Bøger af National Academy of Sciences

Focusing on performance improvement, this book considers the history, role, and effectiveness of the Quality Improvement Organization (Q) program and its potential to promote quality improvement within a changing health care delivery environment that includes standardized performance measures and reporting requirements.

The Impact of Globalization on Infectious Disease Emergence and Control: Exploring the Consequences and Opportunities

Contains the proceedings of a workshop held in June 2005 to investigate methods used to evaluate funding of the biomedical scientists by philanthropic and public funders.

Workshop on Disability in America: A New Look - Summary and Background Papers (2006)

Developing a National Registry of Pharmacologic and Biologic Clinical Trials: Workshop Report (2006)

Provides useful recommendations for how to measure health-related quality-of-life impacts for diverse public health, safety, and environmental regulations. This work is useful for public decision makers, regulatory analysts, scholars, and students in the field.

Recommends 13 actions that policy-makers, courts, universities, and health and patent officials should take to prevent the complex web of IP protections from getting in the way of potential breakthroughs in genomic and proteomic research. This report urges patent holders to allow others to perform the tests for purposes of verifying the results.

Identifies different approaches to the development of antimicrobial drugs and vaccines based on a greater understanding of how the human immune system interacts with both good and bad microbes. This report concludes that the development of a single superdrug to fight all infectious agents is unrealistic.

Presents details of the story of a population that varies in many dimensions, including national origin, immigration status, and generation. This book describes the contours of this population, from the perspectives of history, demography, geography, education, family, employment, economic well-being, health, and political engagement.

Burning coal in electric utility plants produces, in addition to power, residues that contain constituents which may be harmful to the environment. This report discusses a variety of steps that are involved in planning and managing the use of CCRs as minefills, including an integrated process of CCR characterization and site characterization.

The National Research Council conducted an independent study to weigh the collective evidence for fishery-induced changes to marine ecosystems and the implications of the findings for US fisheries management. This book provides comprehensive information in regard to these findings.

Examines the characteristics of health care for mental and substance-use conditions, including payment, benefit coverage, and regulatory issues, as well as health care organization and delivery issues.

The US economy relies on the productivity, entrepreneurship, and creativity of its people. This book explains that eliminating gender bias in academia requires immediate overarching reform, including decisive action by university administrators, professional societies, federal funding agencies and foundations, government agencies, and Congress.

The number of women studying science and engineering (S&E) has increased, but women do not hold academic faculty positions in numbers that commensurate with their share of the S&E talent pool. Experts in a number of disciplines met to address these issues. This book includes an introduction and summaries of panel discussions on this topic.

Summary of a Workshop on Using Information Technology to Enhance Disaster Management (2005)

Supporting Local Health Care in a Chronic Crisis: Management and Financing Approaches in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (2006)

Presents an assessment of the requirements facing the US Bureau of Reclamation of the Department of Interior in the 21st century, an analysis of good practices and techniques for addressing those challenges, and a review of workforce and human resource needs.

Biomedical advances have made it possible to manipulate features of living organisms in useful ways. This book examines the trends and objectives of research in public health, life sciences, and biomedical science that contain applications relevant to developments in biological weapons and ways to anticipate, identify, and mitigate these dangers.

Election officials look to electronic voting systems as a means for improving their ability to more effectively conduct and administer elections. This work describes the important questions and issues that election officials, policy makers, and citizens should ask about the use of computers and information technology in the electoral process.

Geological and Geotechnical Engineering in the New Millennium: Opportunities for Research and Technological Innovation (2006)

Improving Data to Analyze Food and Nutrition Policies (2005)

Aimed at improving health care quality, this book offers a comprehensive review of available measures and introduces a framework to examine these measures against the six aims of the health care system: health care should be safe, effective, patient-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable.

Quarantine Stations at Ports of Entry Protecting the Public's Health (2005)

Starting in the mid 1990s, the US economy experienced an unprecedented upsurge in economic productivity. This workshop convened academic experts and industry representatives from leading companies such as Google and General Motors to participate in a high-level discussion of the role of software and its importance to US productivity growth.

Presents findings on the presence of hazardous noise in military settings, levels of noise exposure necessary to cause hearing loss or tinnitus, risk factors for noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus, the timing of the effects of noise exposure on hearing, and the adequacy of military hearing conservation programs and audiometric testing.