Bøger af Stefan Muller

简介 本书全面系统地介绍了在当代语言学发展进程中起到重要作用的形式语法理论，包括短语结构语法、转换语法-管辖与约束理论、转换语法-最简方案、广义短语结构语法、词汇功能语法、范畴语法、中心语驱动的短语结构语法、构式语法、依存语法和树邻接语法。作者对重要的理论学说进行了深入浅出的讲解，并详细说明了每种理论是如何分析论元成分与附加成分、主被动变换、局部重新排序、动词替换以及跨长距离依存成分前置等问题的。这些分析都以德语作为目标语言来说明。 本书第二部分比较了这些理论在分析语言习得和心理语言学的合理性方面所提出的假说。例如，天赋论假说认为人类习得某种语言是由语言的内在机制决定的。本书对该观点进行了严格的评判，并讨论了其他的语言习得模型。第二部分还讨论了当前理论构建中存在的争议性问题，如平铺结构还是二叉结构更为合适？句式应该是在短语层还是词汇层上处理？以及抽象的、不可见的实体是否应该在句法分析中占有一席之地？实际上，不同的理论框架对这些问题的解释是互通的。作者在最后一章说明了如何对所有语言都具有的共性特征或某类语言具有的共同特征进行描写。本书是对出版于2016年的《语法理论-从转换语法到基于约束的理论》（Grammatical theory: From transformational grammar to constraint-based approaches）英语版的中译本。下面引述的内容摘自评论： "穆勒针对各种语法理论所作的严肃且公正的论述填补了文献领域的一大空白。"Karen Lehmann, Zeitschrift für Rezensionen zur germanistischen Sprachwissenschaft, 2012 "斯特凡-穆勒最新发表的这本导论性教科书《语法理论》（Grammatiktheorie）是一本难得的具有综合性和深入洞见的入门书籍，适合当代句法理论的初学者学习。"Wolfgang Sternefeld und Frank Richter, Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft, 2012 "这是那种世间难觅的著作......作者公正且客观的论述特别地令人耳目一新。"Werner Abraham, Germanistik, 2012 这些章节的内容至少可以使得那些对关键问题持有不同意见的学者都参与到讨论中来，而且也许会使得他们对彼此的研究成果有更好的理解与赞许，进而推动研究的进一步发展。总之，跟Sternefeld & Richter（2012）针对本书早期版本所持的有些悲观的且倾向于生成语法优先的看法相反的是，我积极地将Müller所做的工作看作是一个通道，它有潜力将形式语言学家聚集在一起以使得他们能够认识到各自圈子之外的理论性工作的全貌。"Michael T. Putnam, Glossa, 2016 This book is a translation of Müller, Stefan. 2016. Grammatical theory: From transformational grammar to constraint-based approaches. Berlin: Language Science Press.

Geschmack, Kultur und Lebensstil der Mittelmeerregion sind in "Mediterranes Wunder" kunstvoll verflochten. Stefan Müller, ein renommierter deutscher Koch und leidenschaftlicher Reisender, hat es sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, die Vielfalt und Raffinesse der Mittelmeerküche zu erkunden und zu entschlüsseln. In diesem Buch nimmt er Sie mit auf eine exquisite kulinarische Reise, die von den malerischen Dörfern Südfrankreichs über die sonnenverwöhnten Hügel Italiens bis hin zu den lebendigen Gewürzmärkten der Türkei reicht."Mediterranes Wunder" hebt sich durch seine ehrliche Herangehensweise an die Küche des Mittelmeerraums hervor. Jedes Rezept wurde sorgfältig ausgewählt und entwickelt, um die authentischen Aromen hervorzuheben und gleichzeitig eine gesunde und ausgewogene Ernährung zu fördern. Die Leser werden dazu eingeladen, die regionalen Unterschiede zu entdecken und zu verstehen, wie Klima, Kultur und Geschichte die Küche der Region beeinflusst haben.Ob Sie die mediterrane Küche bereits lieben oder sie gerade erst entdecken, "Mediterranes Wunder" bietet einen faszinierenden und köstlichen Einblick in eine der weltweit beliebtesten und gesündesten Küchen. Entdecken Sie, wie man traditionelle Gerichte zubereitet und wie man sie an den modernen Gaumen anpasst, ohne ihren ursprünglichen Geist zu verlieren.

