case of an American O. J. Simpson, accused of a double murder. In the third chapter, there is indicated a judicial practice in Polish and American judicial system. Example of American jurisprudence is shown by the case ¿Roe versus Wade". This chapter also includes the differences in the terminology used in legal language and cultural differences in the field of customs and legal communication styles.

Swiss Diploma Thesis from the year 2021 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Grammar, Style, Working Technique, grade: 1, Nauczycielskie Kolegium J¿zyków Obcych at Chrzanowie, language: English, abstract: This diploma paper aims at examining the usefulness of games into classroom and their impact on students¿ motivation and behaviour. The first chapter presents an overall description of vocabulary and to its function in EFL classroom. Additionally, it explains what aspects learners should know in order to possess complete knowledge of an item. The treatment of the process of remembering and presenting vocabulary items is also presented.The second chapter gives an overview of teenagers, their developmental changes and the influence they have on a teaching and learning process. Moreover, this part of the diploma paper discusses difficulties when teaching teenagers and the strong impact that technology has on students.The third chapter discusses the educational value of games in a foreign language teaching. It also presents game¿s definition and the criteria of selecting games. Additionally, the chapter discusses the drawbacks of using games in EFL classroom.The last chapter is the practical part of this project and it describes the action research carried out in a junior high school in Wrze¿nia. This chapter presents lesson plans and description of the proceedings of the lessons. The study intended to find out whether games are a useful tool for vocabulary revision and how they influence students motivation and behaviour.