Bøger af Santosh Kumar Singh

Jeder träumt von einem Haus, in dem alle Geräte und Anlagen automatisch funktionieren. Dies ist ein kleiner Schritt auf dem Weg zu einem vollständigen Automatisierungssystem für unser Zuhause. Es gibt eine Funktion zum automatischen Ein- und Ausschalten des Lichts, die auch davon abhängt, ob eine Person im Raum anwesend ist. Ferngesteuerter AC-Ventilator mit einem automatischen Deaktivierungssystem. Die Ventilatorgeschwindigkeit wird je nach Bedarf geändert. Sicherheit ist das Hauptanliegen für jeden. Jeder möchte sicher in seinem Haus leben, um es vor verschiedenen Vorfällen wie Diebstahl zu schützen. Heutzutage hören wir oft Nachrichten über Einbrüche oder Diebstähle in Häusern, Bungalows und Wohnungen. Wir alle wissen, dass Nachschlüssel innerhalb weniger Minuten erstellt werden können und dass das Nachmachen von Schlüsseln einfach ist. Dies sind die Nachteile des traditionellen Schließsystems, das einen Schlüssel und ein Schloss verwendet. Um die oben genannten Nachteile des bestehenden Systems zu überwinden, haben wir ein GSM-basiertes Haussicherheitssystem entwickelt. Es kann diese unerwünschten Situationen und Diebstähle vermeiden. PIR-Sensoren werden verwendet, um die Bewegung von lebenden Objekten zu erkennen. PIR ist ein passiver Infrarotsensor, der passive Infrarotstrahlen erkennt.

Toda a gente sonha com uma casa onde todos os aparelhos e dispositivos funcionem automaticamente. Este é um pequeno passo para alcançar as características de um sistema de automatização completo para a nossa casa. Existe uma função de ligar e desligar automaticamente a luz que também depende da presença de uma pessoa na divisão. Ventoinha AC controlada à distância utilizando um sistema de desativação automática. A velocidade da ventoinha será alterada de acordo com as nossas necessidades. A segurança é a principal preocupação de toda a gente. Toda a gente quer viver em segurança na sua casa para se manter a salvo ou protegido de vários incidentes, como roubos. Atualmente, ouvimos muitas vezes notícias sobre roubos ou furtos em algumas casas, bungalows e apartamentos. Todos sabemos que é possível criar uma chave duplicada em poucos minutos e que a duplicação de chaves é fácil. Estas são as desvantagens do sistema de fecho tradicional que utiliza uma chave e uma fechadura. Para ultrapassar as desvantagens acima referidas do sistema existente, concebemos um sistema de segurança doméstica baseado em GSM. Este sistema pode evitar estas situações indesejáveis e o roubo. Os sensores PIR são utilizados para detetar o movimento de objectos vivos. O PIR é um sensor de infravermelhos passivo, que detecta raios infravermelhos passivos.

Kazhdyj mechtaet o dome, w kotorom wse pribory i ustrojstwa rabotaüt awtomaticheski. Jeto nebol'shoj shag na puti k sozdaniü sistemy polnoj awtomatizacii nashego doma. Predusmotrena funkciq awtomaticheskogo wklücheniq i wyklücheniq sweta, kotoraq takzhe zawisit ot nalichiq cheloweka w komnate. Distancionno uprawlqemyj wentilqtor peremennogo toka s sistemoj awtomaticheskogo otklücheniq. Skorost' wrascheniq wentilqtora izmenqetsq w sootwetstwii s nashimi trebowaniqmi. Bezopasnost' - glawnaq zabota kazhdogo cheloweka. Kazhdyj hochet zhit' w swoem dome w bezopasnosti, chtoby obezopasit' sebq ot razlichnyh proisshestwij, naprimer, ot krazh. V nastoqschee wremq my chasto slyshim nowosti ob ograblenii ili krazhe w nekotoryh domah, bungalo, kwartirah. Vse my znaem, chto dublikat klücha mozhno sozdat' w techenie neskol'kih minut, a takzhe chto dublirowanie klüchej ne trebuet bol'shih usilij. Jeto nedostatki tradicionnoj sistemy zapiraniq, w kotoroj ispol'zuütsq klüch i zamok. Dlq ustraneniq ukazannyh nedostatkow suschestwuüschej sistemy my razrabotali sistemu ohrany doma na baze GSM. Ona pozwolqet izbezhat' ätih nezhelatel'nyh situacij i krazh. Dlq obnaruzheniq dwizheniq zhiwyh ob#ektow ispol'zuütsq PIR-datchiki. PIR - äto passiwnyj infrakrasnyj datchik, kotoryj obnaruzhiwaet passiwnye infrakrasnye luchi.

