Bøger af Anubha Bajaj

Keratoacanthoma was initially scripted by Hutchison in 1889 and is cogitated as a squamo- proliferative lesion of obscure aetiology which predominantly occurs on sun- exposed skin and infrequently on the mucocutaneous junction. Keratoacanthoma denotes a nomenclature of a self healing carcinoma, molluscum sebaceum, molluscum pseudocarcinomatosum, self healing primary squamous cellcarcinoma, tumour like keratosis and idiopathic cutaneous pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. It is morphologically challenging to differentiate the centroidal segment of keratocanthoma from a squamous cell carcinoma.Keratacanthoma is designated as a benign skin tumefaction of minimal grade with a potential for expeditious evolution. Lesions are dome shaped with a centralized keratinous plug and range betwixt one centimetre to two centimetre in magnitude.Keratoacanthoma was contemplated as a malignant skin condition prior to 1917. Lesions were denominated as a verruca or vegetative cyst amidst 1920's whereas betwixt 1936 to 1950 lesions were referred to as molluscum sebaceum.

Acrochordon is a common, benign cutaneous neoplasm frequently associated with comorbid conditions such as obesity, diabetes, aberrant serum lipids and components of metabolic syndrome. Acrochordon is additionally nomenclated as skin tag, soft fibroma, cutaneous papilloma, cutaneous tag, fibroma pendulum, fibroma molluscum, fibroepithelial polyp or papilloma. As a benign, cutaneous lesion commonly enunciated in adults, acrochordon typically demonstrates miniature polyps usually confined to axilla, groin, face, neck, intertriginous region and eyelids. Multiple lesions of acrochordon can be exemplified in accompaniment with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome. Acrochordons situated upon undesirable sites or cosmetically unacceptable lesions can be managed with adequate surgical extermination.

Adenoma represents as a benign neoplasm of glandular origin engendered from glandular epithelial tissue as the adrenal gland, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, prostate, gastrointestinal tract or diverse glandular articulations. Gastrointestinal tract adenoma may expand into gastrointestinal lumen, designated as adenomatous polyp or polypoid adenoma. Gastric adenoma emerges as an exophytic, polypoid or dysplastic epithelial lesion with outpouchings into gastrointestinal lumen, commonly arises within foci of mucosal injury and manifests as a direct precursor lesion of gastric adenocarcinoma. Colonic adenomas may be preponderantly managed with endoscopic tissue sampling or endoscopic mucosal resection. Total colectomy is mandated in instances with malignant metamorphosis or regional lymph node metastasis.

Cellular cogitation and microscopic deliberation for identification of pathosis and infirmity is designated as Cytology. Cytopathology is one of the three foremost applications of clinical evaluation alongside physical examination and representative medical imaging.The agendum for Thin Prep or Liquid Based Cytology (LBC) is at a variance . LBC is an approach to formation of a thin cellular layer or a monolayer of microscopic cytology slide.Thin Prep substructure vis ¿ a vis accustomed/conventional processing in the non-gynaecology sub speciality, with the remaining vial cells being utilized for DNA analysis , immunocytochemistry and ancillaries.

Sentinel lymph node is denominated as the initial focus of tumour metastasis via lymphatic effluvium from a primary tumour. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is considered as a gold standard in staging metastatic lymph nodes in breast carcinoma and melanoma. Sentinel lymph node biopsy has effectively displaced the invasive intervention of comprehensive axillary lymph node dissection ( ALND) in the management of infiltrating breast carcinoma. A dual tracer technique, a percutaneous demarcation of the biopsied node or utilization of blue dye can be cogently applied. Recommendations and guidelines for appropriately assessing the sentinel node are well delineated.