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O estudo sobre a liderança de Nayib Bukele, eleito presidente de El Salvador em 3 de fevereiro de 2019, é abordado a partir de uma abordagem do poder político e do sujeito político, ou seja, o "outsider", que foi expulso das entranhas do partido Frente Farabundo Martí de Libertação Nacional (FMLN). Destaca como Bukele, utilizando os seus seguidores do movimento e o projeto de partido "Novas Ideias", identificado com a bandeira azul clara e uma andorinha, destrona os partidos tradicionais do poder. O autor centra-se na realidade política eleitoral, destacando o período 1989-2019, que foi governado pelos partidos ARENA (1989-2009) e FMLN (2009-2019). Destaca também a campanha eleitoral, onde a denúncia da corrupção e a prática do nepotismo são elementos-chave da "Revolução Celestial". O estudo mostra uma síntese do "Plano Cuscatlán" e a importância de uma Nova Governação Pública.
L'étude sur le leadership de Nayib Bukele, élu président du Salvador le 3 février 2019, est abordée sous l'angle du pouvoir politique et du sujet politique, c'est-à-dire de l'"outsider", expulsé des entrailles du parti Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN). Il met en évidence la manière dont Bukele, à l'aide de ses partisans issus du mouvement et du projet de parti "Nouvelles idées", identifié par le drapeau bleu clair et une hirondelle, détrône les partis traditionnels du pouvoir. L'auteur se concentre sur la réalité politique électorale, en soulignant la période 1989-2019, qui a été gouvernée par les partis ARENA (1989-2009) et FMLN (2009-2019). Il met également en lumière la campagne électorale, où la dénonciation de la corruption et de la pratique du népotisme sont des éléments clés de la "révolution céleste". L'étude présente une synthèse du "Plan Cuscatlán" et de l'importance d'une nouvelle gouvernance publique.
Lo studio sulla leadership di Nayib Bukele, eletto presidente di El Salvador il 3 febbraio 2019, è affrontato da un punto di vista del potere politico e del soggetto politico, ovvero l'"outsider", espulso dalle viscere del partito Fronte di Liberazione Nazionale Farabundo Martí (FMLN). Il libro evidenzia come Bukele, utilizzando i suoi seguaci del movimento e il progetto del partito "Nuove Idee", identificato con la bandiera azzurra e una rondine, detronizzi i partiti tradizionali dal potere. L'autore si concentra sulla realtà politica elettorale, evidenziando il periodo 1989-2019, governato dai partiti ARENA (1989-2009) e FMLN (2009-2019). Evidenzia inoltre la campagna elettorale, dove la denuncia della corruzione e della pratica del nepotismo sono elementi chiave della "Rivoluzione Celeste". Lo studio mostra una sintesi del "Plan Cuscatlán" e l'importanza di una Nuova Governance Pubblica.
Die Studie über die Führung von Nayib Bukele, der am 3. Februar 2019 zum Präsidenten von El Salvador gewählt wurde, nähert sich dem Thema aus der Perspektive der politischen Macht und des politischen Subjekts, d.h. des "Außenseiters", der aus den Eingeweiden der Partei Farabundo Martí Nationale Befreiungsfront (FMLN) ausgestoßen wurde. Er zeigt auf, wie Bukele mit Hilfe seiner Anhänger aus der Bewegung und dem Parteiprojekt "Neue Ideen", das mit der hellblauen Flagge und einer Schwalbe gekennzeichnet ist, die traditionellen Parteien von der Macht verdrängt. Der Autor konzentriert sich auf die politische Realität bei den Wahlen, wobei er den Zeitraum 1989-2019 hervorhebt, in dem die Parteien ARENA (1989-2009) und FMLN (2009-2019) regierten. Sie beleuchtet auch die Wahlkampagne, in der die Anprangerung von Korruption und Vetternwirtschaft Schlüsselelemente der "himmlischen Revolution" sind. Die Studie zeigt eine Synthese des "Plan Cuscatlán" und die Bedeutung einer Neuen Öffentlichen Verwaltung.
The study on the leadership of Nayib Bukele, elected president of El Salvador, on February 3, 2019, is approached from an approach on political power and the political subject, that is, the "outsider", who was expelled from the bowels of the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) party. It highlights how Bukele, using his followers from the movement and the project of the "New Ideas" party, identified with the light blue flag and a swallow, dethrones the traditional parties from power. The author focuses on the electoral political reality, highlighting the period 1989-2019, which was governed by the ARENA (1989-2009) and FMLN (2009-2019) parties. It also highlights the electoral campaign, where the denunciation of corruption and the practice of nepotism are key elements of the "Celestial Revolution". The study shows a synthesis of the "Plan Cuscatlán" and the importance of a New Public Governance.
The study addresses the state of the right to education in the Latin American and Caribbean region at the time of the Covid-19 pandemic and post-pandemic, a stage in which the historical course of the educational process was interrupted. In this direction, the objective is to recognize the actions of a public policy proposed by international organizations such as the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the World Bank, the Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI) and the United Nations (UN), which should be implemented by national States to guarantee the right to education, from a focus on equity, inclusion and quality, assuming that it is an enabling factor for the exercise of other rights, as well as to reduce social inequalities.
The preservation, recovery, valuation, dissemination and management of Cultural Heritage in the Central American region is a reality that is presented with an emphasis on its social dimension. With this in mind, the exploratory study of Cultural Heritage in the countries of the region, with an emphasis on Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador, is based on consultations with the authorities of the cultural sector, representatives of civil society, the corresponding legislation and documentation related to cultural policies linked to the subject matter being addressed.
The Bicentennial of the Independence of Central America is a crucial event, a wake-up call for all countries that have lived a relationship of colonial dependence and have managed to break free from that condition and remain "independent" for two centuries. In other words, these are dates or periods where the past is analyzed, the present is celebrated and the future of the community is projected. Studying the historical, political, economic, social and cultural aspects of these events contributes to understanding the dynamic history of complex realities, which allows understanding the economic history that goes from mere production to the study of consumption, values, effects, including the history of those who make it possible, from the elites to the workers, peasants, workers and social movements; which makes it possible to cross the boundaries between social and cultural history.
The Peace Agreements between the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) and the Government of El Salvador (GOES), which were signed on January 16, 1992, constitute a historical fact of relevant dimensions in national politics, since the peace of arms was an achievement that obtained the recognition of the international community, which with the performance of important actors contributed to the democratic re-foundation of the country. It was this fact that allowed a party such as the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, of guerrilla extraction, to come to power in 2009, thus the performance of the "National Government for Change in El Salvador (2009-2014)" is approached, which has as its essential axis the political function, referred to the establishment of objectives of society through a political project, which urged the typical tasks of political leadership, such as: guide, define, decide and intervene in public affairs and mediate in the interaction of political and social actors.
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