Tout le monde rêve d'une maison où tous les appareils et dispositifs fonctionnent automatiquement. Il s'agit d'un petit pas vers la réalisation des caractéristiques du système d'automatisation complet de notre maison. Il existe une fonction d'allumage et d'extinction automatique de la lumière qui dépend également de la présence d'une personne dans la pièce. Le ventilateur CA télécommandé utilise un système de désactivation automatique. La vitesse du ventilateur est modifiée en fonction de nos besoins. La sécurité est la principale préoccupation de chacun. Chacun veut vivre en sécurité dans sa maison pour se protéger de divers incidents tels que le vol. De nos jours, nous entendons souvent parler de cambriolages ou de vols dans des maisons, des bungalows ou des appartements. Nous savons tous qu'il est possible de créer un double des clés en quelques minutes et que la duplication des clés est facile. Tels sont les inconvénients du système de fermeture traditionnel qui utilise une clé et une serrure. Pour surmonter les inconvénients susmentionnés du système existant, nous avons conçu un système de sécurité domestique basé sur le GSM. Il peut éviter ces situations indésirables et le vol. Les capteurs PIR sont utilisés pour détecter les mouvements des objets vivants. Le capteur PIR est un capteur infrarouge passif qui détecte les rayons infrarouges passifs.

Tutti sognano una casa in cui tutti gli elettrodomestici e i dispositivi funzionino automaticamente. Questo è un piccolo passo verso le caratteristiche di un sistema di automazione completo per la nostra casa. La funzione di accensione e spegnimento automatico delle luci dipende anche dalla presenza di una persona nella stanza. Ventilatore CA controllato a distanza con un sistema di disattivazione automatica. La velocità del ventilatore viene modificata in base alle nostre esigenze. La sicurezza è la preoccupazione principale di tutti. Ognuno vuole vivere in sicurezza nella propria casa, per essere al sicuro da vari incidenti come i furti. Al giorno d'oggi, molte volte si sentono notizie di furti o rapine in alcune case, bungalow e appartamenti. Sappiamo tutti che i duplicati delle chiavi possono essere creati in pochi minuti e che la duplicazione delle chiavi è facile. Questi sono gli svantaggi del sistema di chiusura tradizionale che utilizza una chiave e una serratura. Per superare i suddetti svantaggi del sistema esistente, abbiamo progettato un sistema di sicurezza domestica basato sul GSM. Questo sistema è in grado di evitare queste situazioni indesiderate e i furti. I sensori PIR sono utilizzati per rilevare il movimento degli oggetti viventi. Il PIR è un sensore a infrarossi passivo che rileva i raggi infrarossi passivi.