This book is an introduction to the syntactic structures that can be found in the Germanic languages. The analyses are couched in the framework of HPSG light, which is a simplified version of HPSG that uses trees to depict analyses rather than complicated attribute value matrices. The book is written for students with basic knowledge about case, constituent tests, and simple phrase structure grammars (advanced BA or MA level) and for researchers with an interest in the Germanic languages and/or an interest in Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar/Sign-Based Construction Grammar without having the time to deal with all the details of these theories.

This book introduces formal grammar theories that play a role in current linguistic theorizing (Phrase Structure Grammar, Transformational Grammar/Government & Binding, Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar, Lexical Functional Grammar, Categorial Grammar, Head-¿Driven Phrase Structure Grammar, ConstructionGrammar, Tree Adjoining Grammar). The key assumptions are explained and it is shown how the respective theory treats arguments and adjuncts, the active/passive alternation, local reorderings, verb placement, and fronting of constituents over long distances. The analyses are explained with German as the object language.The second part of the book compares these approaches with respect to their predictions regarding language acquisition and psycholinguistic plausibility. The nativism hypothesis, which assumes that humans posses genetically determined innate language-specific knowledge, is critically examined and alternative models of language acquisition are discussed. The second part then addresses controversial issues of current theory building such as the question of flat or binary branching structures being more appropriate, the question whether constructions should be treated on the phrasal or the lexical level, and the question whether abstract, non-visible entities should play a role in syntactic analyses. It is shown that the analyses suggested in the respective frameworks are often translatable into each other. The book closes with a chapter showing how properties common to all languages or to certain classes of languages can be captured.

There are two prominent schools in linguistics: Minimalism (Chomsky) and Construction Grammar (Goldberg, Tomasello). Minimalism comes with the claim that our linguistic capabilities consist of an abstract, binary combinatorial operation (Merge) and a lexicon. Most versions of Construction Grammar assume that language consists of flat phrasal schemata that contribute their own meaning and may license additional arguments. This book examines a variant of Lexical Functional Grammar, which is lexical in principle but was augmented by tools that allow for the description of phrasal constructions in the Construction Grammar sense. These new tools include templates that can be used to model inheritance hierarchies and a resource driven semantics. The resource driven semantics makes it possible to reach the effects that lexical rules had, for example remapping of arguments, by semantic means. The semantic constraints can be evaluated in the syntactic component, which is basically similar to the delayed execution of lexical rules. So this is a new formalization that might be suitable to provide solutions to longstanding problems that are not available for other formalizations. While the authors suggest a lexical treatment of many phenomena and only assume phrasal constructions for selected phenomena like benefactive and resultative constructions in English, it can be shown that even these two constructions should not be treated phrasally in English and that the analysis would not extend to other languages as for instance German. I show that the new formal tools do not really improve the situation and many of the basic conceptual problems remain. Since this specific proposal fails for two constructions, it follows that proposals (in the same framework) that assume phrasal analyses for all constructions are not appropriate either. The conclusion is that lexical models are needed and this entails that the schemata that combine syntactic objects are rather abstract (as in Categorial Grammar, Minimalism, HPSG and standard LFG). On the other hand there are constructions that should be treated by very specific, phrasal schemata as in Construction Grammar and LFG and HPSG. So the conclusion is that both schools are right (and wrong) and that a combination of ideas from both camps is needed.

:Logik, Widerspruch und Vermittlung - prägnant und nachvollziehbar diskutiert Stefan Müller Aspekte der Dialektik in den Sozialwissenschaften. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Untersuchungen strikt antinomischer Konstellationen, die den Übergang zu einer sozialwissenschaftlich relevanten Dialektik ermöglichen. Damit kann jenseits proklamatorischer Ansätze eine Präzisierung und eine Entdramatisierung dialektischer Verfahrensweisen erfolgen. Anhand der Negativen Dialektik Adornos und der Psychoanalyse Freuds zeigt der Autor auf, inwiefern bestimmten Widerspruchs- und Vermittlungsfiguren in den Sozialwissenschaften eine wesentliche Bedeutung zukommt.