Bøger af Saurav Lamichhane

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Biology - Zoology, grade: 3.87, , course: Bachelor of Science in Fisheries, language: English, abstract: In this study, intensive common carp (Cyprinus carpio) culture was conducted from 2nd October to 28th October in experimental cemented tank of 25 m2 of Fish hatchery complex, AFU to learn to produce common carp through intensive culture. Intensive culture is a system where fish are culture in a well-managed manner and this system includes small ponds, tanks, and raceways with very high stocking density. In this system, fish is almost completely fed on formulated feed and good management is undertaken for controlling all aspects which require proper growth. Production of common carp is increasing so, intensification of its production from extensive to semi-intensive and intensive aquaculture systems is a new trend. The stocking density was 250 fish at the rate of 10 fish/m2. Average body weight of 27.9±9.8 g fish were stocked in the tank and feeding was done at 3% of body weight. Feed was made from mustard oil cake (70%) and rice bran (30%), a feeding tray having an area of 50x50 cm2 was used for feeding. Sampling was performed at a ten days interval and feeding was adjusted accordingly. The average temperature, DO and pH of the culture tank of 5:30 am and 3pm was 28.7±0.9 and 30.2±1.2°C, 7.1±1.3 and 12.4±1.6 mg/L, 7.7 and 7.8 respectively which were within the suitable range for culturing. After harvesting, the total harvested weight of fish was 12.9 kg while total stocking weight was 7.4 kg. Mean harvest weight of fish was 54.4±28.6 g while mean stocking weight was 27.9±9.8 g. The survival rate of fish was 97.6%. The extrapolated GFY and NFY obtained was 72.6 and 30.8 t/ha/year respectively. The fish were handed over to Aquaculture farm, AFU which they will rear further in tanks and ponds. During culturing water was exchanged daily in the morning for maintaining proper water quality. Thus, the results suggested that common carp intensive farming is feasible in cemented tanks with good survival rate.

Academic Paper from the year 2021 in the subject Biology - Micro- and Molecular Biology, , course: Bachelor of Science in Fisheries, language: English, abstract: This text deals with the antimicrobial resistance in fish as a result of its use in aquaculture, the development and spread of this resistance and the risk associated with the antimicrobial resistant in fish culture.Antimicrobial resistance arises due to the overuse of antimicrobial drugs, most prominently antibiotics and others like antivirals, antifungals, etc. An antibiotic is a substance produced by one microorganism that selectively inhibits the growth of another microorganism and there are different types of it. Its use in aquaculture is accompanied by various factors and increasing use of it has several impacts. As of now, the aquaculture sector is growing rapidly and currently, it accounts for more than half of the fish used for human consumption. Demand for food has been increased since the population of the world is growing rapidly so, dependent on aquaculture to provide a safe, reliable, and economic supply of aquatic food has also increased. This increase in production has been accompanied by the intensive use of antibiotics in the aquaculture industry which is leading to the production of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens.

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Biology - Miscellaneous, , language: English, abstract: Carp polyculture is the most common, popular, and successful aquaculture system in Nepal. Including mono-sex Nile tilapia in carp polyculture could enhance fish productivity. This present LEE work was conducted at the Fish hatchery complex of Fisheries Program, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, in a cemented tank of area 25 m² for 26 days to study the carp and mono-sex Nile tilapia in a polyculture system.The pond was fertilized using urea and DAP at the rate of 4,7 g/m²/week and 3.5 g/m²/week respectively. Fishes except Grass carp were fed twice daily with the pellet made from mustard oil cake and rice bran mixed at a 1:1 ratio at the rate of 5% BW. Grass carp were fed with duckweed at a rate of 50% BW twice a day from 7:30 am to 8 am and 1:30 pm to 2 pm. Water quality parameters i.e., water temperature, transparency, water depth, dissolved oxygen, and pH and were monitored daily while total alkalinity was monitored weekly. Sampling of fish was done fortnightly to check fish growth and adjust feed quantity. All the water quality parameters were within the optimal range of fish production except for DO which was very high during the afternoon. The extrapolated GFY and NFY were 14.5 t/ha/yr and 9.6 t/ha/yr, respectively. The overall survival of fish was 87% and AFCR was 1.4. The total variable cost and the production cost was NRs. 220/kg. Fishes were transferred to the Aquaculture farm, assuming the selling rate NRs. 300/kg. This makes the total gross return was of NRs. 875, making a total net profit of NRs. 327. The B: C ratio was 1.59. From this LEE work, it was concluded that carp and mono-sex Nile tilapia polyculture is a reliable and profitable venture to carry out.