Transport is considered as the blood line of economic and industrial growth. Increasingly faster and saver movement of man and material is being sort by the society. The existing transport system directly influences socio-economic development of the city. Development is always slow where transportation system is inadequate. Quick and efficient transport transport means make the world smaller than that of our grandparents, . Fast and efficient transport means is not a matter of choice but it is a compulsion to fuel the economic development.The poor countries consumes a lot of time and energy to get the things moved. Transportation is directly related to population ad it is the increasing population which put severe pressure on transport system to meet the rising demand. While the demand for urban transport has been growing rapidly, the supply of transport infrastructure has not kept pace with it.The urban population of India has increased rapidly in recent year. In 1951 about 62 million people were living in urban area which touched the figure of 217 million in the year 1991. So it shows an increase of over 250% in Indian urban population. While the rural population of India grow at the rate of 1.6% per annum during the period 1951-91 where as the urban population increase at the rate of 3.2% during the same period.The population of Delhi stands at almost 15 million with the population density of 10360 person/km. it is the third most populous city in India after Mumbai and Kolkata and ranked tenth amongst the most cites of the world. Delhi work force went up from 49% in 1991 to 53% in 2001.4Delhi, perhaps, the only city of its size in the world which depends almost entirely on buses on it sole mode of mass transport. Bus services are inadequate and heavily over-crowded. This situation had led t proliferation of personilsed vehicles; Delhi has largest vehicle population in the country with a close to 4.5 million vehicles in 2004-05. Delhi which contains 1.4% of total population of India accounts for 7% of total vehicle in India. So much so that Delhi has more registered vehicle than the total number of vehicles in Mumbai, Calcutta and Chennai put together. Nearly 70% of them are two wheelers. Its outcome as extreme congestion on the road, ever slowing speeds, increasing accident rate, fuel wastage and environmental pollution etc. Delhi has now become the fourth most polluted city in the world, with automobiles contributing more than two third of the total atmospheric pollution. Pollution related health problems are reaching disconcerting levelsNational Capital Territory of Delhi today covers an area of 1486 sq Kms and is a Union Territory with all powers of State Government. The history of planning aMetro project for Delhi dates back to 70's. The Central Road Research Institute (CRRI) undertook the first exhaustive study on traffic and travel characteristics of Delhi in 1969-70. While bringing out extensive data describing the traffic and travel characteristics, it developed mathematical models to project travel demand. By examining several alternatives, it recommended for a mass Rapid Transit Network for Delhi. Metropolitan Transport Team (MTT), Indian Railways, has reviewed the above schemes. MTT Sought for some modifications to recommendations of CRRI and planned for a well knit Mass Rapid Transit System for the capital city of India. The system comprised of 36 Km of underground corridors aligned two axes North-South and East-West Corridors and 96 Kms of surface rail corridors. Metropolitan Tansport Project (MTP-R, set up by the Ministry of Railways, Government of India) Prepared an engineering plan to construct the MTR system.

The high voltage gain converter is widely employed in industrial applications such as solar PV system, fuel cell, electrical vehicle, and high intensity discharged lamps. This research work has investigated the performance of various hybrid boosting converters used for renewable energy applications and will mostly focused on solar PV system. The design of hybrid boosting converter has gained the advantages of voltage regulation from its boost structure by the gain enhancement from its voltage multiplier structure. Many works are reported for the design of hybrid boost converter which consists of single switch, single inductor by employing bipolar voltage multiplier. This converter has less component stress, small amount of output ripple. The investigations for the performance analysis of the converter achieves extremely large voltage conversion ratio. The design should can boost the input voltage nearly to a significant level with less switches and inductors while maintaining high efficiency.

Everyone fantasies a home where all the appliances and devices work automatically. This is a small step towards achieving the features of the complete automation system for our home. There is a feature of automatic ON and OFF functioning of light that also depend upon if the person is available in the room. Remote controlled AC fan using an automatic disabling system. Fan speed will be changed according to our requirement. Security is the main concern for everyone. Everyone wants to live securely in his/her house to keep safe or secure from various incidents like theft. Nowadays, many times we hear news about a house robbery or theft in some houses, bungalows, flats. We all know that duplicate key can be created within a few minutes and also key duplication is easy. These are the disadvantages of the traditional locking system which uses a key and a lock. To overcome the above stated disadvantages of existing system we have designed a GSM based home security system. It can avoid these undesirable situations, and theft. PIR sensors are used to detect living object movement. PIR is a passive infrared sensor, which detect passive infrared rays.